Curcumin Bioavailability: Which Formulas Actually Absorb?

Showing 60 of 1492 Cmax/Tmax/AUC values (human first). All 1636 values are in /api/supplements/curcumin.

1. Human Gota VS, Maru GB, Soni TG, Gandhi TR, Kochar N, Agarwal MG. Safety and pharmacokinetics of a solid lipid curcumin particle formulation in osteosarcoma patients and healthy volunteers. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. 2010;58(4):2095-9. PMID 20092313. doi:10.1021/jf9024807 PubMed · DOI · healthy volunteers: single-dose randomized double-blind crossover; osteosarcoma patients: open-label single-dose, dose cohorts (2, 3, 4 g), n=6 healthy volunteers; 11 osteosarcoma patients
2. Human Kanai M, Imaizumi A, Otsuka Y, Sasaki H, Hashiguchi M, Tsujiko K, Matsumoto S, Ishiguro H, Chiba T. Dose-escalation and pharmacokinetic study of nanoparticle curcumin, a potential anticancer agent with improved bioavailability, in healthy human volunteers. Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology. 2012;69(1):65-70. PMID 21603867. doi:10.1007/s00280-011-1673-1 PubMed · DOI · open-label (specify): single-group sequential dose escalation, same subjects received 150 mg then 210 mg after 2-week interval, n=6
3. Human Vitaglione P, Barone Lumaga R, Ferracane R, Radetsky I, Mennella I, Schettino R, Koder S, Shimoni E, Fogliano V. Curcumin bioavailability from enriched bread: the effect of microencapsulated ingredients. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. 2012;60(13):3357-66. PMID 22401804. doi:10.1021/jf204517k PubMed · DOI · randomized crossover, 3 treatments (described as double-blind in Methods, single blind in Introduction), n=10

matched single-form evidence only; non-overlapping ranges in 1 matched set(s), up to 1 studies per form (baseline correction not reported: capped at C). No head-to-head grade; indirect only.

1. HumanEnhanced bioavailability of a novel double-layered nano-liposomal curcumin (BNT-C060): a randomized, double-blind, clinical trial.
   Sci Rep, 2026 · Design: randomized; double-blind · n: n = 9 · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
   PMID 42225688DOI 10.1038/s41598-026-53709-8PMC13457880 (free full text)
   Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
   • Key findings · abstract:This study evaluated the single-dose pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of BNT-C060, a novel double-layered chitosan/alginate-coated nano-liposomal curcumin, versus conventional free curcumin in healthy male volunteers.
   • Key findings · abstract:Plasma and urine samples were collected over 24 h for total curcumin analysis (LC-MS/MS after β-glucuronidase treatment).
   • Key findings · abstract:BNT-C060 demonstrated superior dose-normalized pharmacokinetics: 23.2-fold higher plasma AUC0-t (5.00 vs. 0.22 ng·h/mL/mg), 53-fold higher Cmax (1.06 vs. 0.02 ng/mL/mg), and 35.3-fold higher urinary exposure.
   • Key findings · abstract:BNT-C060 achieved substantially[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
   • Cmax · abstract:BNT-C060 demonstrated superior dose-normalized pharmacokinetics: 23.2-fold higher plasma AUC0-t (5.00 vs. 0.22 ng·h/mL/mg), 53-fold higher Cmax (1.06 vs. 0.02 ng/mL/mg), and 35.3-fold higher urinary exposure.
   • Cmax · abstract:BNT-C060 achieved substantially higher plasma concentrations (Cmax 423 ng/mL vs. 34 ng/mL free curcumin) compared with free curcumin, suggesting improved systemic exposure with the nano-liposomal formulation.
   • Tmax · abstract:Tmax was earlier (0.86 vs. 3.3 h).
   • AUC · abstract:BNT-C060 demonstrated superior dose-normalized pharmacokinetics: 23.2-fold higher plasma AUC0-t (5.00 vs. 0.22 ng·h/mL/mg), 53-fold higher Cmax (1.06 vs. 0.02 ng/mL/mg), and 35.3-fold higher urinary exposure.
   • Relative bioavailability · abstract:This study evaluated the single-dose pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of BNT-C060, a novel double-layered chitosan/alginate-coated nano-liposomal curcumin, versus conventional free curcumin in healthy male volunteers.
   • Relative bioavailability · abstract:BNT-C060 demonstrated superior dose-normalized pharmacokinetics: 23.2-fold higher plasma AUC0-t (5.00 vs. 0.22 ng·h/mL/mg), 53-fold higher Cmax (1.06 vs. 0.02 ng/mL/mg), and 35.3-fold higher urinary exposure.
   • Food effect · abstract:In this randomized, double-blind, parallel-group trial, 18 healthy males (n = 9/group) received single oral doses of BNT-C060 (400 mg curcumin-equivalent) or free curcumin (2,000 mg) under fasting conditions.
   • Cmax · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetic comparison with previous':In earlier studies, curcumin-loaded delivery systems such as solid lipid curcumin phospholipid complexes (SLCPs) produced AUC values of approximately 95.3 ng·h/mL and Cmax values around 22.4 ng/mL17.
   • Cmax · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetic comparison with previous':Gum ghatti-based nanoparticle dispersions yielded AUC0−t values of 113 ng·h/mL and Cmax values around 29.5 ng/mL18, while phospholipid-based phytosomal formulations achieved higher exposure (AUC0–t 538 ng·h/mL and Cmax 50.3 ng/mL)19.
   • Cmax · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetic comparison with previous':In contrast, BNT–C060 produced an AUC0–t of 2,001.50 ng·h/mL and Cmax of 423.41 ng/mL, which appears higher than the numerical values reported for several advanced curcumin delivery technologies.
   • AUC · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetic comparison with previous':In earlier studies, curcumin-loaded delivery systems such as solid lipid curcumin phospholipid complexes (SLCPs) produced AUC values of approximately 95.3 ng·h/mL and Cmax values around 22.4 ng/mL17.
   • AUC · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetic comparison with previous':Gum ghatti-based nanoparticle dispersions yielded AUC0−t values of 113 ng·h/mL and Cmax values around 29.5 ng/mL18, while phospholipid-based phytosomal formulations achieved higher exposure (AUC0–t 538 ng·h/mL and Cmax 50.3 ng/mL)19.
   • AUC · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetic comparison with previous':In contrast, BNT–C060 produced an AUC0–t of 2,001.50 ng·h/mL and Cmax of 423.41 ng/mL, which appears higher than the numerical values reported for several advanced curcumin delivery technologies.
   • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'Translational and pharmacodynamic implic':In this study, dose-normalized AUC0–t was 5.00 ± 1.54 ng·h·mL⁻¹·mg⁻¹ with BNT–C060 and 0.22 ± 0.11 ng·h·mL⁻¹·mg⁻¹ with free curcumin, corresponding to a 23.2-fold increase and coefficients of variation of approximately 31% and 50%, respectively.
   • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'Translational and pharmacodynamic implic':Dose-normalized Cmax values were 1.06 ± 0.40 and 0.02 ± 0.01 ng·mL⁻¹·mg⁻¹ for BNT–C060 and free curcumin, indicating a 53-fold difference with CVs of about 38% and 50%.
   • Food effect · full text, Section 'Intervention':On each dosing day, participants received a single oral dose of either 8 g of BNT–C060 (equivalent to 400 mg of curcumin extract) or 8 g of free curcumin (equivalent to 2,000 mg of curcumin extract) under fasting conditions with 300 mL of mineral water.
   • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Safety assessments of BNT–C060':Safety assessments revealed no clinically meaningful changes in vital signs from pre-dose to 24 h post-dose; changes in systolic blood pressure (−2.1 ± 8.3 mmHg for BNT–C060 vs. 1.2 ± 7.9 mmHg for free curcumin) and diastolic blood pressure (0.3 ± 5.1 vs. −1.1 ± 6.2 mmHg, respectively) were small and not statistically notable (all p > 0.30).
   • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Mechanistic basis of the double-layered ':This triple-protection strategy, combined with a dose-sparing effect (400 mg vs. 2,000 mg equivalents), supports the potential pharmacokinetic advantages of BNT–C060 relative to previously reported curcumin formulations.
   • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Translational and pharmacodynamic implic':Dose-normalized Cmax values were 1.06 ± 0.40 and 0.02 ± 0.01 ng·mL⁻¹·mg⁻¹ for BNT–C060 and free curcumin, indicating a 53-fold difference with CVs of about 38% and 50%.
2. HumanSuperbase ionic liquid mediated solubilization of curcumin for improved bioavailability and anticancer efficacy.
   Sci Rep, 2026 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
   PMID 41998020DOI 10.1038/s41598-026-44082-7PMC13249852 (free full text)
   Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
   • Key findings · abstract:Compared to the aqueous solubility of curcumin alone, the curcumin/SBIL formulation exhibited almost an 8,000-fold increase in solubility, also demonstrating a reduction of ~ 60% of human triple-negative breast cancer epithelial cells (MDA-MB-231) viability with only 10 µg.mL-1 of curcumin (the active compound), without any cytotoxic effects on non-tumorogenic mouse fibroblasts (L929).
   • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Compared to the aqueous solubility of curcumin alone, the curcumin/SBIL formulation exhibited almost an 8,000-fold increase in solubility, also demonstrating a reduction of ~ 60% of human triple-negative breast cancer epithelial cells (MDA-MB-231) viability with only 10 µg.mL-1 of curcumin (the active compound), without any cytotoxic effects on non-tumorogenic mouse fibroblasts (L929).
   • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'Solubility and stability of the curcumin':The solubility of curcumin tends to increase with the rise in molar concentration of SBIL in the aqueous solution, reaching a maximum solubility of 3.5 mg·g−1 at a concentration of 4.0 mol·kg−1 of SBIL, representing an 8750-fold increase compared to its solubility in pure water.
   • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Solubility and stability of the curcumin':The solubility of curcumin tends to increase with the rise in molar concentration of SBIL in the aqueous solution, reaching a maximum solubility of 3.5 mg·g−1 at a concentration of 4.0 mol·kg−1 of SBIL, representing an 8750-fold increase compared to its solubility in pure water.
   • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Cytocompatibility of the curcumin/SBIL f':Specifically, MDA-MB-231 cancer cells exhibited a significant reduction in metabolism (~ 60%) when treated with 10 µg.mL−1 of curcumin/aqueous solution of SBIL, compared to the control.
3. HumanBioavailability-Enhanced Curcumin (CurcuBoost®) as Adjunct Therapy Improves Symptoms in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
   Cureus, 2026 · Design: randomized · n: 50 participants · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
   PMID 42621591DOI 10.7759/cureus.112993PMC13489542 (free full text)PDF
   Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
   • Key findings · abstract:At week 8, CurcuBoost® + SOC resulted in significantly greater reductions in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain compared with SOC alone (mean ± SD: 4.68 ± 1.65 vs 7.40 ± 2.18; p < 0.0001), corresponding to a 65.2% versus 44.0% reduction from baseline.
   • Key findings · abstract:Outcome Measures in Rheumatology-Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OMERACT-OARSI) responder rates at week 8 were higher with CurcuBoost® (80% (n = 20) vs 48% (n = 12); p = 0.0184).
   • Key findings · abstract:Improvements in the EuroQol 5-Dimension questionnaire (EQ-5D) and global assessments were also significantly[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
   • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Results':The reduction from baseline was significantly greater in the CurcuBoost® group compared with the SOC group, with a between-group mean difference of -3.04 (95% CI: -4.47 to -1.61), corresponding to a large effect size (Cohen’s d = 1.17).
   • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Results':By week 8, the mean reduction from baseline was numerically greater in the CurcuBoost® group (-3.84 ± 1.21) compared with SOC alone (-3.16 ± 1.40); however, the between-group difference did not reach statistical significance (mean difference: -0.68; 95% CI: -1.41 to 0.05;
   • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Results':Similarly, percentage reductions from baseline (-54.8% vs -47.4%) were not statistically different between groups (p = 0.1747).
4. HumanEnhancing curcumin bioavailability using bifunctional periodic mesoporous organosilica for pH-responsive anticancer drug delivery.
   Nanomedicine, 2026 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
   PMID 41506414DOI 10.1016/j.nano.2025.102898
   Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
5. HumanThe influence of food matrices on the bioavailability of curcuminoids from a dried colloidal turmeric suspension: a randomized, crossover, clinical trial.
   Food Funct, 2025 · Design: randomized; crossover · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (hybrid)
   PMID 39792007DOI 10.1039/d4fo03414g
   Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
   • Key findings · abstract:Plasma samples were collected over a 24-hour period to assess the pharmacokinetics of curcuminoids.
   • Key findings · abstract:The dairy analogue showed the highest increase in dose-normalized AUC24 h (+76%, p < 0.0001) and Cmax (+105%, p < 0.0001).
   • Key findings · abstract:The sports nutrition bar resulted in increased dose-normalized AUC24 h (+40%, p = 0.0112) and Cmax (+74%, p < 0.0001).
   • Key findings · abstract:The probiotic drink showed increased dose-normalized AUC24 h (+35%, p = 0.0318) and Cmax (+52%, p < 0.0001).
   • Cmax · abstract:The dairy analogue showed the highest increase in dose-normalized AUC24 h (+76%, p < 0.0001) and Cmax (+105%, p < 0.0001).
   • Cmax · abstract:The sports nutrition bar resulted in increased dose-normalized AUC24 h (+40%, p = 0.0112) and Cmax (+74%, p < 0.0001).
   • Cmax · abstract:The probiotic drink showed increased dose-normalized AUC24 h (+35%, p = 0.0318) and Cmax (+52%, p < 0.0001).
   • AUC · abstract:The dairy analogue showed the highest increase in dose-normalized AUC24 h (+76%, p < 0.0001) and Cmax (+105%, p < 0.0001).
   • AUC · abstract:The sports nutrition bar resulted in increased dose-normalized AUC24 h (+40%, p = 0.0112) and Cmax (+74%, p < 0.0001).
   • AUC · abstract:The probiotic drink showed increased dose-normalized AUC24 h (+35%, p = 0.0318) and Cmax (+52%, p < 0.0001).
6. HumanCurcumin enhances the oral bioavailability of testosterone by inhibiting its intestinal metabolism.
   Drug Metab Dispos, 2025 · Design: crossover · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (hybrid)
   PMID 40911949DOI 10.1016/j.dmd.2025.100144PMC12597537 (free full text)
   Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
   • Key findings · abstract:This study investigated the potential of curcumin, as a UGT2B17 inhibitor, to enhance TU bioavailability using a series of in vitro and in vivo studies.
   • Key findings · abstract:The plasma concentration-time area under the curve (AUC1-6h) and the peak plasma concentration (Cmax) for testosterone, representing the absorption phase, significantly increased by 50% and 80%, respectively, when TU was administered with curcumin.
   • Key findings · abstract:These findings suggest that curcumin, a UGT2B17 inhibitor, has the potential to enhance the bioavailability of oral TU.
   • Key findings · abstract:Further clinical investigations with higher doses of curcumin and with o[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
   • Cmax · abstract:The plasma concentration-time area under the curve (AUC1-6h) and the peak plasma concentration (Cmax) for testosterone, representing the absorption phase, significantly increased by 50% and 80%, respectively, when TU was administered with curcumin.
   • AUC · abstract:The plasma concentration-time area under the curve (AUC1-6h) and the peak plasma concentration (Cmax) for testosterone, representing the absorption phase, significantly increased by 50% and 80%, respectively, when TU was administered with curcumin.
   • Cmax · full text, Table 1:rs of oral TU with and without curcumin coadministration in men with experimental hypogonadism Subject ID TU Alone TU with Curcumin AUC0–24 (ng·h/mL) Cmax(0–24)(ng/mL) Tmax(0–24) (h) t1/2 (h) AUC0–24 (ng·h/mL) Cmax(0–24)(ng/mL) Tmax(0–24) (h) t1/2 (h) 3 221.9 22.5 4 16.2 332.4 39.2 3 8.5 5 176.8 12.8 4 7.8 173.8 17.7 3 11.9 7 37.1 5.8 3 11.9 125.3 25.4 2 11.1 8 59.6 8.3 4 4.5 66.9 9.2 3 9.1 9 232.
   • Cmax · full text, Section 'Effect of curcumin coadministration on t':As a result, the average testosterone AUC0–24h and Cmax in the TU alone arm were 146 ng·h/mL and 12 ng/mL, respectively, which were significantly (P < .05, Wilcoxon test) higher than the physiological levels (Fig. 5A, Table 1).
   • Cmax · full text, Section 'Effect of curcumin coadministration on t':Furthermore, curcumin coadministration showed a variable 1.3- and 1.8-fold increase in the average AUCR0–24h (Fig. 6A) and CmaxR (Fig. 6C) data of testosterone, respectively, where Cmax was statistically significant (P < .05, Wilcoxon test).
   • Tmax · full text, Table 1:and without curcumin coadministration in men with experimental hypogonadism Subject ID TU Alone TU with Curcumin AUC0–24 (ng·h/mL) Cmax(0–24)(ng/mL) Tmax(0–24) (h) t1/2 (h) AUC0–24 (ng·h/mL) Cmax(0–24)(ng/mL) Tmax(0–24) (h) t1/2 (h) 3 221.9 22.5 4 16.2 332.4 39.2 3 8.5 5 176.8 12.8 4 7.8 173.8 17.7 3 11.9 7 37.1 5.8 3 11.9 125.3 25.4 2 11.1 8 59.6 8.3 4 4.5 66.9 9.2 3 9.1 9 232.5 11.2 8 – 217.5 15
   • Tmax · full text, Section 'Effect of curcumin coadministration on t':TU alone (T) and TU with curcumin arms (T+C) were compared using a paired t test, with ∗P value = .0465 and $P value = .0506.Table 1Observed pharmacokinetic parameters of oral TU with and without curcumin coadministration in men with experimental hypogonadismSubject IDTU AloneTU with CurcuminAUC0–24 (ng·h/mL)Cmax(0–24)(ng/mL)Tmax(0–24) (h)t1/2 (h)AUC0–24 (ng·h/mL)Cmax(0–24)(ng/mL)Tmax(0–24) (h)t1/
   • AUC · full text, Table 1:cokinetic parameters of oral TU with and without curcumin coadministration in men with experimental hypogonadism Subject ID TU Alone TU with Curcumin AUC0–24 (ng·h/mL) Cmax(0–24)(ng/mL) Tmax(0–24) (h) t1/2 (h) AUC0–24 (ng·h/mL) Cmax(0–24)(ng/mL) Tmax(0–24) (h) t1/2 (h) 3 221.9 22.5 4 16.2 332.4 39.2 3 8.5 5 176.8 12.8 4 7.8 173.8 17.7 3 11.9 7 37.1 5.8 3 11.9 125.3 25.4 2 11.1 8 59.6 8.3 4 4.5 66.
   • AUC · full text, Section 'Effect of curcumin coadministration on t':As a result, the average testosterone AUC0–24h and Cmax in the TU alone arm were 146 ng·h/mL and 12 ng/mL, respectively, which were significantly (P < .05, Wilcoxon test) higher than the physiological levels (Fig. 5A, Table 1).
   • AUC · full text, Section 'Effect of curcumin coadministration on t':Furthermore, curcumin coadministration showed a variable 1.3- and 1.8-fold increase in the average AUCR0–24h (Fig. 6A) and CmaxR (Fig. 6C) data of testosterone, respectively, where Cmax was statistically significant (P < .05, Wilcoxon test).
   • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'Effect of curcumin coadministration on t':Furthermore, curcumin coadministration showed a variable 1.3- and 1.8-fold increase in the average AUCR0–24h (Fig. 6A) and CmaxR (Fig. 6C) data of testosterone, respectively, where Cmax was statistically significant (P < .05, Wilcoxon test).
   • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'Effect of curcumin coadministration on t':However, high variability in curcumin-mediated increase in testosterone exposure was noted where 3 subjects showed up to 3- and 4-fold difference in AUC0–24h and Cmax (Fig. 5, B, D, and E), whereas the difference in the Cmax and AUC0–24h was below 40% in 2 subjects (Fig. 5, C and F).
   • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'Effect of curcumin coadministration on t':Unlike AUC1–24h, the partial AUC for 6 hours (AUCR1–6h) for testosterone showed a statistically significant (P < .05, Wilcoxon test) increase of 1.5-fold with the coadministration of curcumin with TU (Fig. 6B).
7. HumanPharmacokinetic Analysis of the Bioavailability of AQUATURM®, a Water-Soluble Curcumin Formulation, in Comparison to a Conventional Curcumin Tablet, in Human Subjects.
   Pharmaceuticals (Basel), 2025 · Design: randomized; crossover; double-blind · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
   PMID 40732360DOI 10.3390/ph18071073PMC12298949 (free full text)
   Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
   • Key findings · abstract:Results: AQUATURM® achieved a significantly higher systemic exposure compared to the comparator, with a more than 7-fold increase in area under the curve (AUC0-12h) and higher peak plasma concentrations (Cmax).
   • Cmax · abstract:Results: AQUATURM® achieved a significantly higher systemic exposure compared to the comparator, with a more than 7-fold increase in area under the curve (AUC0-12h) and higher peak plasma concentrations (Cmax).
   • AUC · abstract:Results: AQUATURM® achieved a significantly higher systemic exposure compared to the comparator, with a more than 7-fold increase in area under the curve (AUC0-12h) and higher peak plasma concentrations (Cmax).
   • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Results: AQUATURM® achieved a significantly higher systemic exposure compared to the comparator, with a more than 7-fold increase in area under the curve (AUC0-12h) and higher peak plasma concentrations (Cmax).
   • Cmax · full text, Table 1:(A) Comparison of the area under the curve between 0 and 12 h (AUC 12h). (B) Comparison of the maximal concentration (Cmax). (A) Curcuminoid AQUATURM® (AUC12h) Control Curcumin Tablet (AUC12h) Ratio of AUCs (Drug/Control) Significance Curcumin 167.7 22.85 7.33 <0.001 DMC 8.70 0.85 10.2 <0.001 BDMC 2.17 1.36 1.59 <0.001 Total Curcuminoids 178.5 25.1 7.12 <0
   • AUC · full text, Table 1:(A) Comparison of the area under the curve between 0 and 12 h (AUC 12h). (B) Comparison of the maximal concentration (Cmax). (A) Curcuminoid AQUATURM® (AUC12h) Control Curcumin Tablet (AUC12h) Ratio of AUCs (Drug/Control) Significance Curcumin 167.7 22.85 7.33 <0.001 DMC
   • AUC · full text, Section '2. Results':When the AUC was calculated, AQUATURM® demonstrated a 7.3 times superior bioavailability than that of the Control Curcumin Supplement for curcumin and was in the same range for the other minor curcuminoids (Table 1A).
8. HumanAn in vitro study of oral bioavailability of lupin stabilized nanocarriers for curcumin.
   Food Chem, 2025 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (hybrid)
   PMID 39667234DOI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.142384
   Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
   • Key findings · abstract:In this study, the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of curcumin encapsulated into different lupin protein isolate-based carriers was evaluated by coupling an in vitro gastrointestinal digestion (INFOGEST) with an in vitro co-culture absorption model, Caco-2/HT29-MTX, consisting of both absorptive and mucus producing cells.
9. HumanSustainably derived turmeric nanoparticles enhance gastrointestinal bioavailability of curcumin.
   Food Res Int, 2025 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (hybrid)
   PMID 40922183DOI 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.117122
   Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
   • Key findings · abstract:Turmeric nanoparticles (∼0.11 μm) were formulated using the raw-to-nano strategy and incorporated into nanoemulsions as a food model.
   • Key findings · abstract:Turmeric nanoparticles exhibited significant size increases in different digestion phases, particularly in the gastric phase (pH 3), whereas their size remained stable when incorporated into nanoemulsions.
   • Key findings · abstract:Additionally, the bioaccessibility of curcumin in turmeric nanoparticles (∼66.8 %) was markedly higher than curcumin crystals (∼9.0 %) due to nano-encapsulation in mixed micelles, while curcumin from crystals largely remained in sediments, limiting absorpt[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
10. HumanNanohydrogel of Curcumin/Berberine Co-Crystals Induces Apoptosis via Dual Covalent/Noncovalent Inhibition of Caspases in Endometrial Cancer Cell Lines: The Synergy Between Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics.
    J Mol Recognit, 2025 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (hybrid)
    PMID 40098247DOI 10.1002/jmr.70004PMC11914374 (free full text)
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Drug Release of CUR‐BBR From CUR‐BBR/CSN':After 48 h, CUR‐BBR/CSNH achieved 93.69% release, compared to 70.55% for CUR‐BBR, marking an approximate 23% improvement in drug release.
11. HumanDesigning Curcumin Particles with Improved Bioactivity and Bioavailability Using Aerogels and Supercritical Fluid Technology.
    ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2025 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 40125824DOI 10.1021/acsami.4c17001
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:This study aimed at increasing the bioavailability of CUR by forming first-of-its-kind low-crystallinity curcumin particles using nanoporous starch aerogels and supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2).
    • Key findings · abstract:Moreover, in vitro gastrointestinal digest experiments revealed ∼30 times higher bioaccessibility for curcumin impregnated at 120 °C compared to that of native curcumin.
    • Key findings · abstract:The optimal SC-CO2-assisted impregnation condition for curcumin crystallinity and bioavailability was determined to be an impregnation temperature of 120 °C and a curcumin-to-aerogel ratio of 1 to 9.
12. HumanFructose-modified chitosan-based coassemblies reinforced oral bioavailability of egg white oligopeptides and curcumin via glucose transporter 2-oriented transcytosis and preferable mucus permeation.
    Food Res Int, 2025 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (hybrid)
    PMID 40058919DOI 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.116065
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:Notably, the outer Fru-CS-coated coassemblies could dramatically improve the intact absorption efficiency (2.5-7.9 times) of nutraceuticals mainly via GLUT2-oriented transcytosis and cooperate with BA-γ-CD to achieve better gastrointestinal retention and mucus permeation.
13. HumanA full-spectrum Boswellia serrata extract with enhanced bioavailability, and its co-delivered system with curcumin alleviate pain and stiffness associated with moderate spondylitis: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled, 3-arm study.
    Front Pharmacol, 2025 · Design: randomized; double-blind · n: 105 participants · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
    PMID 40667507DOI 10.3389/fphar.2025.1577429PMC12260406 (free full text)PDF
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Form comparison · full text, Section '3.2.1.1 Placebo vs. F-BSE':The total BASDAI score showed significant improvement in F-BSE compared to both placebo and baseline: treatment effect size: 0.850 [F (2, 62) = 169.58, 95% CI: 3.114, 3.282; p < 0.001], time effect size: 0.882 [F (2, 62) = 108.71, 95% CI: 2.942, 3.169; p < 0.001], and treatment × time effect size: 0.868 [F (2, 62) = 95.45, 95% CI: 2.165, 2.522; p < 0.001] (Table 3;
    • Form comparison · full text, Section '3.2.1.1 Placebo vs. F-BSE':The percentage reduction with respect to the baseline was found to increase from 15.72% on day 14 (p < 0.001) to 43.58% by day 28 (p < 0.001) and by 40.15% compared to that of the placebo (p < 0.001) [Supplementary Table S2A, B].
    • Form comparison · full text, Section '3.2.1.1 Placebo vs. F-BSE':The relative decrease from baseline was 11.68% (day 14) to 40.14% (p < 0.001) by day 28 and 38.34% (p < 0.001) compared to that of placebo [Supplementary Table S2A,B].
14. HumanMolecular docking and pharmacokinetic properties of chrysin, indole-3-carbinol, and curcumin in the biological context of Plasmodium falciparum 3D7.
    J Vector Borne Dis, 2025 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (gold)
    PMID 39953857DOI 10.4103/jvbd.jvbd_182_24
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
15. HumanThe dissolution and bioavailability of curcumin reinforced by loading into porous starch under solvent evaporation.
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2025 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 39662552DOI 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.138611
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:Notably, the saturated solubility of curcumin in CU/PS in ionized water, ethanol, and acetic acid was 17.81×, 31.65×, and 26.53× greater than that of raw curcumin, respectively.
    • Key findings · abstract:In particular, it could slowly dissolve in simulated intestinal fluids and exhibited a higher cumulative dissociation (about 6 times that of raw curcumin).
    • Key findings · abstract:In vitro experiments using a colon adenocarcinoma cell line confirmed that curcumin loaded with porous starch enhanced cellular uptake and reduced IC50 of raw curcumin by 55 times.
16. HumanCurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin inhibit glucose and enhance fructose absorption in differentiated Caco-2 cells, while dibenzoylmethane inhibits glucose absorption.
    Food Res Int, 2025 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (hybrid)
    PMID 41606929DOI 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.117186
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:We investigated the potential of curcuminoids to modulate glucose and fructose absorption and expression of saccharide transporters SGLT1 and GLUT5 in differentiated Caco-2 cells.
    • Key findings · abstract:Dibenzoylmethane reduced glucose absorption by 50 % and SGLT1 expression by 45 %.
    • Key findings · abstract:Curcumin decreased glucose absorption by 72 % and SGLT1 expression by 25 %.
    • Key findings · abstract:Bisdemethoxycurcumin led to a 37 % reduction in glucose absorption and an 80 % decrease in SGLT1 expression.
    • Key findings · abstract:Higher glucose-to-fructose ratios reduced curcumin's inhibitory effect on glucose absorption by 15 %, but did not affect fructose absorption stim[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
17. HumanComparative Pharmacokinetics of Curcuminoids from Water-Dispersible Turmeric Extract Against a Curcuminoids-Piperine Combination: An Open-Label, Randomized, Balanced, 2-Treatment, 2-Sequence, 2-Period Crossover Study.
    Altern Ther Health Med, 2024 · Design: randomized · abstract only (PubMed) · unknown
    PMID 38702159
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:This study was conducted to compare the bioavailability of a natural, water-dispersible turmeric extract containing 60% natural curcuminoids, the test product, WDTE60N (1 × 250 mg per day), with the reference product, turmeric extract capsules (500 mg curcuminoids and 5 mg piperine, CPC; 3 × 500 mg per day).
    • Key findings · abstract:RESULTS: The Cmax (GLSM) for the test product WDTE60N was observed to be 74.56 ng/mL; and same for the reference CPC was 22.75 ng/mL.
    • Key findings · abstract:AUC0-t (GLSM) for test WDTE60N was 419.00 h∙ng/mL; and for reference CPC it was 359.86 h∙ng/mL for total curcuminoids.
    • Key findings · abstract:CONCLUSION: The test formulatio[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
    • Cmax · abstract:RESULTS: The Cmax (GLSM) for the test product WDTE60N was observed to be 74.56 ng/mL; and same for the reference CPC was 22.75 ng/mL.
    • AUC · abstract:AUC0-t (GLSM) for test WDTE60N was 419.00 h∙ng/mL; and for reference CPC it was 359.86 h∙ng/mL for total curcuminoids.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:CONCLUSION: The test formulation WDTE60N showed improved relative absorption and equivalent exposure at a 10-fold-lower dose of actives than the reference formulation CPC.
    • Food effect · abstract:METHODS: Sixteen healthy adult male subjects fasted overnight for 10 hours and then were dosed with either one capsule of the test product WDTE60N or three capsules of reference product CPC orally (One capsule administered at every 6 hours interval i.e. at 0.00 hrs, 6.00 hrs and at 12.00 hrs) in each study period.
18. HumanDual strategy to improve the oral bioavailability of efavirenz employing nanomicelles and curcumin as a bio-enhancer.
    Int J Pharm, 2024 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 38142017DOI 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123734
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:Apparent aqueous solubility was increased up to ∼1250-fold and 25,000-fold for EFV and CUR, respectively.
    • Key findings · abstract:A CUR concentration of 15 mg/mL produced a significant (p < 0.05) increment (2.64-fold) of relative EFV oral bioavailability.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Apparent aqueous solubility was increased up to ∼1250-fold and 25,000-fold for EFV and CUR, respectively.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:A CUR concentration of 15 mg/mL produced a significant (p < 0.05) increment (2.64-fold) of relative EFV oral bioavailability.
19. HumanMind the Particle Rigidity: Blooms the Bioavailability via Rapidly Crossing the Mucus Layer and Alters the Intracellular Fate of Curcumin.
    ACS Nano, 2024 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 39297569DOI 10.1021/acsnano.4c09838
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:Increased particle rigidity generally improved the absorption of CUR, with medium-rigidity SPNPs bloomed maximum plasma concentration of CUR by 80.62-fold and showed the highest oral bioavailability.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Increased particle rigidity generally improved the absorption of CUR, with medium-rigidity SPNPs bloomed maximum plasma concentration of CUR by 80.62-fold and showed the highest oral bioavailability.
20. HumanGreen and single-step simultaneous composite starch aerogel formation-high bioavailability curcumin particle formation.
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2024 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (bronze)
    PMID 38311127DOI 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129945
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:The loading of curcumin in the aerogels significantly enhanced the bioaccessibility of curcumin in the simulated gastrointestinal fluid by almost 30-fold when compared to the unloaded curcumin.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The loading of curcumin in the aerogels significantly enhanced the bioaccessibility of curcumin in the simulated gastrointestinal fluid by almost 30-fold when compared to the unloaded curcumin.
21. HumanAssessment of enhancing curcumin's solubility versus uptake on its anti-cancer efficacy.
    Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 2024 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 39018909DOI 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114090
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:Both nano-formulations were characterized, and CUR dissolution, release, cytotoxicity, IC50, and cellular uptake were assessed.
    • Key findings · abstract:NF showed a rapid CUR release and increased solubility by 16-38 fold.
    • Key findings · abstract:In contrast, NP sustained CUR release and resulted in only a 2-fold increase in solubility.
    • Key findings · abstract:However, CUR NP demonstrated higher cell toxicity (70-80 %) than CUR NF (60 %) and reduced IC50 up to 4 μM compared to 11 μM for NF.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:NF showed a rapid CUR release and increased solubility by 16-38 fold.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:In contrast, NP sustained CUR release and resulted in only a 2-fold increase in solubility.
22. HumanBioavailability of Oral Curcumin in Systematic Reviews: A Methodological Study.
    Pharmaceuticals (Basel), 2024 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
    PMID 38399379DOI 10.3390/ph17020164PMC10891944 (free full text)
    Verification: full text read; no PK numbers matched
    • Key findings · abstract:However, more reviews mentioned bioavailability in their discussion (57%) or conclusion (13%).
23. HumanEnhanced bioavailability of curcumin amorphous nanocomposite prepared by a green process using modified starch.
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2024 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 38729473DOI 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132210
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
24. HumanBiocompatible Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Nanocapsules Enhance the Bioavailability, Antibacterial, and Immunomodulatory Activities of Curcumin.
    Int J Mol Sci, 2024 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
    PMID 39409022DOI 10.3390/ijms251910692PMC11476408 (free full text)
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Form comparison · full text, Section '2.7. Antibacterial Activity of Curcumin-':In the latter case, a reduction in one dilution factor (MIC 31.25 µg/mL) was shown compared to unencapsulated Gen (MIC 62.50 µg/mL).
    • Form comparison · full text, Section '2.9. Effect of Curcumin and Curcumin-Nan':At 24 h, the treatment of ADSCs with Cur-NCs determined a significant increment of cell viability compared to the Control and Cur.
    • Form comparison · full text, Section '2.9. Effect of Curcumin and Curcumin-Nan':At 48 h, a significant increment in cell viability was observed when ASCs were exposed to Cur-NCs compared to both Control and Cur.
25. HumanIncreasing the bioavailability of curcumin using a green supercritical fluid technology-assisted approach based on simultaneous starch aerogel formation-curcumin impregnation.
    Food Chem, 2024 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (bronze)
    PMID 38850979DOI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139468
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:Caco-2 cell permeation studies revealed superior bioavailability of curcumin from the curcumin-loaded aerogels.
26. HumanEnhancement of Solubility, Stability, Cellular Uptake, and Bioactivity of Curcumin by Polyvinyl Alcohol.
    Int J Mol Sci, 2024 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
    PMID 38892468DOI 10.3390/ijms25116278PMC11172464 (free full text)
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Key findings · abstract:PVA improved the cellular uptake of curcumin in a concentration-dependent manner in INT 407 cells; it increased the cellular levels more effectively at lower curcumin treatment concentrations.
    • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section '2.3. Changes in Antioxidant Activity of ':The NO scavenging activity of curcumin increased ~2-fold in the presence of 1 mg/mL PVA (Figure 3D).
    • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section '2.4. Effects of PVA on Solution Stabilit':The reduction of particle size in curcumin solution by PVA was particularly pronounced in DW and RPMI 1640 media; a 3.7- and 8.5-fold reduction in average particle size, respectively, was observed even with the addition of 125 μg/mL PVA (Figure 4C).
    • Form comparison · full text, Section '2.3. Changes in Antioxidant Activity of ':While PVA had no effect on the curcumin activity in MeOH, significantly enhanced activity of curcumin in DW was observed in the presence of 125 μg/mL PVA as compared to one without PVA (Figure 3A,B).
    • Form comparison · full text, Section '2.4. Effects of PVA on Solution Stabilit':After centrifuging the curcumin solution at 14,000 RCF for 10 min, the absorbance of the solution was compared to that before centrifugation; the peak absorbance of the curcumin solution at 420 nm decreased by 58% after the centrifugation.
27. HumanCharacterization, in vitro elderly digestion, and organoids cell uptake of curcumin-loaded nanoparticles.
    Food Chem, 2024 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 38959794DOI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140292
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:The loading capacity of curcumin-loaded nanoparticles prepared from OSA starch (HI), sodium caseinate (SC) and OSA starch‑sodium caseinate (HS) were all higher than 15%.
    • Key findings · abstract:Meanwhile, the transport efficiency of curcumin for HI, SC, and HS increased significantly than the free curcumin (near 1-fold), and the permeability were 1.9, 2.0, and 2.0 times, respectively.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Meanwhile, the transport efficiency of curcumin for HI, SC, and HS increased significantly than the free curcumin (near 1-fold), and the permeability were 1.9, 2.0, and 2.0 times, respectively.
28. HumanEffects of Highly Bioavailable Curcumin Supplementation on Common Cold Symptoms and Immune and Inflammatory Functions in Healthy Japanese Subjects: A Randomized Controlled Study.
    J Diet Suppl, 2024 · Design: randomized; double-blind · n: n = 33 · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (hybrid)
    PMID 36927282DOI 10.1080/19390211.2023.2185723
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:This study aimed to investigate the effects of 12-week consumption of highly bioavailable curcumin (150 mg/day of Theracurmin Super [TS-P1] or Theracurmin [CR-033P]) on common cold symptoms, immune function, and inflammatory markers.
    • Key findings · abstract:Consumption of highly bioavailable curcumin, TS-P1 or CR-033P (150 mg/day), for 12 weeks reduced the number of days for which common cold symptoms persisted in healthy Japanese adults.
29. HumanTwo-Stage Supramolecular Self-Assembly-Directed Collagen-Peptide-Decorated Liposomal Complexes of Curcumin Microspheres with Enhanced Solubility and Bioavailability.
    ACS Omega, 2023 · Design: randomized; double-blind · n: n = 15 · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
    PMID 37521668DOI 10.1021/acsomega.3c02530PMC10372937 (free full text)
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Key findings · abstract:The present study reports a two-stage supramolecular self-assembly-directed process for the preparation of collagen peptide-decorated liposomal complexes of curcumin (CCL) [10% (w/w)] as microspheres (125 ± 25 μm) with improved solubility (1.46 × 105-fold) and sustained-release properties under gastrointestinal pH conditions.
    • Key findings · abstract:Further investigation of pharmacokinetics following a randomized double-blinded controlled trial on healthy volunteers (n = 15) demonstrated that the oral administration of 2.5 g of CCL sachet (250 mg of curcumin) enhanced the plasma concentration (Cmax: 118 vs. 4.3 ng/[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
    • Cmax · abstract:Further investigation of pharmacokinetics following a randomized double-blinded controlled trial on healthy volunteers (n = 15) demonstrated that the oral administration of 2.5 g of CCL sachet (250 mg of curcumin) enhanced the plasma concentration (Cmax: 118 vs. 4.3 ng/mL), the elimination half-life (4.2 vs. 0.7 h), and bioavailability as per the area under the curve over 12 h [AUC0-12h (CCL) = 506·8 vs.
    • AUC · abstract:Further investigation of pharmacokinetics following a randomized double-blinded controlled trial on healthy volunteers (n = 15) demonstrated that the oral administration of 2.5 g of CCL sachet (250 mg of curcumin) enhanced the plasma concentration (Cmax: 118 vs. 4.3 ng/mL), the elimination half-life (4.2 vs. 0.7 h), and bioavailability as per the area under the curve over 12 h [AUC0-12h (CCL) = 506·8 vs.
    • AUC · abstract:AUC0-12h (C95) = 9.47 (53-fold)], when the plasma concentration of curcumin was estimated with triple quadruple tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS).
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The present study reports a two-stage supramolecular self-assembly-directed process for the preparation of collagen peptide-decorated liposomal complexes of curcumin (CCL) [10% (w/w)] as microspheres (125 ± 25 μm) with improved solubility (1.46 × 105-fold) and sustained-release properties under gastrointestinal pH conditions.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:AUC0-12h (C95) = 9.47 (53-fold)], when the plasma concentration of curcumin was estimated with triple quadruple tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS).
    • Cmax · full text, Section 'Human Pharmacokinetic Studies of CCL':From the plot, pharmacokinetic parameters comprising the maximum curcumin concentration in the blood (Cmax), the time taken to reach the maximum concentration (Tmax) and the concentration of curcumin in the blood after 12 h (C12max), the area under the curve (AUC), and the elimination half-life (T1/2) were calculated (Table 1).
    • Tmax · full text, Section 'Human Pharmacokinetic Studies of CCL':From the plot, pharmacokinetic parameters comprising the maximum curcumin concentration in the blood (Cmax), the time taken to reach the maximum concentration (Tmax) and the concentration of curcumin in the blood after 12 h (C12max), the area under the curve (AUC), and the elimination half-life (T1/2) were calculated (Table 1).
    • AUC · full text, Section 'Human Pharmacokinetic Studies of CCL':From the plot, pharmacokinetic parameters comprising the maximum curcumin concentration in the blood (Cmax), the time taken to reach the maximum concentration (Tmax) and the concentration of curcumin in the blood after 12 h (C12max), the area under the curve (AUC), and the elimination half-life (T1/2) were calculated (Table 1).
    • AUC · full text, Section 'Human Pharmacokinetic Studies of CCL':From AUC0–12h, it was observed that CCL exhibited 53-fold enhancement in bioavailability of curcumin compared to the standard curcumin (C95).
    • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'Human Pharmacokinetic Studies of CCL':From AUC0–12h, it was observed that CCL exhibited 53-fold enhancement in bioavailability of curcumin compared to the standard curcumin (C95).
    • Food effect · full text, Section 'Human Pharmacokinetic Study':During the study day, participants were asked to report at the study center following a ≥10 h overnight fasting and were provided with an oral dose of 2.5 g of CCL/unformulated C95 containing 10.2% of curcuminoids as a ready-to-drink sachet.
    • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Solubility and Encapsulation Efficiency':In order to evaluate the encapsulation efficiency (EE) (the percentage of drug incorporated into the matrix compared to the initial amount taken for encapsulation) of CCL, 100 mg of CCL was dissolved in 100 mL of water with the help of a bath sonicator for about 5 min.
    • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Human Pharmacokinetic Studies of CCL':In the present study, supplementation of CCL (2.5 g of CCL contained 250 mg of curcumin and 1825 mg of CPs) produced a significantly high concentration of curcumin in plasma for 12 h, compared to the unformulated standard curcumin as evident from the plasma concentration versus time plot (Figure 5).
30. HumanA novel solvent-free co-grinding preparation improves curcumin bioavailability in healthy volunteers: A single-center crossover study.
    Heliyon, 2023 · Design: crossover · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
    PMID 36685407DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e12829PMC9852671 (free full text)
    Verification: full text read; no PK numbers matched
    • Key findings · abstract:The purpose of this study was to evaluate CUMINUP60®, a novel preparation utilizing a solvent-free, co-grinding method designed to improve curcumin's bioavailability.
    • Key findings · abstract:We performed a single-center crossover experiment to compare the new product with standard 95% curcumin in the blood plasma of twelve healthy adults (10 males, 2 females).
    • Key findings · abstract:Total bioavailability of curcumin and its sulfate and glucuronide conjugates from the test product, measured by their areas under the curve over 12 h (AUC0-T), showed a combined increase of 178-fold over standard curcumin and its conjugates from the referen[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
    • AUC · abstract:Total bioavailability of curcumin and its sulfate and glucuronide conjugates from the test product, measured by their areas under the curve over 12 h (AUC0-T), showed a combined increase of 178-fold over standard curcumin and its conjugates from the reference product.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Total bioavailability of curcumin and its sulfate and glucuronide conjugates from the test product, measured by their areas under the curve over 12 h (AUC0-T), showed a combined increase of 178-fold over standard curcumin and its conjugates from the reference product.
31. HumanMolecular Docking, Pharmacokinetic and Molecular Simulation Analysis of Novel Mono-Carbonyl Curcumin Analogs as L858R/T790M/C797S Mutant EGFR Inhibitors.
    Chem Biodivers, 2023 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (bronze)
    PMID 37793119DOI 10.1002/cbdv.202301081
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:RESULT AND DISCUSSION: In molecular docking studies, NMEs 1, 2, and 3 were found to have good binding affinity with 1st , 2nd , and 3rd generation EGFR crystal structures and a greater dock score than standard curcumin.
32. HumanDevelopment of a rapid, sensitive, and selective LC-MS/MS method for quantifying curcumin levels in healthy human urine: Effect of pepper on curcumin bioavailability.
    Food Sci Nutr, 2023 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (hybrid)
    PMID 38107126DOI 10.1002/fsn3.3691PMC10724617 (free full text)
    Verification: full text read; no PK numbers matched
    • Key findings · abstract:Urine samples were collected for 24 hours and analyzed for CCM excretion.
    • Key findings · abstract:The CCM 24-h urinary excreted amount was higher in individuals consuming CCM + pepper (218.14 ± 94.98 μg) than those who received CCM only (49.45 ± 12.94 μg).
    • Food effect · abstract:Healthy volunteers have consumed test meals of CCM as turmeric powder with and without black pepper with 1 week wash out.
33. HumanCurcumin suppresses cell proliferation and reduces cholesterol absorption in Caco-2 cells by activating the TRPA1 channel.
    Lipids Health Dis, 2023 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
    PMID 36641489DOI 10.1186/s12944-022-01750-7PMC9840307 (free full text)PDF
    Verification: full text read; no PK numbers matched
    • Key findings · abstract:Activation of the TRPA1 channel led to increased intracellular calcium, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) upregulation, and the subsequent downregulation of the specificity protein-1 (SP-1)/sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2 (SREBP-2)/Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1) signaling pathway-related proteins, and finally reduced cholesterol absorption in Caco-2 cells.
    • Key findings · abstract:CONCLUSIONS: Cur inhibits cell proliferation and reduces cholesterol absorption in Caco-2 cells through the Ca2+/PPARγ/SP-1/SREBP-2/NPC1L1 signaling by activating the TRPA1 channel, suggesting that Cur c[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
34. HumanSuperior Bioavailability of a Novel Curcumin Formulation in Healthy Humans Under Fasting Conditions.
    Adv Ther, 2022 · Design: randomized; crossover; double-blind · n: 24 healthy volunteers · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (hybrid)
    PMID 35294738DOI 10.1007/s12325-022-02081-wPMC9056459 (free full text)
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Key findings · abstract:Here we report a novel curcumin formulation, Curcuwin Ultra+ (CU+), with superior bioavailability as compared to 95% turmeric extract (TUR 1800).
    • Key findings · abstract:METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, three-treatment, crossover oral bioavailability study was conducted in 24 healthy volunteers under fasting conditions.
    • Key findings · abstract:RESULTS: CU+ achieved a significantly higher (p < 0.05) maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and total systemic exposure (AUC0-6 and AUC0-12) for total curcuminoids as compared to TUR 1800.
    • Key findings · abstract:We observed 101 and 100 times higher Cmax respectively for 250 and 500 mg doses of CU+ as compared to 1[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
    • Cmax · abstract:RESULTS: CU+ achieved a significantly higher (p < 0.05) maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and total systemic exposure (AUC0-6 and AUC0-12) for total curcuminoids as compared to TUR 1800.
    • Cmax · abstract:We observed 101 and 100 times higher Cmax respectively for 250 and 500 mg doses of CU+ as compared to 1900 mg of TUR1800.
    • AUC · abstract:RESULTS: CU+ achieved a significantly higher (p < 0.05) maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and total systemic exposure (AUC0-6 and AUC0-12) for total curcuminoids as compared to TUR 1800.
    • AUC · abstract:Similarly, AUC0-6 was 144 and 149 times higher whereas AUC0-12 was 99 and 113 times higher respectively for 250 and 500 mg doses of CU+ as compared to 1900 mg dose of TUR1800.
    • Food effect · abstract:METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, three-treatment, crossover oral bioavailability study was conducted in 24 healthy volunteers under fasting conditions.
    • Cmax · full text, Table:ormulation of curcumin, significantly increases plasma concentration of curcuminoids in human subjects. Curcuwin Ultra+ 250 mg shows 101 times higher Cmax, 144 times higher AUC0–6, and 99 times higher AUC0–12 as compared to 1900 mg of 95% turmeric extract. Curcuwin Ultra+ 500 mg shows 100 times higher Cmax, 149 times higher AUC0–6, and 113 times higher AUC0–12 as compared to 1900 mg of 95% turmeri
    • Cmax · full text, Table 2:Summary of pharmacokinetic results for CU+ 50, CU+ 100, and TUR 1800 Formulation Cmax (ng/ml) 90% CI Relative absorption based on Cmax data Tmax (h) t1/2 (h) AUC0–6 (ng/ml h) 90% CI Relative absorption based on AUC0–6 data AUC0–12 (ng/ml h) 90% CI Relative absorption based on AUC0–12 data Curcumin  TUR 1800 9.85 ± 6.82 – 1 8 9.45 ± 5
    • Cmax · full text, Section 'Sample Size Determinations':A sample size of 18–21 subjects was calculated as sufficient to prove superiority of test versus reference considering 85% power and a significance level of 5% to detect minimum mean difference between Cmax of two groups as 200 ng/mL and SD 120 ng/mL.
    • Tmax · full text, Table 2:Summary of pharmacokinetic results for CU+ 50, CU+ 100, and TUR 1800 Formulation Cmax (ng/ml) 90% CI Relative absorption based on Cmax data Tmax (h) t1/2 (h) AUC0–6 (ng/ml h) 90% CI Relative absorption based on AUC0–6 data AUC0–12 (ng/ml h) 90% CI Relative absorption based on AUC0–12 data Curcumin  TUR 1800 9.85 ± 6.82 – 1 8 9.45 ± 5.25 15.43 ± 30.77 – 1 40.21 ± 44.98 – 1  CU+ 50 28.36 ± 31.
    • AUC · full text, Table:significantly increases plasma concentration of curcuminoids in human subjects. Curcuwin Ultra+ 250 mg shows 101 times higher Cmax, 144 times higher AUC0–6, and 99 times higher AUC0–12 as compared to 1900 mg of 95% turmeric extract. Curcuwin Ultra+ 500 mg shows 100 times higher Cmax, 149 times higher AUC0–6, and 113 times higher AUC0–12 as compared to 1900 mg of 95% turmeric extract. Curcuwin Ultr
    • AUC · full text, Table 2:of pharmacokinetic results for CU+ 50, CU+ 100, and TUR 1800 Formulation Cmax (ng/ml) 90% CI Relative absorption based on Cmax data Tmax (h) t1/2 (h) AUC0–6 (ng/ml h) 90% CI Relative absorption based on AUC0–6 data AUC0–12 (ng/ml h) 90% CI Relative absorption based on AUC0–12 data Curcumin  TUR 1800 9.85 ± 6.82 – 1 8 9.45 ± 5.25 15.43 ± 30.77 – 1 40.21 ± 44.98 – 1  CU+ 50 28.36 ± 31.21* 212.66–389
    • AUC · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics':CU+ 50 showed significantly greater (p < 0.05) relative absorption for TC with 101 times higher Cmax, 144 times higher AUC0–6, and 99 times higher AUC0–12 as compared to TUR 1800 (Table 2).
    • Relative bioavailability · full text, Table:ltra+, a unique formulation of curcumin, significantly increases plasma concentration of curcuminoids in human subjects. Curcuwin Ultra+ 250 mg shows 101 times higher Cmax, 144 times higher AUC0–6, and 99 times higher AUC0–12 as compared to 1900 mg of 95% turmeric extract. Curcuwin Ultra+ 500 mg shows 100 times higher Cmax, 149 times higher AUC0–6, and 113 times higher AUC0–12 as compared to 1900
    • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics':CU+ 50 showed significantly greater (p < 0.05) relative absorption for TC with 101 times higher Cmax, 144 times higher AUC0–6, and 99 times higher AUC0–12 as compared to TUR 1800 (Table 2).
    • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics':Similarly, CU+ 100 showed significantly greater (p < 0.05) relative absorption for TC with 100 times higher Cmax, 149 times higher AUC0–6, and 113 times higher AUC0–12 as compared to TUR 1800 (Table 2).
    • Form comparison · full text, Table:ration of curcuminoids in human subjects. Curcuwin Ultra+ 250 mg shows 101 times higher Cmax, 144 times higher AUC0–6, and 99 times higher AUC0–12 as compared to 1900 mg of 95% turmeric extract. Curcuwin Ultra+ 500 mg shows 100 times higher Cmax, 149 times higher AUC0–6, and 113 times higher AUC0–12 as compared to 1900 mg of 95% turmeric extract. Curcuwin Ultra+ shows 40% faster absorption (p < 0.
    • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Sample Size Determinations':A sample size of 18–21 subjects was calculated as sufficient to prove superiority of test versus reference considering 85% power and a significance level of 5% to detect minimum mean difference between Cmax of two groups as 200 ng/mL and SD 120 ng/mL.
    • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics':Plasma TC concentrations were significantly higher (p < 0.05) for CU+ 50 from 1 to 5 h and CU+ 100 from 0.5 to 12 h as compared to TUR 1800 (Fig. 2).
35. HumanComparative pharmacokinetics of new curcumin preparations and evidence for increased bioavailability in healthy adult participants.
    Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther, 2022 · Design: randomized; crossover; double-blind · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (green)
    PMID 36278294DOI 10.5414/CP204257PMC9685553 (free full text)
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Key findings · abstract:OBJECTIVE: Theracurmin, which contains the curcumin composition, CR-033P, has been demonstrated to be highly bioavailable.
    • Key findings · abstract:Blood sampling was performed 24 hours after capsule administration, and the plasma concentration of total curcumin was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry.
    • Key findings · abstract:RESULTS: TS-P1 and CR-043P tended to have a slightly lower area under the concentration time curve (AUC) 0-24h than CR-033P, while TS-P1 displayed bioequivalence to CR-043P.
    • Key findings · abstract:Further, TS-P1 displayed bioequivalence to CR-033P in terms of AUC0-12h, while that[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
    • Cmax · abstract:A statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) was found between the preparations in terms of Cmax.
    • Cmax · abstract:TS-P1 tended to have a higher Cmax than CR-033P, CR-043P tended to have a slightly lower Cmax than CR-033P, and TS-P1 tended to have a higher Cmax than CR-043P.
    • AUC · abstract:RESULTS: TS-P1 and CR-043P tended to have a slightly lower area under the concentration time curve (AUC) 0-24h than CR-033P, while TS-P1 displayed bioequivalence to CR-043P.
    • AUC · abstract:Further, TS-P1 displayed bioequivalence to CR-033P in terms of AUC0-12h, while that of CR-043P tended to be lower than that of CR-033P.
    • AUC · abstract:TS-P1 had a higher AUC0-12h than CR-043P.
    • Cmax · full text, Table 2.:fter single oral dose of curcumin preparations. Preparation TS-P1 capsule CR-043P capsule CR-033P capsule AUC0–24h AUC0–12h AUC0–24h dose adjusted Cmax tmax T1/2 (complete case) AUC0–24h AUC0–12h AUC0–24h dose adjusted Cmax tmax T1/2 (complete case) AUC0–24h AUC0–12h AUC0–24h dose adjusted Cmax tmax T1/2 (complete case) (ng/mL×h) (ng/mL×h) (ng/mL×h) (ng/mL) (h) (h) (ng/mL×h) (ng/mL×h)
    • Cmax · full text, Table 3.:90% confidence intervals of ratio of geometric means for AUCs and Cmax. Comparison Geometric least squares mean ratio (90% confidence interval) AUC0–24h AUC0–12h AUC0–24h dose adjusted Cmax TS-P1 to CR-033P 0.83 (0.70 – 0.99) 1.02 (0.87 – 1.21) 1.67 (1.40 – 1.98) 1.54 (1.23 – 1.93) CR-043P to CR-033P 0.88 (0.74 – 1
    • Tmax · full text, Table 2.:ingle oral dose of curcumin preparations. Preparation TS-P1 capsule CR-043P capsule CR-033P capsule AUC0–24h AUC0–12h AUC0–24h dose adjusted Cmax tmax T1/2 (complete case) AUC0–24h AUC0–12h AUC0–24h dose adjusted Cmax tmax T1/2 (complete case) AUC0–24h AUC0–12h AUC0–24h dose adjusted Cmax tmax T1/2 (complete case) (ng/mL×h) (ng/mL×h) (ng/mL×h) (ng/mL) (h) (h) (ng/mL×h) (ng/mL×h) (ng/m
    • AUC · full text, Table 2.:Pharmacokinetic parameters after single oral dose of curcumin preparations. Preparation TS-P1 capsule CR-043P capsule CR-033P capsule AUC0–24h AUC0–12h AUC0–24h dose adjusted Cmax tmax T1/2 (complete case) AUC0–24h AUC0–12h AUC0–24h dose adjusted Cmax tmax T1/2 (complete case) AUC0–24h AUC0–12h AUC0–24h dose adjusted Cmax tmax T1/2 (complete case) (ng/mL×h) (ng/mL×h) (ng/m
    • AUC · full text, Table 3.:90% confidence intervals of ratio of geometric means for AUCs and Cmax. Comparison Geometric least squares mean ratio (90% confidence interval) AUC0–24h AUC0–12h AUC0–24h dose adjusted Cmax TS-P1 to CR-033P 0.83 (0.70 – 0.99) 1.02 (0.87 – 1.21) 1.67 (1.40 – 1.98) 1.54 (1.23 – 1.93) CR-043P to CR-033P 0.88
    • AUC · full text, Section 'Conclusion ':TS-P1 tended to have a lower AUC0–24h than CR-033P; however, its AUC0–24h displayed bioequivalence to that of CR-043P.
36. HumanPharmacokinetics of a single dose of novel curcumin formulations mixed with fish oils in healthy humans.
    Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 2022 · Design: randomized; crossover · n: 10 healthy subjects · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (hybrid)
    PMID 36195320DOI 10.1093/bbb/zbac161
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:The dose-normalized AUC0-8h of curcumin was significantly higher for SLCP (2.2-fold), CSQU (2.3-fold) and CDHA (2.8-fold) than for StdC.
    • Key findings · abstract:The dose-normalized AUC0-8h of DMC and BDMC did not significantly change, but their Tmax was significantly shortened for SLCP, CSQU, and CDHA.
    • Tmax · abstract:The dose-normalized AUC0-8h of DMC and BDMC did not significantly change, but their Tmax was significantly shortened for SLCP, CSQU, and CDHA.
    • AUC · abstract:The dose-normalized AUC0-8h of curcumin was significantly higher for SLCP (2.2-fold), CSQU (2.3-fold) and CDHA (2.8-fold) than for StdC.
    • AUC · abstract:The dose-normalized AUC0-8h of DMC and BDMC did not significantly change, but their Tmax was significantly shortened for SLCP, CSQU, and CDHA.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The dose-normalized AUC0-8h of curcumin was significantly higher for SLCP (2.2-fold), CSQU (2.3-fold) and CDHA (2.8-fold) than for StdC.
37. HumanMicellar Curcumin: Pharmacokinetics and Effects on Inflammation Markers and PCSK-9 Concentrations in Healthy Subjects in a Double-Blind, Randomized, Active-Controlled, Crossover Trial.
    Mol Nutr Food Res, 2022 · Design: randomized; crossover; double-blind · n: 15 healthy volunteers · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (hybrid)
    PMID 36101515DOI 10.1002/mnfr.202200139PMC9787856 (free full text)
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Key findings · abstract:The study hypothesizes that the bioavailability of micellar curcumin is superior to native curcumin and investigates the potential anti-inflammatory and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) concentration lowering effects.
    • Key findings · abstract:Micellar curcumin demonstrates improved bioavailability (≈39-fold higher maximum concentrations, ≈14-fold higher area-under-the-time-concentration curve, p < 0.001) but does not reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines in the chosen model.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Micellar curcumin demonstrates improved bioavailability (≈39-fold higher maximum concentrations, ≈14-fold higher area-under-the-time-concentration curve, p < 0.001) but does not reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines in the chosen model.
    • AUC · full text, Table 1:3.1 ± 2.0** 0.83 ± 1.2* 13.2 ± 8.0** T max [h] 0.7 ± 0.3** 0.7 ± 0.3* 0.87 ± 0.40* 0.73 ± 0.32* 4.57 ± 2.80** 4.03 ± 3.21* 2.17 ± 2.19* 4.1 ± 2.97* AUC 652.2 ± 318.7** 101.0 ± 72.8** 9.7 ± 14.2 762.9 ± 376.1** 39.7 ± 21.2** 11.5 ± 8.3** 2.5 ± 2.8 53.7 ± 29.9**
    • AUC · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics':The higher bioavailability of micellar relative to native curcumin was also reflected by a 14‐fold higher area under the curve (762.9 nmol L−1 h−1 respectively 53.7 nmol L−1 h−1, p < 0.001;
    • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Effects on TNF‐α, IL‐6, and PCSK9':Micellar curcumin, but not native curcumin, reduced plasma PCSK9 concentrations on day 7 compared to baseline by approximately 10% (p = 0.038, Figure 4 ).
    • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Effects on TNF‐α, IL‐6, and PCSK9':PCSK9 concentrations were approximately 40% higher in hyperlipidemic patients when compared to baseline values from the healthy controls in this study.
38. HumanCo-encapsulation of Egg-White-Derived Peptides (EWDP) and Curcumin within the Polysaccharide-Based Amphiphilic Nanoparticles for Promising Oral Bioavailability Enhancement: Role of EWDP.
    J Agric Food Chem, 2022 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 35412315DOI 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c08186
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:Besides, the overall antioxidant activity, bioaccessibility, gastrointestinal stability, and Caco-2 cell absorption properties were significantly improved in the presence of EWDP (>20% increase).
39. HumanImpact of excipient emulsions made from different types of oils on the bioavailability and metabolism of curcumin in gastrointestinal tract.
    Food Chem, 2022 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (bronze)
    PMID 34628238DOI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130980
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
40. HumanInfluence of Hydrophobic Side-Chain Length in Amphiphilic Gradient Copoly(2-oxazoline)s on the Therapeutics Loading, Stability, Cellular Uptake and Pharmacokinetics of Nano-Formulation with Curcumin.
    Pharmaceutics, 2022 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
    PMID 36559069DOI 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122576PMC9781838 (free full text)
    Verification: full text read; no PK numbers matched
    • Key findings · abstract:The present study demonstrates how minor changes in the molecular structure of gradient copoly(2-oxazoline)s can lead to significant differences in the loading, stability, cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, and pharmacokinetics of nano-formulations containing curcumin.
41. HumanSurfactin effectively improves bioavailability of curcumin by formation of nano-capsulation.
    Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 2022 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 35490540DOI 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112521
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:Simulated gastrointestinal digestion results indicated that surfactin elevated the sustained-release characteristics and higher bioaccessibility (40.92 ± 2.84%) of curcumin.
42. HumanUptake and time-dependent subcellular localization of native and micellar curcumin in intestinal cells.
    Biofactors, 2022 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (hybrid)
    PMID 35170815DOI 10.1002/biof.1828
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:The incorporation of curcumin into polysorbate 80 micelles improves its naturally low oral bioavailability in humans.
    • Key findings · abstract:Differentiated Caco-2 cells were incubated with 200 μmol/L native or micellar curcumin for up to 180 min and cellular uptake was quantified.
43. HumanIncreasing Cellular Uptake and Permeation of Curcumin Using a Novel Polymer-Surfactant Formulation.
    Biomolecules, 2022 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
    PMID 36551167DOI 10.3390/biom12121739PMC9775279 (free full text)
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Key findings · abstract:The cytotoxicity of formulations and commercial comparators was tested via MTT and LDH assays, and their permeability by in vitro drug transport and cellular drug uptake was established using the Caco-2 cell model.
    • Form comparison · full text, Section '4.9. Cellular Uptake Test':Conversely, Formulation B has shown significantly higher C0 (suspension) (B-A) (1.88 ± 0.13 μg/mL) compared to Nacumin® and Longvida®, but they all showed a very similar basolateral cellular uptake of curcumin, with no significant differences (p > 0.05).
44. HumanCurcumin Enhances Fed-State Muscle Microvascular Perfusion but Not Leg Glucose Uptake in Older Adults.
    Nutrients, 2022 · Design: not stated · n: n = 12 · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
    PMID 35334969DOI 10.3390/nu14061313PMC8953570 (free full text)
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Key findings · abstract:Curcumin enhanced m. tibialis anterior microvascular blood volume (MBV) at 180 and 240 min following the ONS (baseline: 1.0 vs. 180 min: 1.08 ± 0.02, p = 0.01 vs. 240 min: 1.08 ± 0.03, p = 0.01), and MBV was significantly higher compared with the control at both time points (p < 0.05).
    • AUC · full text, Section '3.5. Blood Glucose and Insulin Responses':Glucose A-V balance increased at 15 and 35 min in the curcumin condition (baseline: 0.11 ± 0.02 vs. 15 min: 0.36 ± 0.08 vs. 35 min: 0.33 ± 0.04 mmol, p < 0.05) and at 65 min in the control condition (baseline: 0.11 ± 0.03 vs. 65 min: 0.23 ± 0.05 mmol, p = 0.0004) compared with baseline; however, there were no significant differences between conditions for glucose A-V balance at any time point (Fig
    • AUC · full text, Section '3.5. Blood Glucose and Insulin Responses':Glucose uptake increased at 35 min in the curcumin condition (baseline: 0.03 ± 0.01 vs. 35 min: 0.11 ± 0.02 mmol/min/leg, p = 0.005) and at 35 and 65 min in the control condition (baseline: 0.03 ± 0.01 vs. 35 min: 0.10 ± 0.02 vs. 65 min: 0.09 ± 0.02 mmol/min/leg, p < 0.05); however, there was no significant difference between conditions at any time point for glucose uptake (Figure 5D) or the gluco
    • Food effect · full text, Section '3.3. Macrovascular Responses to Curcumin':LBF significantly increased from baseline in both conditions early in the fed phase (curcumin: baseline: 253.5 ± 28.5 vs. 25 min: 333.5 ± 31.5 mL/min, p = 0.001; control: baseline: 271.4 ± 22.0 vs. 55 min: 376.3 ± 25.3 mL/min, p < 0.0001), and the onset of increased LBF occurred earlier and remained elevated longer in the curcumin condition (Figure 3A).
    • Form comparison · full text, Section '3.2. Microvascular Responses to Curcumin':In the m. vastus lateralis, MBV responses to the ONS significantly increased at 240 min in both the curcumin and control conditions (curcumin baseline: 1.0 vs. 240 min: 1.05 ± 0.04, p = 0.026; control baseline: 1.0 vs. 240 min: 1.07 ± 0.03, p = 0.003) (Figure 2A).
    • Form comparison · full text, Section '3.2. Microvascular Responses to Curcumin':MFV and MBF significantly increased at 180 min post-ONS in the curcumin condition only (MFV: baseline: 1.0 vs. 180 min: 1.52 ± 0.33, p = 0.036;
    • Form comparison · full text, Section '3.2. Microvascular Responses to Curcumin':MBF: baseline: 1.0 vs. 180 min: 1.50 ± 0.28, p = 0.048) (Figure 2B,C).
45. HumanImpact of Curcumin on Hepatic Low-Density Lipoprotein Uptake.
    Methods Mol Biol, 2022 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 34473340DOI 10.1007/978-1-0716-1558-4_29
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
46. HumanPharmacokinetics of a Single Dose of Turmeric Curcuminoids Depends on Formulation: Results of a Human Crossover Study.
    J Nutr, 2021 · Design: randomized; crossover · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (hybrid)
    PMID 33877323DOI 10.1093/jn/nxab087PMC8245892 (free full text)
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Key findings · abstract:Eleven blood samples were obtained over 24 h, plasma was extracted with or without deconjugation with β-glucuronidase or sulfatase, and ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography/tandem MS was used to quantify the 3 parent curcuminoids and 12 metabolites.
    • Key findings · abstract:Indeed, the micellar preparation delivered higher levels of total curcuminoids than any other formulation (8540 ng·h/mL), reaching significance when compared with the dried colloidal suspension and standard extract (6520 and 5080 ng·h/mL, respectively).
    • Key findings · abstract:After dose normalization, both micellar and dried colloidal formulations showed signifi[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
    • AUC · abstract:After dose normalization, both micellar and dried colloidal formulations showed significantly higher AUC levels than the standard extract (respectively 136 and 72.9, compared with 3.7 ng·h/mL/mg).
    • Cmax · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics of unconjugated curcumi':Although unconjugated curcumin, DMC, and BDMC are commonly used to compare turmeric preparations, the 5 tested formulations did not differ in AUC 0–24h or Cmax (Table 4).
    • Cmax · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics of unconjugated curcumi':Cmax values ranged from 9.1 to 18.0 ng/mL, corresponding respectively to the micellar preparation NOV and the standard turmeric extract STE (Table 4).
    • Cmax · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics of curcumin metabolites':When using the standard turmeric extract STE as a reference, the micellar preparation NOV led to significantly higher glucuronide AUC 0–24h and Cmax for curcumin, THC, and HHC (all P < 0.05).
    • Tmax · full text, TABLE 4:Pharmacokinetic parameters and relative bioavailabilities of unconjugated parent curcuminoids after consumption of a single dose of the turmeric formulations STE, TEP, PHYT, NOV, and TPG by healthy human participants1 Curcumin DMC BDMC STE TEP PHYT NOV TPG STE TEP PHYT NOV TPG STE TEP PHYT NOV TPG AUC 0–8h, ng·h/mL 30.6 ± 75.3 16.4 ± 38.0 30.7 ± 68.7 12.1 ± 43.1 33.6 ± 83.8 5.0 ± 14.2 20.5 ± 104
    • Tmax · full text, TABLE 5:Pharmacokinetic parameters and relative bioavailabilities of glucuronide-conjugated curcumin metabolites (curcumin, THC, and HHC) after consumption of a single dose of the turmeric formulations STE, TEP, PHYT, NOV, and TPG by healthy human participants1 Curcumin glucuronide THC glucuronide HHC glucuronide STE TEP PHYT NOV TPG STE TEP PHYT NOV TPG STE TEP PHYT NOV TPG AUC 0–8h, ng·h/mL 79.7 ± 77.
    • Tmax · full text, TABLE 6:Pharmacokinetic parameters and relative bioavailabilities of sulfate-conjugated curcumin metabolites (curcumin, THC, and HHC) after consumption of a single dose of the turmeric formulations STE, TEP, PHYT, NOV, and TPG by healthy human participants1 Curcumin sulfate THC sulfate HHC sulfate STE TEP PHYT NOV TPG STE TEP PHYT NOV TPG STE TEP PHYT NOV TPG AUC 0–8h, ng·h/mL 250 ± 192 180 ± 117 115 ±
    • AUC · full text, Section 'The proportions of individual metabolite':Therefore, the proportions of individual metabolites and sum of the major groups expressed in percentages were calculated as the ratio of the AUC 0–24h of the compound or group of compounds of interest divided by the AUC 0–24h of total curcuminoids for the 5 formulations (Table 3).
    • AUC · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics of unconjugated curcumi':Although unconjugated curcumin, DMC, and BDMC are commonly used to compare turmeric preparations, the 5 tested formulations did not differ in AUC 0–24h or Cmax (Table 4).
    • AUC · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics of unconjugated curcumi':The AUC 0–24h values of unconjugated curcumin ranged from 25.2 to 59.6 ng·h/mL, and were brought respectively by the micellar preparation NOV and the colloidal suspension TPG.
    • Relative bioavailability · full text, TABLE 4:Pharmacokinetic parameters and relative bioavailabilities of unconjugated parent curcuminoids after consumption of a single dose of the turmeric formulations STE, TEP, PHYT, NOV, and TPG by healthy human participants1 Curcumin DMC BDMC STE TEP PHYT NOV TPG STE TEP PHYT NOV TPG STE TEP PHYT NOV TPG AUC 0–8h, ng·h/mL 30.6 ± 75.3 16.4 ± 38.0 30.7 ± 68.7 12.1 ± 43.1 33.6 ± 83.8 5.0 ± 14.2 20.5 ± 104
    • Relative bioavailability · full text, TABLE 5:Pharmacokinetic parameters and relative bioavailabilities of glucuronide-conjugated curcumin metabolites (curcumin, THC, and HHC) after consumption of a single dose of the turmeric formulations STE, TEP, PHYT, NOV, and TPG by healthy human participants1 Curcumin glucuronide THC glucuronide HHC glucuronide STE TEP PHYT NOV TPG STE TEP PHYT NOV TPG STE TEP PHYT NOV TPG AUC 0–8h, ng·h/mL 79.7 ± 77.
    • Relative bioavailability · full text, TABLE 6:Pharmacokinetic parameters and relative bioavailabilities of sulfate-conjugated curcumin metabolites (curcumin, THC, and HHC) after consumption of a single dose of the turmeric formulations STE, TEP, PHYT, NOV, and TPG by healthy human participants1 Curcumin sulfate THC sulfate HHC sulfate STE TEP PHYT NOV TPG STE TEP PHYT NOV TPG STE TEP PHYT NOV TPG AUC 0–8h, ng·h/mL 250 ± 192 180 ± 117 115 ±
    • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics of unconjugated curcumi':Interestingly, comparisons observed after dose normalization demonstrated an improved unconjugated curcumin absorption rate for the colloidal suspension TPG relative to other formulations, reaching significance when compared with the standard extract STE and the piperine-curcuminoid combination TEP (AUC 0–24h, P < 0.05 compared with both;
    • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics of curcumin metabolites':Significantly higher AUC 0–24h and Cmax were also observed when compared with the piperine-curcuminoid combination TEP for both THC and HHC glucuronides (all P < 0.05, Table 5).
    • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics of curcumin metabolites':The colloidal suspension TPG also showed significantly higher sulfate levels than the phytosome formulation PHYT for THC (Cmax, P < 0.05) and HHC (AUC 0–24h and Cmax, P < 0.0001), as well as significantly higher levels when compared with the piperine-curcuminoid combination (TEP) for HHC sulfate (AUC 0–24h and Cmax, P < 0.0001;
47. HumanPharmacokinetics-Driven Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity of Curcuminoids and Their Major Reduced Metabolites-A Medicinal Chemistry Approach.
    Molecules, 2021 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
    PMID 34200647DOI 10.3390/molecules26123542PMC8229286 (free full text)
    Verification: full text read; no PK numbers matched
    • Key findings · abstract:Antioxidant properties in diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays were comparatively evaluated through the determination of ligand lipophilic efficiency (LLE).
48. HumanThe enhanced bioavailability of free curcumin and bioactive-metabolite tetrahydrocurcumin from a dispersible, oleoresin-based turmeric formulation.
    Medicine (Baltimore), 2021 · Design: randomized; double-blind · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
    PMID 34232211DOI 10.1097/MD.0000000000026601PMC8270635 (free full text)
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Key findings · abstract:METHODS: This randomized double-blinded, 2-way cross over, single oral dose, comparative bioavailability study differentially evaluates curcumin at the time of its absorption and along various biotransformation pathways, to include free curcumin, the readily usable form of curcumin; individual and composite totals of curcumin and its analogues as exogenously cleaved conjugates, for example, total curcumin, total demethoxycurcumin (DMC), total bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), and total curcuminoids respectively; and the bioactive metabolite of curcumin, total tetrahydrocurcumin (THC).
    • Key findings · abstract:As a primar[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
    • Cmax · abstract:As a primary study objective, the relative bioavailability of CURCUGEN, a novel dispersible, 50% curcuminoids-concentrated turmeric extract was compared to the standard curcumin reference product, curcuminoids 95% standardized extract (C-95), using the maximum concentration (Cmax), and area under the curve (AUC0-t) of free curcumin, total curcumin, total DMC, total BDMC and the curcumin active metabolite, as total THC.
    • Cmax · abstract:RESULTS: The evaluation of free curcumin demonstrated that the Cmax and AUC0-t of the CURCUGEN was 16.1 times and 39 times higher than the Cmax and AUC0-t of C-95.
    • AUC · abstract:As a primary study objective, the relative bioavailability of CURCUGEN, a novel dispersible, 50% curcuminoids-concentrated turmeric extract was compared to the standard curcumin reference product, curcuminoids 95% standardized extract (C-95), using the maximum concentration (Cmax), and area under the curve (AUC0-t) of free curcumin, total curcumin, total DMC, total BDMC and the curcumin active metabolite, as total THC.
    • AUC · abstract:RESULTS: The evaluation of free curcumin demonstrated that the Cmax and AUC0-t of the CURCUGEN was 16.1 times and 39 times higher than the Cmax and AUC0-t of C-95.
    • AUC · abstract:Furthermo
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:As a primary study objective, the relative bioavailability of CURCUGEN, a novel dispersible, 50% curcuminoids-concentrated turmeric extract was compared to the standard curcumin reference product, curcuminoids 95% standardized extract (C-95), using the maximum concentration (Cmax), and area under the curve (AUC0-t) of free curcumin, total curcumin, total DMC, total BDMC and the curcumin active metabolite, as total THC.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Furthermore, total curcumin, total DMC, total BDMC, and total curcuminoids resulted in AUC0-t of the CURCUGEN at 49.5-, 43.5-, 46.8-, and 52.5-fold higher than C-95, respectiv
    • Cmax · full text, Section 'Results':Within the framework of this model and consistent with the 2 one-sided tests for bioavailability, 90% confidence intervals for the difference between test and reference treatment least-squares means for the comparisons of Test product vs Reference product was calculated for ln-transformed Cmax and AUC0-t of free curcumin, total curcumin, total DMC, total BDMC, total curcuminoids and total THC.
    • Cmax · full text, Section 'Results':After analysis, the Cmax and AUC0-t of the CURCUGEN for free curcumin was 16.1 times and 39 times higher than the Cmax and AUC0-t of C-95.
    • Cmax · full text, Section 'Results':The Cmax and AUC0-t of CURCUGEN for total curcumin was 25.4 times and 49.5 times higher than the Cmax and AUC0-t of C-95.
    • AUC · full text, Section 'Results':Within the framework of this model and consistent with the 2 one-sided tests for bioavailability, 90% confidence intervals for the difference between test and reference treatment least-squares means for the comparisons of Test product vs Reference product was calculated for ln-transformed Cmax and AUC0-t of free curcumin, total curcumin, total DMC, total BDMC, total curcuminoids and total THC.
    • AUC · full text, Section 'Results':After analysis, the Cmax and AUC0-t of the CURCUGEN for free curcumin was 16.1 times and 39 times higher than the Cmax and AUC0-t of C-95.
    • AUC · full text, Section 'Results':The Cmax and AUC0-t of CURCUGEN for total curcumin was 25.4 times and 49.5 times higher than the Cmax and AUC0-t of C-95.
    • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'Results':After analysis, the Cmax and AUC0-t of the CURCUGEN for free curcumin was 16.1 times and 39 times higher than the Cmax and AUC0-t of C-95.
    • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'Results':The Cmax and AUC0-t of CURCUGEN for total curcumin was 25.4 times and 49.5 times higher than the Cmax and AUC0-t of C-95.
    • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'Results':The Cmax and AUC0-t of CURCUGEN for DMC was 17.6 times and 43.5 times higher than the Cmax and AUC0-t of C-95.
    • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Results':Within the framework of this model and consistent with the 2 one-sided tests for bioavailability, 90% confidence intervals for the difference between test and reference treatment least-squares means for the comparisons of Test product vs Reference product was calculated for ln-transformed Cmax and AUC0-t of free curcumin, total curcumin, total DMC, total BDMC, total curcuminoids and total THC.
    • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Results':The statistical results for the treatment effect on the Cmax and AUC parameters for free curcumin, demonstrated a statistically significant difference between treatment with CURCUGEN versus 95% standardized curcuminoids extract (C-95) at 5% level of significance.
    • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Results':It was further evident, from the analysis, that the Sequence Effects and Period Effects on the Cmax and AUC parameters of free curcumin compared to C-95 were not statistically significantly different at 5% level of significance.
49. HumanComparative bioavailability of curcuminoids from a water-dispersible high curcuminoid turmeric extract against a generic turmeric extract: a randomized, cross-over, comparative, pharmacokinetic study.
    J Pharm Pharmacol, 2021 · Design: randomized; crossover · n: 14 subjects · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 33755149DOI 10.1093/jpp/rgab028
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:KEY FINDINGS: Peak plasma levels of free curcumin, total curcuminoids, tetrahydrocurcumin and demethoxycurcumin were similar (P > 0.05).
    • Key findings · abstract:Cmax of total curcumin was higher (P = 0.0253) for WDTE60N at a 10-fold lower dose compared to STE95 (43.5 ± 28.5 vs. 21.3 ± 10.7 ng/ml).
    • Key findings · abstract:Mean AUC0-t was higher (P < 0.001) for free curcumin and comparable for total curcumin and total curcuminoids with WDTE60N than with STE95.
    • Key findings · abstract:CONCLUSION: WDTE60N showed higher absorption and comparable exposure for free curcumin, total curcumin and total curcuminoids at a 10-fold lower dose than STE95.
    • Cmax · abstract:Cmax of total curcumin was higher (P = 0.0253) for WDTE60N at a 10-fold lower dose compared to STE95 (43.5 ± 28.5 vs. 21.3 ± 10.7 ng/ml).
    • AUC · abstract:Mean AUC0-t was higher (P < 0.001) for free curcumin and comparable for total curcumin and total curcuminoids with WDTE60N than with STE95.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Cmax of total curcumin was higher (P = 0.0253) for WDTE60N at a 10-fold lower dose compared to STE95 (43.5 ± 28.5 vs. 21.3 ± 10.7 ng/ml).
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:CONCLUSION: WDTE60N showed higher absorption and comparable exposure for free curcumin, total curcumin and total curcuminoids at a 10-fold lower dose than STE95.
50. HumanComparative pharmacokinetics of Theracurmin, a highly bioavailable curcumin, in healthy adult subjects.
    Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther, 2021 · Design: randomized; crossover · n: 24 healthy subjects · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (green)
    PMID 34423771DOI 10.5414/CP204058PMC9097512 (free full text)
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Key findings · abstract:The exposure ratio of Theracurmin to curcumin powder was 18.4 - 20.5 for the maximum plasma concentration and 35.9 - 42.6 for the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing to the last measurable time.
    • AUC · abstract:The exposure ratio of Theracurmin to curcumin powder was 18.4 - 20.5 for the maximum plasma concentration and 35.9 - 42.6 for the area under the concentration-time curve from dosing to the last measurable time.
    • Cmax · full text, Table 2.:f systemic exposure between CR-033P, CR-031P, and curcumin powder (N = 24). Comparison Geometric least squares mean ratio (90% confidence interval) Cmax AUClast CR-033P to CR-031P 1.11 (0.90 – 1.38) 1.19 (0.96 – 1.47) CR-033P to curcumin powder 20.5 (14.1 – 29.6) 42.6 (29.3 – 61.7) CR-031P to curcumin powder 18.4 (12.7 – 26.6) 35.9 (24.7 – 52.1)
    • AUC · full text, Table 2.:emic exposure between CR-033P, CR-031P, and curcumin powder (N = 24). Comparison Geometric least squares mean ratio (90% confidence interval) Cmax AUClast CR-033P to CR-031P 1.11 (0.90 – 1.38) 1.19 (0.96 – 1.47) CR-033P to curcumin powder 20.5 (14.1 – 29.6) 42.6 (29.3 – 61.7) CR-031P to curcumin powder 18.4 (12.7 – 26.6) 35.9 (24.7 – 52.1)
51. HumanIncreasing Post-Digestive Solubility of Curcumin Is the Most Successful Strategy to Improve its Oral Bioavailability: A Randomized Cross-Over Trial in Healthy Adults and In Vitro Bioaccessibility Experiments.
    Mol Nutr Food Res, 2021 · Design: randomized; crossover; double-blind · n: 12 healthy adults · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (hybrid)
    PMID 34665507DOI 10.1002/mnfr.202100613
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:Compared to native curcumin, a significant increase in the area under the plasma concentration-time curve is observed for micellar curcumin (57-fold) and the curcumin-γ-cyclodextrin complex (30-fold) only.
    • Key findings · abstract:In vitro digestive stability, solubility, and micellization efficiency of micellar curcumin (100%, 80%, and 55%) and curcumin-γ-cyclodextrin complex (73%, 33%, and 23%) are higher compared to all other formulations (<72%, <8%, and <4%).
    • AUC · abstract:Compared to native curcumin, a significant increase in the area under the plasma concentration-time curve is observed for micellar curcumin (57-fold) and the curcumin-γ-cyclodextrin complex (30-fold) only.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Compared to native curcumin, a significant increase in the area under the plasma concentration-time curve is observed for micellar curcumin (57-fold) and the curcumin-γ-cyclodextrin complex (30-fold) only.
52. HumanA self-assembled amphiphilic polysaccharide-based co-delivery system for egg white derived peptides and curcumin with oral bioavailability enhancement.
    Food Funct, 2021 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 34568882DOI 10.1039/d1fo01649k
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:Then, the hydrophilic EWDP was absorbed into the region between the core and the N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethyl ammonium) propyl] chitosan (HTCC) shell to form the amphiphilic nanoparticles (NPs) via layer-by-layer self-assembly.
    • Fractional absorption · abstract:Then, the hydrophilic EWDP was absorbed into the region between the core and the N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethyl ammonium) propyl] chitosan (HTCC) shell to form the amphiphilic nanoparticles (NPs) via layer-by-layer self-assembly.
53. HumanGut microbiota enhances the chemosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma to 5-fluorouracil in vivo by increasing curcumin bioavailability.
    Phytother Res, 2021 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 34374130DOI 10.1002/ptr.7240
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:A pharmacodynamics study suggested that the gut microbiota increased the oral bioavailability of curcumin (AUC(0-t) 15.24 ± 0.77 μM/h [wt] vs. 3.04 ± 0.18 μM/h [gut microbiota depleted]).
    • AUC · abstract:A pharmacodynamics study suggested that the gut microbiota increased the oral bioavailability of curcumin (AUC(0-t) 15.24 ± 0.77 μM/h [wt] vs. 3.04 ± 0.18 μM/h [gut microbiota depleted]).
54. HumanChitosan-alginate nanoparticles as effective oral carriers to improve the stability, bioavailability, and cytotoxicity of curcumin diethyl disuccinate.
    Carbohydr Polym, 2021 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 33483016DOI 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117426
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:Compared to free CDD, the CDD-CANPs showed better stability, bioaccessibility, bioavailability, cellular uptake, and cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells.
55. HumanSafety assessment of a highly bioavailable curcumin-galactomannoside complex (CurQfen) in healthy volunteers, with a special reference to the recent hepatotoxic reports of curcumin supplements: A 90-days prospective study.
    Toxicol Rep, 2021 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
    PMID 34195017DOI 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.06.008PMC8233102 (free full text)
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Food effect · full text, Table 3:59 ± 1.25 24.43 ± 1.29ns Systolic BP (mmHg) 121.5 ± 8.13 117.5 ± 7.86ns Diastolic BP (mmHg) 77.5 ± 4.44 75.0 ± 6.07ns Pulse 82.8 ± 5.93 85.3 ± 8.24ns Fasting Blood Sugar (mg/dL) 93.11 ± 7.05 88.39 ± 7.0** AST (U/L) 29.6 ± 7.17 26.67 ± 4.71ns ALT (U/L) 34.39 ± 7.59 27.28 ± 5.51*** ALP (U/L) 92.08 ± 19.45 91.33 ± 9.96ns GGT (U/L) 34.46 ± 6.89 28.81 ± 4.72* LDH (U/L) 241.21 ± 26.73 240.19 ± 21.86ns B
56. HumanNanocomposite of functional silver metal containing curcumin biomolecule model systems: Protein BSA bioavailability.
    J Inorg Biochem, 2020 · Design: not stated · abstract (PubMed); full-text PDF saved · open access (green)
    PMID 33010530DOI 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111210PDF
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Form comparison · full text, p.13:h Jo chemotherapeutic drug Adriamycin (ADR) which is standard anticancer drug. CURC-AgNCP shows higher anticancer activity against MCF-7 cell line as compared to neat curcumin and comparable anticancer activity against MCF-7 cell line with respect to ADR. 3. Conclusion We successfully synthesized FMCCMS, CURC-AgNCP, which was comparatively more soluble in various media relative to curcumin. Here w
    • Form comparison · full text, p.14:therefore, we succeeded in developing hydrophilic FMCCMS CURC-AgNCP. Hence CURC-AgNCP might be used as an effective biomolecule drug - metal complex compared to curcumin alone in targeted drug delivery systems and medicinal chemistry, of rendering it relevant for biomedical use. ro Acknowledgements -p The author (Amol V. Pansare) acknowledges National Centre of Excellence in Technologies for re In
57. HumanHighly Bioavailable Curcumin Derivative Ameliorates Crohn's Disease Symptoms: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Multicenter Study.
    J Crohns Colitis, 2020 · Design: randomized; double-blind · n: n = 20 · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (green)
    PMID 32412598DOI 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa097
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS: The new curcumin derivative Theracurmin® has a 27-fold higher absorption rate than natural curcumin powder.
    • Key findings · abstract:On intention-to-treat analysis, clinical remission rates were 35%, 40%, and 40% at weeks 4, 8, and 12, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the placebo group (all 0%; p = 0.033, p = 0.020, and p = 0.020, respectively).
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS: The new curcumin derivative Theracurmin® has a 27-fold higher absorption rate than natural curcumin powder.
58. HumanThe Efficacy and Safety of Highly-Bioavailable Curcumin for Treating Knee Osteoarthritis: A 6-Month Open-Labeled Prospective Study.
    Clin Med Insights Arthritis Musculoskelet Disord, 2020 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
    PMID 32848491DOI 10.1177/1179544120948471PMC7425263 (free full text)
    Verification: full text read; no PK numbers matched
    • Key findings · abstract:The area under the blood concentration-time curve (AUC) of Theracurmin in humans was 27-fold higher than that of curcumin powder.
    • AUC · abstract:The area under the blood concentration-time curve (AUC) of Theracurmin in humans was 27-fold higher than that of curcumin powder.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The area under the blood concentration-time curve (AUC) of Theracurmin in humans was 27-fold higher than that of curcumin powder.
59. HumanFood matrix and co-presence of turmeric compounds influence bioavailability of curcumin in healthy humans.
    Food Funct, 2019 · Design: randomized; crossover · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 31347643DOI 10.1039/c9fo01063g
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:In this crossover study we compared the bioavailability of curcumin from a meal containing either curcumin powder, turmeric powder or grated fresh turmeric root, all containing 400 mg of curcumin, along with mashed potatoes and cream.
    • Key findings · abstract:Both of the turmeric meals produced significantly higher amounts (p < 0.05) of plasma curcuminoids at 1-3 hours after the meal was consumed, as compared to the curcumin powder.
    • Key findings · abstract:Plasma curcumin Cmax was 4.9 ng ml-1 95% CI (confidence interval) [2.2, 7.5] for the fresh turmeric meal, 8.4 ng ml-1 95% CI [4.4, 12.48] for the turmeric powder meal and 0.19 ng ml-1[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
    • Cmax · abstract:Plasma curcumin Cmax was 4.9 ng ml-1 95% CI (confidence interval) [2.2, 7.5] for the fresh turmeric meal, 8.4 ng ml-1 95% CI [4.4, 12.48] for the turmeric powder meal and 0.19 ng ml-1 95% [-0.08, 0.47] for the curcumin powder meal.
    • Food effect · abstract:In this crossover study we compared the bioavailability of curcumin from a meal containing either curcumin powder, turmeric powder or grated fresh turmeric root, all containing 400 mg of curcumin, along with mashed potatoes and cream.
    • Food effect · abstract:Both of the turmeric meals produced significantly higher amounts (p < 0.05) of plasma curcuminoids at 1-3 hours after the meal was consumed, as compared to the curcumin powder.
    • Food effect · abstract:Plasma curcumin Cmax was 4.9 ng ml-1 95% CI (confidence interval) [2.2, 7.5] for the fresh turmeric meal, 8.4 ng ml-1 95% CI [4.4, 12.48] for the turmeric powder meal and 0.19 ng ml-1
60. HumanEnhanced Water Dispersibility of Curcumin Encapsulated in Alginate-Polysorbate 80 Nano Particles and Bioavailability in Healthy Human Volunteers.
    Pharm Nanotechnol, 2019 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (hybrid)
    PMID 30666922DOI 10.2174/2211738507666190122121242PMC6691850 (free full text)
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Key findings · abstract:OBJECTIVE: The present study is designed to prepare alginate polysorbate 80 nanoparticles to enhance aqueous solubility/dispersibility, hence bioavailability.
    • Key findings · abstract:RESULTS: The optimized nano particles exhibited higher encapsulation efficiency (95%), particle size of 383 nm and Zeta potential of +200 mV.
    • Key findings · abstract:In healthy human volunteers, the oral bioavailability (AUC) of curcumin increased 5-fold after the consumption of curcumin nanosuspension compared to curcumin suspension.
    • Key findings · abstract:Maximum plasma concentration Cmax- 636 ± 122 ng/ml was observed at tmax- 2h for nanosuspension, whereas Cmax-87.7 ± 17.9ng[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
    • Cmax · abstract:Maximum plasma concentration Cmax- 636 ± 122 ng/ml was observed at tmax- 2h for nanosuspension, whereas Cmax-87.7 ± 17.9ng/ml at tmax- 4h for suspension.
    • Tmax · abstract:Maximum plasma concentration Cmax- 636 ± 122 ng/ml was observed at tmax- 2h for nanosuspension, whereas Cmax-87.7 ± 17.9ng/ml at tmax- 4h for suspension.
    • AUC · abstract:In healthy human volunteers, the oral bioavailability (AUC) of curcumin increased 5-fold after the consumption of curcumin nanosuspension compared to curcumin suspension.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:In healthy human volunteers, the oral bioavailability (AUC) of curcumin increased 5-fold after the consumption of curcumin nanosuspension compared to curcumin suspension.
    • Cmax · full text, Section 'Bioavailability Studies':Cmax of nanosuspension is found to be nearly 7 times greater than that of curcumin suspensions (Table 6).
    • Cmax · full text, Section 'CONCLUSION':Maximum plasma concentration Cmax- 636 ± 122ng/ml was observed at tmax- 2h for nanosuspension, whereas Cmax-87.7 ± 17.9ng/ml at tmax- 4h for suspension.
    • Tmax · full text, Section 'CONCLUSION':Maximum plasma concentration Cmax- 636 ± 122ng/ml was observed at tmax- 2h for nanosuspension, whereas Cmax-87.7 ± 17.9ng/ml at tmax- 4h for suspension.
    • AUC · full text, Section 'Bioavailability Studies':In another human study, a single oral dose of 30 mg curcumin formulated as colloidal nanoparticle dispersion (“Theracurmin”) resulted in a 27-fold increased AUC relative to native curcumin [33].
    • AUC · full text, Section 'Bioavailability Studies':The co-administration of 2 g curcumin with 20 mg piperine (n = 8) in another study increased the AUC of free curcumin to 20-fold compared to native curcumin [32].
    • AUC · full text, Section 'Bioavailability Studies':In our study, the higher AUC values observed for suspension havebeen attributed to the presence of Polysorbate 80 (0.4%), a surfactant and micron-zed status of curcumin as we had levigated curcumin in the vehicle while preparing the suspension.
    • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'Bioavailability Studies':In another human study, a single oral dose of 30 mg curcumin formulated as colloidal nanoparticle dispersion (“Theracurmin”) resulted in a 27-fold increased AUC relative to native curcumin [33].
    • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'Bioavailability Studies':The co-administration of 2 g curcumin with 20 mg piperine (n = 8) in another study increased the AUC of free curcumin to 20-fold compared to native curcumin [32].
    • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'Bioavailability Studies':Cmax of nanosuspension is found to be nearly 7 times greater than that of curcumin suspensions (Table 6).
    • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Bioavailability Studies':The co-administration of 2 g curcumin with 20 mg piperine (n = 8) in another study increased the AUC of free curcumin to 20-fold compared to native curcumin [32].
61. HumanThe fallacy of enzymatic hydrolysis for the determination of bioactive curcumin in plasma samples as an indication of bioavailability: a comparative study.
    BMC Complement Altern Med, 2019 · Design: clinical trial · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
    PMID 31684927DOI 10.1186/s12906-019-2699-xPMC6829936 (free full text)
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Key findings · abstract:METHODS: Eight human subjects (4 male, 4 female) consumed a single dose of 400 mg curcumin in an enhanced absorption formulation, and blood samples were collected over 6 h.
    • Cmax · full text, Section 'Curcumin formulations':Unfortunately, claims of enhanced absorbability are sometimes made in marketing materials based on only the Cmax values between a given product and unformulated standard 95% curcumin or with other formulations of curcumin.
    • AUC · full text, Table 1:AUC0-6h ± SEM (ng*h/mL) for human plasma samples from 8 subjects that were assayed with and without enzymatic hydrolysis NON-HYDROLYZED HYDROLYZED Curcumin Curcumin Glucuronide Total Curcumina Curcumin Tetrahydrocurcumin Total Curcumina 0.36 ± 0.71 78.2
    • AUC · full text, Section 'Hydrolysis vs no hydrolysis':When plasma samples are hydrolyzed, pharmacokinetic values for curcuminoids from standard unformulated 95% curcumin are in the general range of 0.2–0.3 AUC/mg or lower [26, 27, 30, 33, 36].
62. HumanPharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and PKPD Modeling of Curcumin in Regulating Antioxidant and Epigenetic Gene Expression in Healthy Human Volunteers.
    Mol Pharm, 2019 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (green)
    PMID 30860383DOI 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b01246PMC6710832 (free full text)
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Food effect · abstract:Twelve volunteers received a 4 g dose of curcumin capsules with a standard breakfast.
63. HumanEvaluation of Intestinal Absorption Mechanism and Pharmacokinetics of Curcumin-Loaded Galactosylated Albumin Nanoparticles.
    Int J Nanomedicine, 2019 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
    PMID 31849464DOI 10.2147/IJN.S229992PMC6911327 (free full text)
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Key findings · abstract:RESULTS: The cell uptake assay showed that the Gal-BSA NPs could promote the internalization of more curcumin into the Caco-2 cells.
    • Key findings · abstract:The intestinal permeation assay using one Ussing chamber exhibited that the absorptive amounts of curcumin in Gal-BSA-Cur NPs group were 1.5-fold of pure curcumin group.
    • Key findings · abstract:The pharmacokinetics study in vivo suggested that the oral bioavailability of Gal-BSA-Cur NPs was improved by 1.4-fold compared with pure curcumin.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The intestinal permeation assay using one Ussing chamber exhibited that the absorptive amounts of curcumin in Gal-BSA-Cur NPs group were 1.5-fold of pure curcumin group.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The pharmacokinetics study in vivo suggested that the oral bioavailability of Gal-BSA-Cur NPs was improved by 1.4-fold compared with pure curcumin.
    • Cmax · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetic Study':Moreover, the Cmax value of Gal-BSA-Cur NPs was 48.7±7.4 ng/mL, which was nearly 1.9 folds higher than that of Cur.
    • Tmax · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetic Study':The oral dosages of curcumin were selected at 40 mg/kg, which based on previous studies.36,37 After the oral administration, shown in Table 2, Gal-BSA-Cur NPs showed shorter time of the peak concentration at 0.5 hrs, while the Tmax value of Cur was 2 hrs, indicating rapid absorption of Gal-BSA-Cur NPs.
    • AUC · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetic Study':The AUC value of Gal-BSA-Cur NPs was about 1.4 folds higher than that of Cur.
    • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Elucidation of Uptake Mechanism':When the cells were pretreated with sodium azide as a known pharmaceutical endocytosis inhibitor22 (Figure 4 blue bars), the concentrations of Cur and Gal-BSA-Cur NPs decreased to 44.24 ± 3.34 and 281.58 ± 8.71 ng/105 cells, respectively, compared to the control group without any inhibitors (green bars).
64. HumanSelf-Assembling Topical Nanomicellar Formulation to Improve Curcumin Absorption Across Ocular Tissues.
    AAPS PharmSciTech, 2019 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 31317354DOI 10.1208/s12249-019-1404-1
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
65. HumanCombination treatment with highly bioavailable curcumin and NQO1 inhibitor exhibits potent antitumor effects on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
    J Gastroenterol, 2019 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (hybrid)
    PMID 30737573DOI 10.1007/s00535-019-01549-xPMC6647399 (free full text)
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects ':Viability of each cell type treated with THC relative to that of untreated cells is indicated (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, vs untreated cells; n = 3). b Caspase 3/7 activity: ESCC cells were cultured with the indicated concentrations (0–50 μM) of THC for 12 h (TE-5) or 24 h (TE-8 and TE-11R).
    • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects ':Relative Caspase 3/7 activity of each cell type treated with the indicated concentrations of THC relative to that of untreated cells is indicated (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, vs untreated cells; n = 3). c Assessment of apoptosis: ESCC cells were cultured with the indicated concentrations (0–50 μM) of THC for 24 h.
    • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Bioavailability and antitumor effects of':We examined plasma curcumin concentrations in these mice, and the THC group showed markedly higher plasma levels of curcumin than the curcumin group (1110.4 ± 199.8 ng/mL vs 191.1 ± 64.4 ng/mL) (Fig. 2a).
66. HumanInfluence of enhanced bioavailable curcumin on obesity-associated cardiovascular disease risk factors and arterial function: A double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial.
    Nutrition, 2019 · Design: randomized; double-blind · n: 22 men · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 30889454DOI 10.1016/j.nut.2019.01.002
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine whether an enhanced bioavailable curcumin formulation, CurQfen®, would improve circulating cardiovascular disease-related blood biomarkers and arterial function in young (age 18-35 y), obese (body mass index ≥ 30.0 kg/m2) men.
    • Key findings · abstract:The participants were matched based on body mass index and randomized to the intervention (curcumin formulated with fenugreek soluble fiber, for enhanced absorption) or control (fenugreek soluble fiber) group for 12 wk at 500mg/d without dietary modification or exercise.
    • Key findings · abstract:P = 0.04) and high-density lipoprotein levels were high[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
67. HumanThe Effects of Curcumin on Serum Heat Shock Protein 27 Antibody Titers in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome.
    J Diet Suppl, 2019 · Design: randomized; double-blind · n: 120 patients · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 29958053DOI 10.1080/19390211.2018.1472710
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:The changes in serum concentrations of anti-Hsp 27 did not differ significantly between study groups (p = .283).
68. HumanPharmacokinetic and anti-colon cancer properties of curcumin-containing chitosan-pectinate composite nanoparticles.
    J Biomater Sci Polym Ed, 2018 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 30376409DOI 10.1080/09205063.2018.1541500
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:The oral bioavailability (Cmax, and AUC) of curcumin in CUR-CS-PEC-NPs was enhanced significantly by 4-folds after 6 hours of treatment compared to free curcumin.
    • Cmax · abstract:The oral bioavailability (Cmax, and AUC) of curcumin in CUR-CS-PEC-NPs was enhanced significantly by 4-folds after 6 hours of treatment compared to free curcumin.
    • AUC · abstract:The oral bioavailability (Cmax, and AUC) of curcumin in CUR-CS-PEC-NPs was enhanced significantly by 4-folds after 6 hours of treatment compared to free curcumin.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The oral bioavailability (Cmax, and AUC) of curcumin in CUR-CS-PEC-NPs was enhanced significantly by 4-folds after 6 hours of treatment compared to free curcumin.
69. HumanA Comparative Pharmacokinetic Assessment of a Novel Highly Bioavailable Curcumin Formulation with 95% Curcumin: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Crossover Study.
    J Am Coll Nutr, 2018 · Design: randomized; crossover; double-blind · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (bronze)
    PMID 29043927DOI 10.1080/07315724.2017.1358118
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:This study assessed the bioavailability of a novel curcumin formulation compared to 95% curcumin and published results for various other curcumin formulations.
    • Key findings · abstract:METHODS: A randomized, crossover, double-blind, comparator-controlled pharmacokinetic study was performed in 12 healthy adult subjects to determine the appearance of free curcumin and its metabolites curcumin sulfate and curcumin glucuronide in plasma after a single dose of a novel proprietary curcumin liquid droplet micromicellar formulation (CLDM) and unformulated 95% curcumin powder in capsule form.
    • Key findings · abstract:Blood samples were drawn and p[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
    • AUC · abstract:The total curcumin absorbed as represented by the area under the curve (AUC)/mg administered curcumin for CLDM was 522 times greater than for the 95% curcumin.
    • Fractional absorption · abstract:The total curcumin absorbed as represented by the area under the curve (AUC)/mg administered curcumin for CLDM was 522 times greater than for the 95% curcumin.
70. HumanAnalysis of different innovative formulations of curcumin for improved relative oral bioavailability in human subjects.
    Eur J Nutr, 2018 · Design: randomized; crossover; double-blind · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (hybrid)
    PMID 28204880DOI 10.1007/s00394-016-1376-9PMC5861163 (free full text)
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Key findings · abstract:In this study, we investigated the bioavailability of a new γ-cyclodextrin curcumin formulation (CW8).
    • Key findings · abstract:The plasma concentrations of the individual curcuminoids that are present in turmeric (namely curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin) were determined at baseline and at various intervals after oral administration over a 12-h period.
    • Key findings · abstract:RESULTS: CW8 showed the highest plasma concentrations of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and total curcuminoids, whereas CSL administration resulted in the highest levels of bisdemethoxycurcumin.
    • Key findings · abstract:CW8 (39-fold) showed significantly increased relat[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
    • AUC · abstract:CW8 (39-fold) showed significantly increased relative bioavailability of total curcuminoids (AUC0-12) in comparison with the unformulated StdC.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:CW8 (39-fold) showed significantly increased relative bioavailability of total curcuminoids (AUC0-12) in comparison with the unformulated StdC.
    • Cmax · full text, Section 'Results':CW8 and CSL reached Cmax at 1 h after administration, whereas the other formulations showed a delayed uptake (Fig. 5;
    • AUC · full text, Table 2:Pharmacokinetic parameters of curcuminoid concentrations: area under the plasma concentration time-curve (AUC0–12h), C max, and relative absorption for each treatment Curcuminoid Formulation AUC0-12 (ng/mL h) (means ± SEM) C max (ng/mL) (means ± SEM) AUC0-12 (ng/mL h) (median, IQR) C max (ng/mL) (median, IQR) t max (h
    • AUC · full text, Section 'Results':Table 2Pharmacokinetic parameters of curcuminoid concentrations: area under the plasma concentration time-curve (AUC0–12h), C max, and relative absorption for each treatmentCurcuminoidFormulationAUC0-12 (ng/mL h) (means ± SEM) C max (ng/mL) (means ± SEM)AUC0-12 (ng/mL h) (median, IQR) C max (ng/mL) (median, IQR) t max (h)Relative absorption (fold)CurcuminStdC (5x dose)19.7 ± 2.62.3 ± 0.419.7 (2.6)
71. HumanEnhancement of Curcumin Bioavailability by Encapsulation in Sophorolipid-Coated Nanoparticles: An in Vitro and in Vivo Study.
    J Agric Food Chem, 2018 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 29378117DOI 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b05478
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:Both in vitro and in vivo studies showed that the curcumin nanoparticles had an appreciably higher bioavailability than that of free curcumin crystals (2.7-3.6-fold), which was mainly attributed to their higher bioaccessibility.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Both in vitro and in vivo studies showed that the curcumin nanoparticles had an appreciably higher bioavailability than that of free curcumin crystals (2.7-3.6-fold), which was mainly attributed to their higher bioaccessibility.
72. HumanDevelopment of Validated Methods and Quantification of Curcuminoids and Curcumin Metabolites and Their Pharmacokinetic Study of Oral Administration of Complete Natural Turmeric Formulation (Cureit™) in Human Plasma via UPLC/ESI-Q-TOF-MS Spectrometry.
    Molecules, 2018 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
    PMID 30241377DOI 10.3390/molecules23102415PMC6222699 (free full text)
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Cmax · full text, Table 4:parameters of CUR, DMC, BDMC, COG, COS, THC, HHC and OHC after oral administration of a single dose of Cureit™ (500 mg/day). Compounds AUC(ng·h·mL−1) Cmax(ng·mL−1) Tmax(h) T½(h) CL(106 h−1·mL−1) Kel(h−1) Vd(106 mL−1) CUR 527.100 74.310 4.000 1.681 0.949 0.412 2.300 DMC 147.000 17.193 4.000 1.569 3.401 0.442 7.699 BDMC 72.610 8.280 4.000 1.480 6.886 0.468 14.710 COG 3.200 0.862 2.500 0.301 156.250
    • Cmax · full text, Section '2.3. Pharmacokinetic Study of Orally Adm':After an oral administration of Cureit™—a bioavailable form of curcumin (500 mg)—the level of CUR in the plasma initially showed a rapid increase and reached a Cmax of 74.31 ng/mL at 4 h and was remained detectable up to 24 h.
    • Cmax · full text, Section '2.3. Pharmacokinetic Study of Orally Adm':DMC and BDMC were reached their Cmax of 17.19 ng/mL and 8.28 ng/mL respectively at 4 h.
    • Tmax · full text, Table 4:CUR, DMC, BDMC, COG, COS, THC, HHC and OHC after oral administration of a single dose of Cureit™ (500 mg/day). Compounds AUC(ng·h·mL−1) Cmax(ng·mL−1) Tmax(h) T½(h) CL(106 h−1·mL−1) Kel(h−1) Vd(106 mL−1) CUR 527.100 74.310 4.000 1.681 0.949 0.412 2.300 DMC 147.000 17.193 4.000 1.569 3.401 0.442 7.699 BDMC 72.610 8.280 4.000 1.480 6.886 0.468 14.710 COG 3.200 0.862 2.500 0.301 156.250 2.303 67.846 C
    • AUC · full text, Table 4:harmacokinetic parameters of CUR, DMC, BDMC, COG, COS, THC, HHC and OHC after oral administration of a single dose of Cureit™ (500 mg/day). Compounds AUC(ng·h·mL−1) Cmax(ng·mL−1) Tmax(h) T½(h) CL(106 h−1·mL−1) Kel(h−1) Vd(106 mL−1) CUR 527.100 74.310 4.000 1.681 0.949 0.412 2.300 DMC 147.000 17.193 4.000 1.569 3.401 0.442 7.699 BDMC 72.610 8.280 4.000 1.480 6.886 0.468 14.710 COG 3.200 0.862 2.500
73. HumanMemory and Brain Amyloid and Tau Effects of a Bioavailable Form of Curcumin in Non-Demented Adults: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled 18-Month Trial.
    Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, 2018 · Design: randomized · n: N = 21 · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (hybrid)
    PMID 29246725DOI 10.1016/j.jagp.2017.10.010
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:METHODS: Forty subjects (age 51-84 years) were randomized to a bioavailable form of curcumin (Theracurmin® containing 90 mg of curcumin twice daily [N = 21]) or placebo (N = 19) for 18 months.
74. HumanRandomized Pharmacokinetic Crossover Study Comparing 2 Curcumin Preparations in Plasma and Rectal Tissue of Healthy Human Volunteers.
    J Clin Pharmacol, 2017 · Design: randomized; crossover · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (green)
    PMID 27503249DOI 10.1002/jcph.806PMC5233601 (free full text)
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:There was no difference in the geometric mean plasma AUCs when adjusted for the 10-fold difference in curcumin dose between the 2 formulations.
    • Key findings · abstract:Phosphatidylcholine curcumin extract yielded only 20% to 30% plasma demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin conjugates compared to standard extract, yet yielded 20-fold greater hexahydrocurcumin.
    • Key findings · abstract:When adjusting for curcumin dose, tissue curcumin concentrations were 5-fold greater for the phosphatidylcholine extract.
    • AUC · abstract:There was no difference in the geometric mean plasma AUCs when adjusted for the 10-fold difference in curcumin dose between the 2 formulations.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:There was no difference in the geometric mean plasma AUCs when adjusted for the 10-fold difference in curcumin dose between the 2 formulations.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Phosphatidylcholine curcumin extract yielded only 20% to 30% plasma demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin conjugates compared to standard extract, yet yielded 20-fold greater hexahydrocurcumin.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:When adjusting for curcumin dose, tissue curcumin concentrations were 5-fold greater for the phosphatidylcholine extract.
75. HumanComparative Oral Absorption of Curcumin in a Natural Turmeric Matrix with Two Other Curcumin Formulations: An Open-label Parallel-arm Study.
    Phytother Res, 2017 · Design: randomized · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 29027274DOI 10.1002/ptr.5931
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:This study was conducted to assess the bioavailability of a completely natural turmeric matrix formulation (CNTMF) and compare its bioavailability with two other commercially available formulations, namely, curcumin with volatile oil (volatile oil formulation) and curcumin with phospholipids and cellulose (phospholipid formulation) in healthy human adult male subjects (15 each group) under fasting conditions.
    • Key findings · abstract:The ingestion of the CNTMF was very well absorbed and resulted in a mean curcuminoids plasma Cmax of 170.14 ng/mL (Tmax  = 4 h) compared with 47.54 ng/mL and 69.63 ng/mL for the volatil[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
    • Cmax · abstract:The ingestion of the CNTMF was very well absorbed and resulted in a mean curcuminoids plasma Cmax of 170.14 ng/mL (Tmax  = 4 h) compared with 47.54 ng/mL and 69.63 ng/mL for the volatile oil (Tmax  = 3 h) and phospholipid (Tmax  = 2.25 h) formulations, respectively.
    • Tmax · abstract:The ingestion of the CNTMF was very well absorbed and resulted in a mean curcuminoids plasma Cmax of 170.14 ng/mL (Tmax  = 4 h) compared with 47.54 ng/mL and 69.63 ng/mL for the volatile oil (Tmax  = 3 h) and phospholipid (Tmax  = 2.25 h) formulations, respectively.
    • Fractional absorption · abstract:The ingestion of the CNTMF was very well absorbed and resulted in a mean curcuminoids plasma Cmax of 170.14 ng/mL (Tmax  = 4 h) compared with 47.54 ng/mL and 69.63 ng/mL for the volatile oil (Tmax  = 3 h) and phospholipid (Tmax  = 2.25 h) formulations, respectively.
    • Food effect · abstract:This study was conducted to assess the bioavailability of a completely natural turmeric matrix formulation (CNTMF) and compare its bioavailability with two other commercially available formulations, namely, curcumin with volatile oil (volatile oil formulation) and curcumin with phospholipids and cellulose (phospholipid formulation) in healthy human adult male subjects (15 each group) under fasting conditions.
76. HumanCurcumin supplementation improves vascular endothelial function in healthy middle-aged and older adults by increasing nitric oxide bioavailability and reducing oxidative stress.
    Aging (Albany NY), 2017 · Design: randomized · n: n=20 · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (hybrid)
    PMID 28070018DOI 10.18632/aging.101149PMC5310664 (free full text)
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Key findings · abstract:Forearm blood flow response to acetylcholine infusions (FBFACh; resistance artery endothelial function) increased 37% following curcumin supplementation (107±13 vs. 84±11 AUC at baseline, P=0.03), but not placebo (P=0.2).
    • Key findings · abstract:In healthy middle-aged and older adults, 12 weeks of curcumin supplementation improves resistance artery endothelial function by increasing vascular nitric oxide bioavailability and reducing oxidative stress, while also improving conduit artery endothelial function.
    • AUC · abstract:Forearm blood flow response to acetylcholine infusions (FBFACh; resistance artery endothelial function) increased 37% following curcumin supplementation (107±13 vs. 84±11 AUC at baseline, P=0.03), but not placebo (P=0.2).
    • AUC · full text, Section 'Resistance artery endothelial function':FBFACh AUC increased 37% after 12 weeks of curcumin supplementation (P=0.03), whereas there was no change with placebo (P=0.2;
    • Food effect · full text, Section 'Curcumin administration, safety, and tol':Placebo or curcumin capsules [2000 mg/day Longvida® (∼400 mg curcumin; solid lipid particle formulation)] provided by Verdure Sciences (Noblesville, IN) were taken once every morning while fasted.
77. HumanStable curcumin-loaded polymeric micellar formulation for enhancing cellular uptake and cytotoxicity to FLT3 overexpressing EoL-1 leukemic cells.
    Eur J Pharm Biopharm, 2017 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · not checked (off-topic)
    PMID 28089916DOI 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.12.032
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:Regarding the activity against FLT3 overexpressing EoL-1 leukemic cells, CM-P407 showed higher cytotoxicity than CM-DMSO.
    • Key findings · abstract:Moreover, intracellular uptake to leukemic cells of CM-P407 was 2-3 times greater than that of CM-DMSO.
78. HumanCurcumin-loaded lipid nanocarrier for improving bioavailability, stability and cytotoxicity against malignant glioma cells.
    Drug Deliv, 2016 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (bronze)
    PMID 24825490DOI 10.3109/10717544.2014.909906
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:Formulations which passed physical stability studies were selected for further studies such as globule size, zeta potential, in vitro release, ex vivo permeation, in vitro lipolysis studies, bioavailability studies and cytotoxicity against glioblastoma cells (U-87).
    • Key findings · abstract:Statistically significant difference was found in AUC0-inf of NC formulation (p < 0.05) compared to CU suspension.
    • Key findings · abstract:The relative bioavailability of NC was found 11.88 ± 0.47 with respect to CU suspension.
    • AUC · abstract:Statistically significant difference was found in AUC0-inf of NC formulation (p < 0.05) compared to CU suspension.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The relative bioavailability of NC was found 11.88 ± 0.47 with respect to CU suspension.
79. HumanHighly absorptive curcumin reduces serum atherosclerotic low-density lipoprotein levels in patients with mild COPD.
    Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis, 2016 · Design: randomized; double-blind · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
    PMID 27616885DOI 10.2147/COPD.S104490PMC5008445 (free full text)
    Verification: full text read; no PK numbers matched
80. HumanEnhanced Systemic Bioavailability of Curcumin Through Transmucosal Administration of a Novel Microgranular Formulation.
    Anticancer Res, 2015 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · unknown
    PMID 26637850
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:In cancer patients a significant decrease in expression of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) in post-biopsy samples and decreased serum levels of FGF-2, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-17 (IL-17) (p<0.05) was observed.
81. HumanColloidal submicron-particle curcumin exhibits high absorption efficiency-a double-blind, 3-way crossover study.
    J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo), 2015 · Design: crossover; double-blind · abstract (PubMed); full-text PDF saved · open access (gold)
    PMID 25994138DOI 10.3177/jnsv.61.37PDF
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Key findings · abstract:To evaluate the absorption efficiency of three types of DDS curcumin, we performed a double-blind, 3-way crossover study.
    • Key findings · abstract:We compared plasma curcumin levels after the administration of Theracurmin and 2 other capsule types of curcumin with DDS, BCM-95 (micronized curcumin with turmeric essential oils) and Meriva (curcumin-phospholipid).
    • Key findings · abstract:The maximal plasma curcumin concentration (0-24 h) of Theracurmin was 10.7 to 5.6 times higher than those of BCM-95 and Meriva, respectively.
    • Key findings · abstract:Moreover, the area under the blood concentration-time curve at 0-24 h was found to be 11.0- and 4.6-fold higher w[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
    • AUC · abstract:Moreover, the area under the blood concentration-time curve at 0-24 h was found to be 11.0- and 4.6-fold higher with Theracurmin than BCM-95 and Meriva, respectively.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Moreover, the area under the blood concentration-time curve at 0-24 h was found to be 11.0- and 4.6-fold higher with Theracurmin than BCM-95 and Meriva, respectively.
    • Cmax · full text, p.3:ribed pre- viously (23). Pharmacokinetics. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated using the trapezoidal method (30). Maxi- mum concentrations (Cmax) were the observed values. Fig. 1. Change in plasma concentration of curcumin Statistical analysis. Data are expressed as the in healthy volunteers. 䊉, Theracurmin. 䉬, BCM-95, 䉱, meanstandard deviation (SD). For evaluation of the Meriva. Each p
    • Cmax · full text, p.4:volunteers, respectively. * p0.05 versus BCM-95. # p0.05 versus Meriva. Fig. 4. Normalized bioavailability of curcumin in healthy volunteers. A–C: Cmax (A), AUC0–6h (B) and AUC0–24h (C) of each curcumin capsule normalized by measured curcumin contents respectively, and exhibited as box plots. * p0.05 versus BCM-95. # p0.05 versus Meriva. Fig. 1. For all treatments, plasma curcumin levels were
    • Cmax · full text, p.5:ypassing the liver and “the first pass phenom- in the blood (mean: 66.4 ng/mL), which was higher enon” (16). Although BCM-95 and Theracurmin are than Cmax of BCM-95 (mean: 45.0 ng/mL) and Meriva micronized, the main differences are their solvents (BCM- (mean: 58.8 ng/mL) 95: turmeric essential oil, Theracurmin: gum ghatti and Cmax values with each curcumin capsule were glycerin). Moreover, the mic
    • AUC · full text, p.1:mal plasma curcumin concentration (0–24 h) of Theracur- min was 10.7 to 5.6 times higher than those of BCM-95 and Meriva, respectively. Moreover, the area under the blood concentration-time curve at 0–24 h was found to be 11.0- and 4.6-fold higher with Theracurmin than BCM-95 and Meriva, respectively. These data indi- cate that Theracurmin exhibits a much higher absorption efficiency than other cu
    • AUC · full text, p.3:and an API 3200 tandem mass spectrometer (Applied Bio- systems, Foster City, CA) with () ESI, as described pre- viously (23). Pharmacokinetics. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated using the trapezoidal method (30). Maxi- mum concentrations (Cmax) were the observed values. Fig. 1. Change in plasma concentration of curcumin Statistical analysis. Data are expressed as the in healthy volunt
    • AUC · full text, p.4:40 SUNAGAWA Y et al. Fig. 3. Bioavailability of curcumin in healthy volunteers. A, C: Box plots of AUC0–6h (A) and AUC0–24h (C) are represented as graphically depicting groups of numerical data through their five-number summaries. B, D: Box plots of AUC0–6h (B) and AUC0–24h (D) with Theracurmin normalized by those with BCM-95 and Meriva and expressed
    • Relative bioavailability · full text, p.1:n 182.41.0, 279.310.7, and 152.520.3 mg of curcumin, respectively. The maximal plasma curcumin concentration (0–24 h) of Theracur- min was 10.7 to 5.6 times higher than those of BCM-95 and Meriva, respectively. Moreover, the area under the blood concentration-time curve at 0–24 h was found to be 11.0- and 4.6-fold higher with Theracurmin than BCM-95 and Meriva, respectively. These data indi- ca
    • Relative bioavailability · full text, p.2:Although Meriva, was tested in healthy volunteers, and found to the amount of curcumin in each preparation was differ- improve absorption to about a 29-fold higher level than ent, we could not unify the amounts in all preparations. corresponding normal curcumin (21). Theracurmin, This is because there is a possibility of the degradation curcumin dispersed with colloidal submicron-particles, of cur
    • Relative bioavailability · full text, p.5:ose with BCM-95 and Meriva. Relative mean values of particles at its surface and has been shown to strongly Cmax with Theracurmin were also 10.7- and 5.6-fold bind to phospholipid micelles, positioning the water- higher than those with BCM-95 and Meriva in individ- labile -diketone moiety in the lipid bilayer and protect- ual volunteers, respectively (Fig. 2B). ing it from hydrolytic fragmentation
    • Food effect · full text, p.3:s are presented in Table take curcumin-containing food for more than 7 d before 1. The reported and actually measured values in 6 cap- this study and fasted overnight except for water. In the sules of Theracurmin were 180 and 182.46.0 mg, morning, blood specimens were obtained immediately respectively. Those in 1 capsule of BCM-95 were 260 prior to taking the curcumin preparations and at 0.5, 1,
    • Form comparison · full text, p.3:iation (SD). For evaluation of the Meriva. Each point and bar represents the meanSD curcumin absorption, the non-parametric Kruskal- (n9). * p0.05 versus BCM-95. # p0.05 versus Wallis test followed by the Steel-Dwass test was used. Meriva. Fig. 2. Maximum concentration of curcumin in healthy volunteers. A: Box plots of Cmax are represented as graphically depicting groups of numerical data thro
    • Form comparison · full text, p.4:24h (D) with Theracurmin normalized by those with BCM-95 and Meriva and expressed as relative values in individual volunteers, respectively. * p0.05 versus BCM-95. # p0.05 versus Meriva. Fig. 4. Normalized bioavailability of curcumin in healthy volunteers. A–C: Cmax (A), AUC0–6h (B) and AUC0–24h (C) of each curcumin capsule normalized by measured curcumin contents respectively, and exhibited as
    • Form comparison · full text, p.5:thod nism of degradation in water (33). As a result, Meriva from 0 to 6 h (AUC0–6h) and 0 to 24 h (AUC0–24h). As has been shown to improve absorption compared to shown in Fig. 3A and C, the box plots of AUC0–6h and the natural form (30-fold improvement on a molecular AUC0–24h with Theracurmin likewise showed a higher basis) (21). The differences between Meriva and Thera- level distribution compare
82. HumanAbsorption mechanism of whey-protein-delivered curcumin using Caco-2 cell monolayers.
    Food Chem, 2015 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 25766800DOI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.01.132
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
83. HumanSubmicron complex lipid carriers for curcumin delivery to intestinal epithelial cells: Effect of different emulsifiers on bioaccessibility and cell uptake.
    Int J Pharm, 2015 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 26291881DOI 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.08.039
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:However, uptake studies in HT29 cell lines, simulating intestinal epithelial cells, showed that WPI and WPI-MS carriers exhibited after 24h a lower relative uptake than T20-stabilized systems (about 60% and 80%, respectively), as a consequence of smaller size and higher cell adherence of T20 carriers to the cell membrane.
84. HumanBioavailability of a Sustained Release Formulation of Curcumin.
    Integr Med (Encinitas), 2014 · Design: crossover · n: 10 participants · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (PMC)
    PMID 26770097PMC4684130 (free full text)
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the relative bioavailability of MicroActive Curcumin-an advanced, micronized formulation of curcumin that is 25% curcuminoids in a sustained release matrix-with that of an unformulated, 95% pure curcumin powder.
    • Key findings · abstract:The research team also performed a single-dose, 12-h, crossover uptake study with 10 participants and a high-dose tolerability and accumulation study with 3 participants, comparing the 2 forms of curcumin.
    • Key findings · abstract:RESULTS: The dissolution study indicated that the sustained-release curcumin had greater dissolution for 12 h at all points[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the relative bioavailability of MicroActive Curcumin-an advanced, micronized formulation of curcumin that is 25% curcuminoids in a sustained release matrix-with that of an unformulated, 95% pure curcumin powder.
    • Food effect · abstract:MicroActive Curcumin capsules were administered after breakfast, and blood samples were drawn at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 h postdose.
85. HumanThe oral bioavailability of curcumin from micronized powder and liquid micelles is significantly increased in healthy humans and differs between sexes.
    Mol Nutr Food Res, 2014 · Design: randomized; crossover · n: 13 women · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (hybrid)
    PMID 24402825DOI 10.1002/mnfr.201300724
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:Based on the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC), the micronized curcumin was 14-, 5-, and 9-fold and micellar curcumin 277-, 114-, and 185-fold better bioavailable than native curcumin in women, men, and all subjects, respectively.
    • AUC · abstract:Based on the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC), the micronized curcumin was 14-, 5-, and 9-fold and micellar curcumin 277-, 114-, and 185-fold better bioavailable than native curcumin in women, men, and all subjects, respectively.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Based on the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC), the micronized curcumin was 14-, 5-, and 9-fold and micellar curcumin 277-, 114-, and 185-fold better bioavailable than native curcumin in women, men, and all subjects, respectively.
86. HumanComparative absorption of curcumin formulations.
    Nutr J, 2014 · Design: randomized; crossover; double-blind · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
    PMID 24461029DOI 10.1186/1475-2891-13-11PMC3918227 (free full text)
    Verification: full text read; no PK numbers matched
    • Key findings · abstract:RESULTS: Total curcuminoids appearance in the blood was 1.3-fold higher for CTR and 7.9-fold higher for CP in comparison to unformulated CS.
    • Key findings · abstract:CHC showed a 45.9-fold higher absorption over CS and significantly improved absorption over CP (5.8-fold) and CTR (34.9-fold, all p < 0.001).
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:RESULTS: Total curcuminoids appearance in the blood was 1.3-fold higher for CTR and 7.9-fold higher for CP in comparison to unformulated CS.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:CHC showed a 45.9-fold higher absorption over CS and significantly improved absorption over CP (5.8-fold) and CTR (34.9-fold, all p < 0.001).
87. HumanSynthetic versus natural curcumin: bioequivalence in an in vitro oral mucositis model.
    BMC Complement Altern Med, 2014 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
    PMID 24517289DOI 10.1186/1472-6882-14-53PMC3927628 (free full text)
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Inhibition of bacterial adherence and in':There was, however, no difference between the two forms of CUR (nCUR, 17.1% vs. sCUR, 19.8%, not significant).
88. HumanShort-term effects of highly-bioavailable curcumin for treating knee osteoarthritis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled prospective study.
    J Orthop Sci, 2014 · Design: randomized; double-blind · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (hybrid)
    PMID 25308211DOI 10.1007/s00776-014-0633-0PMC4244558 (free full text)
    Verification: full text read; no PK numbers matched
    • Key findings · abstract:The area under the blood concentration-time curve of Theracurmin in humans was 27-fold higher than that of curcumin powder.
    • AUC · abstract:The area under the blood concentration-time curve of Theracurmin in humans was 27-fold higher than that of curcumin powder.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The area under the blood concentration-time curve of Theracurmin in humans was 27-fold higher than that of curcumin powder.
89. HumanUptake enhancement of curcumin encapsulated into phosphatidylcholine-shielding micelles by cancer cells.
    J Biomater Sci Polym Ed, 2014 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · not checked (off-topic)
    PMID 25072747DOI 10.1080/09205063.2014.941261
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:Curcumin, having inhibitory effect on a variety of cancers, was encapsulated into micelles of six-arm star-shape poly(ε-caprolactone)-b-poly(2-methacryloyloxyethylphosphorylcholine) (6sPCL-PMPC) in order to enhance its concentration in blood and cellular uptake.
    • Key findings · abstract:The curcumin-loaded 6sPCL-PMPC micelles showed higher efficiency to kill HeLa cells than that of curcumin-loaded PCL-PEG micelles.
    • Key findings · abstract:The cellular uptake study indicated that the curcumin encapsulated into 6sPCL-PMPC micelles was ingested more by HeLa cells than the curcumin encapsulated into PCL-PEG micelles.
90. HumanA phase I study investigating the safety and pharmacokinetics of highly bioavailable curcumin (Theracurmin) in cancer patients.
    Cancer Chemother Pharmacol, 2013 · Design: not stated · n: 3 patients · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (green)
    PMID 23543271DOI 10.1007/s00280-013-2151-8
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:Peak plasma curcumin levels (median) after Theracurmin administration were 324 ng/mL (range, 47-1,029 ng/mL) at Level 1 and 440 ng/mL (range, 179-1,380 ng/mL) at Level 2.
91. HumanBioavailability of a lipidic formulation of curcumin in healthy human volunteers.
    Pharmaceutics, 2012 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
    PMID 24300368DOI 10.3390/pharmaceutics4040517PMC3834932 (free full text)
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Key findings · abstract:Cmax, Tmax and AUC0-¥ were found to be 183.35 ± 37.54 ng/mL, 0.60 ± 0.05 h and 321.12 ± 25.55 ng/mL respectively, at a dose of 750 mg.
    • Key findings · abstract:A high absorption rate constant (K01, 4.51/h) signifies that CRM-LF ensured rapid absorption of the CRM into the central compartment.
    • Cmax · abstract:Cmax, Tmax and AUC0-¥ were found to be 183.35 ± 37.54 ng/mL, 0.60 ± 0.05 h and 321.12 ± 25.55 ng/mL respectively, at a dose of 750 mg.
    • Tmax · abstract:Cmax, Tmax and AUC0-¥ were found to be 183.35 ± 37.54 ng/mL, 0.60 ± 0.05 h and 321.12 ± 25.55 ng/mL respectively, at a dose of 750 mg.
    • AUC · abstract:Cmax, Tmax and AUC0-¥ were found to be 183.35 ± 37.54 ng/mL, 0.60 ± 0.05 h and 321.12 ± 25.55 ng/mL respectively, at a dose of 750 mg.
    • Cmax · full text, Table 1:cokinetic parameters of CRM after the administration of CRM-LF to human volunteers at a dose of 750 mg. Pharmacokinetic parameters Value (mean ± SEM) Cmax (ng/mL) 183.35 ± 37.54 Tmax (h) 0.60 ± 0.05 t1/2 (h) 12.85 ± 4.57 AUC0–t (ng.h/mL) 231.31 ± 24.45 AUC0–∞ (ng.h/mL) 321.12 ± 25.55
    • Cmax · full text, Section '3.3. Pharmacokinetic Study':In another study, at a 2 g dose, Biocurcumax showed Cmax and AUC0–∞ of 456.88 ng/mL and 3201.28 ng h/mL, which was at a three-fold and six-fold improvement in respective pharmacokinetic parameters as compared to equivalent dose of free CRM [17].
    • Cmax · full text, Section '3.3. Pharmacokinetic Study':Solid lipid CRM particle (SLCP) at a 650 mg dose (equivalent to 130 mg of CRM) from the trademark “Longvida” provided Cmax of 22.43 ng/mL and CRM was detectable upto 8 h post dose [18].
    • Tmax · full text, Table 1:after the administration of CRM-LF to human volunteers at a dose of 750 mg. Pharmacokinetic parameters Value (mean ± SEM) Cmax (ng/mL) 183.35 ± 37.54 Tmax (h) 0.60 ± 0.05 t1/2 (h) 12.85 ± 4.57 AUC0–t (ng.h/mL) 231.31 ± 24.45 AUC0–∞ (ng.h/mL) 321.12 ± 25.55
    • Tmax · full text, Section '3.3. Pharmacokinetic Study':CRM-LF showed biphasic response with Cmax of 183.35 ± 37.54 ng/mL, AUC0–∞ of 321.12 ± 25.55 ng h/mL, while Tmax was observed at 0.60 ± 0.05 h.
    • AUC · full text, Table 1:volunteers at a dose of 750 mg. Pharmacokinetic parameters Value (mean ± SEM) Cmax (ng/mL) 183.35 ± 37.54 Tmax (h) 0.60 ± 0.05 t1/2 (h) 12.85 ± 4.57 AUC0–t (ng.h/mL) 231.31 ± 24.45 AUC0–∞ (ng.h/mL) 321.12 ± 25.55
    • AUC · full text, Section '3.3. Pharmacokinetic Study':In another study, at a 2 g dose, Biocurcumax showed Cmax and AUC0–∞ of 456.88 ng/mL and 3201.28 ng h/mL, which was at a three-fold and six-fold improvement in respective pharmacokinetic parameters as compared to equivalent dose of free CRM [17].
    • AUC · full text, Section '3.3. Pharmacokinetic Study':CRM-LF showed biphasic response with Cmax of 183.35 ± 37.54 ng/mL, AUC0–∞ of 321.12 ± 25.55 ng h/mL, while Tmax was observed at 0.60 ± 0.05 h.
    • Food effect · full text, Section '2.2.2.1. Demographic Data of Healthy Vol':Subjects were admitted 24 h prior to the study drug administration, supervised for at least 10 h of overnight fasting, and confined until collecting the 24 h sample.
    • Food effect · full text, Section '2.2.2.3. Dosing and Blood Sampling':The subjects were dosed after an overnight fasting of 10 h.
    • Food effect · full text, Section '2.2.2.3. Dosing and Blood Sampling':The fasting state was continued for 4 h post dose.
    • Form comparison · full text, Section '3.3. Pharmacokinetic Study':In another study, at a 2 g dose, Biocurcumax showed Cmax and AUC0–∞ of 456.88 ng/mL and 3201.28 ng h/mL, which was at a three-fold and six-fold improvement in respective pharmacokinetic parameters as compared to equivalent dose of free CRM [17].
92. HumanDose-escalation and pharmacokinetic study of nanoparticle curcumin, a potential anticancer agent with improved bioavailability, in healthy human volunteers.
    Cancer Chemother Pharmacol, 2012 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (green)
    PMID 21603867DOI 10.1007/s00280-011-1673-1
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:Plasma curcumin levels were measured at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 24 h after THERACURMIN intake using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
    • Key findings · abstract:CONCLUSION: THERACURMIN can safely increase plasma curcumin levels in a dose-dependent manner at least up to 210 mg without saturating the absorption system.
    • Cmax · abstract:C (max) for THERACURMIN at 150 and 210 mg was 189 ± 48 and 275 ± 67 ng/ml (mean ± SEM), respectively, and the area under the curve for 24 h was estimated to be 2,649 ± 350 and 3,649 ± 430 ng/ml × h (mean ± SEM), respectively.
    • AUC · abstract:C (max) for THERACURMIN at 150 and 210 mg was 189 ± 48 and 275 ± 67 ng/ml (mean ± SEM), respectively, and the area under the curve for 24 h was estimated to be 2,649 ± 350 and 3,649 ± 430 ng/ml × h (mean ± SEM), respectively.
93. HumanCurcumin bioavailability from enriched bread: the effect of microencapsulated ingredients.
    J Agric Food Chem, 2012 · Design: randomized · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (green)
    PMID 22401804DOI 10.1021/jf204517k
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:Human bioavailability of curcumin from breads enriched with 1 g/portion of free curcumin (FCB), encapsulated curcumin (ECB), or encapsulated curcumin plus other polyphenols (ECBB) was evaluated.
    • Key findings · abstract:The concentrations of serum curcuminoids were always below 4 nmol/L and those of glucuronides 10-fold less.
    • Key findings · abstract:Serum and urinary concentrations of ferulic and vanillic acid were between 2- and 1000-fold higher than those of curcuminoids, with ECBB eliciting the highest amounts.
    • Key findings · abstract:Fecal curcuminoids were 6-fold more abundant after ECB than FCB, while phenolic acids after ECBB quadruplicated those after[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The concentrations of serum curcuminoids were always below 4 nmol/L and those of glucuronides 10-fold less.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Serum and urinary concentrations of ferulic and vanillic acid were between 2- and 1000-fold higher than those of curcuminoids, with ECBB eliciting the highest amounts.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Fecal curcuminoids were 6-fold more abundant after ECB than FCB, while phenolic acids after ECBB quadruplicated those after ECB.
94. HumanInvestigation of the absorption mechanism of solubilized curcumin using Caco-2 cell monolayers.
    J Agric Food Chem, 2011 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 21805974DOI 10.1021/jf201451m
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
95. HumanCurcumin-loaded apotransferrin nanoparticles provide efficient cellular uptake and effectively inhibit HIV-1 replication in vitro.
    PLoS One, 2011 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
    PMID 21887247DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0023388PMC3161739 (free full text)PDF
    Verification: full text read; no PK numbers matched
    • Key findings · abstract:While sol-curcumin (GI(50) = 15.6 µM) is twice more toxic than nano-curcumin (GI(50) = 32.5 µM), nano-curcumin (IC(50)<1.75 µM) shows a higher anti-HIV activity compared to sol-curcumin (IC(50) = 5.1 µM).
96. HumanSafety and pharmacokinetics of a solid lipid curcumin particle formulation in osteosarcoma patients and healthy volunteers.
    J Agric Food Chem, 2010 · Design: not stated · n: 11 patients · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 20092313DOI 10.1021/jf9024807
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
    • Key findings · abstract:In healthy subjects, the mean peak concentration of curcumin achieved from dosing 650 mg of SLCP was 22.43 ng/mL, whereas plasma curcumin from dosing an equal quantity of unformulated 95% curcuminoids extract was not detected.
97. HumanCyclodextrin-complexed curcumin exhibits anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activities superior to those of curcumin through higher cellular uptake.
    Biochem Pharmacol, 2010 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (green)
    PMID 20599780DOI 10.1016/j.bcp.2010.06.022PMC2923254 (free full text)
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
98. HumanPharmacokinetics prediction and drugability assessment of diphenylheptanoids from turmeric (Curcuma longa L).
    Med Chem, 2009 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
    PMID 19275711DOI 10.2174/157340609787582873
    Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
99. HumanA Pilot Cross-Over Study to Evaluate Human Oral Bioavailability of BCM-95CG (Biocurcumax), A Novel Bioenhanced Preparation of Curcumin.
    Indian J Pharm Sci, 2008 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (green)
    PMID 20046768DOI 10.4103/0250-474X.44591PMC2792534 (free full text)
    Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
    • Key findings · abstract:In the present clinical study to determine the bioavailability of curcuminoids, a patented formulation, BCM-95((R))CG was tested on human volunteer group.
    • Key findings · abstract:The results of the study indicate that the relative bioavailability of BCM-95((R))CG (Biocurcumax) was about 6.93-fold compared to normal curcumin and about 6.3-fold compared to curcumin-lecithin-piperine formula.
    • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The results of the study indicate that the relative bioavailability of BCM-95((R))CG (Biocurcumax) was about 6.93-fold compared to normal curcumin and about 6.3-fold compared to curcumin-lecithin-piperine formula.
    • Food effect · full text, Section 'Administration of BCM-95®CG (Biocurcumax':After overnight fasting, group1 volunteers (4 numbers) consumed 4×500 mg capsules of BCM-95®CG (Biocurcumax™) while group 2 (4 numbers) and group 3 (3 numbers) consumed control curcumin and equivalent doses of curcumin-lecithin-piperine formula, respectively.
100. HumanPharmacokinetics of curcumin conjugate metabolites in healthy human subjects.
     Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 2008 · Design: randomized · n: n = 6 · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (bronze)
     PMID 18559556DOI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-07-2693PMC4138955 (free full text)
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Cmax · abstract:Based on the pharmacokinetic model, the area under the curve for the 10 and 12 g doses was estimated (mean +/- SE) to be 35.33 +/- 3.78 and 26.57 +/- 2.97 mug/mL x h, respectively, whereas C(max) was 2.30 +/- 0.26 and 1.73 +/- 0.19 mug/mL.
     • Tmax · abstract:The T(max) and t(1/2) were estimated to be 3.29 +/- 0.43 and 6.77 +/- 0.83 h.
     • AUC · abstract:Based on the pharmacokinetic model, the area under the curve for the 10 and 12 g doses was estimated (mean +/- SE) to be 35.33 +/- 3.78 and 26.57 +/- 2.97 mug/mL x h, respectively, whereas C(max) was 2.30 +/- 0.26 and 1.73 +/- 0.19 mug/mL.
101. HumanChili, but not turmeric, inhibits iron absorption in young women from an iron-fortified composite meal.
     J Nutr, 2006 · Design: randomized; crossover; stable-isotope · n: n = 10 · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (bronze)
     PMID 17116705DOI 10.1093/jn/136.12.2970
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:Being rich in phenolic compounds, they would be expected to bind iron (Fe)(3) in the intestine and inhibit Fe absorption in humans.
     • Key findings · abstract:Three experiments were conducted in healthy young women (n = 10/study) to assess the effect of chili and turmeric on Fe absorption from a rice-based meal containing vegetables and iron fortified fish sauce in vivo.
     • Key findings · abstract:Iron absorption was determined by erythrocyte incorporation of stable isotope labels ((57)Fe/(58)Fe) using a randomized crossover design.
     • Key findings · abstract:Addition of freeze-dried chili (4.2 g dry powder, 25 mg polyphenols as gallic acid equivalents) reduced Fe ab[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
     • Food effect · abstract:Three experiments were conducted in healthy young women (n = 10/study) to assess the effect of chili and turmeric on Fe absorption from a rice-based meal containing vegetables and iron fortified fish sauce in vivo.
     • Food effect · abstract:Addition of freeze-dried chili (4.2 g dry powder, 25 mg polyphenols as gallic acid equivalents) reduced Fe absorption from the meal by 38% (6.0% with chili vs. 9.7% without chili, P = 0.0017).
     • Food effect · abstract:A possible effect of chili on gastric acid secretion was indirectly assessed by comparing Fe absorption from acid soluble [(57)Fe]-ferric pyrophosphate relative to water soluble [(58)Fe]-f
102. HumanTransport of liposomal and albumin loaded curcumin to living cells: an absorption and fluorescence spectroscopic study.
     Biochim Biophys Acta, 2006 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 16904830DOI 10.1016/j.bbagen.2006.06.012
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:Using such changes, the average binding constants of curcumin to phosphatidylcholine (PC) liposomes and human serum albumin (HSA) were estimated to be 2.5 x 10(4) M(-1) and 6.1 x 10(4) M(-1) respectively.
     • Key findings · abstract:The fluorescence of curcumin in EL4 lymphoma cells was found to be significantly higher as compared to the lymphocytes.
103. RodentImproved exposure of curcumin-loaded nanocapsules: drug quantification in LPS-induced Drosophila melanogaster and pharmacokinetics in Wistar rats.
     Front Pharmacol, 2025 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
     PMID 41403447DOI 10.3389/fphar.2025.1688992PMC12702928 (free full text)PDF
     Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
     • Key findings · abstract:METHODS: We evaluated the exposure of poly(ε-caprolactone) nanocapsules coated with polysorbate 80 containing CUR (NC-CUR) using a validated bioanalytical approach capable of quantifying CUR in whole-body homogenates of Drosophila melanogaster and in rat plasma.
     • Key findings · abstract:R2 ≥ 0.997) enabled CUR quantification in whole flies and rat plasma.
     • Key findings · abstract:Chronic dietary exposure resulted in markedly higher CUR concentrations in flies treated with NC-CUR than free CUR (up to ∼200 vs. 75 ng/mL; p < 0.001), including under LPS-induced inflammatory conditions.
     • Key findings · abstract:In rats, NC-CUR increased systemic exposure following b[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
     • Tmax · abstract:In rats, NC-CUR increased systemic exposure following both intravenous (AUC0-∞: 1337.8 ± 385.2 vs. 100.4 ± 24.4 h⋅ng/mL; 13.3-fold, p < 0.0001) and oral administration (82.23 ± 31.68 vs. 25.55 ± 7.17 h⋅ng/mL; 3.2-fold, p < 0.01), reduced clearance (0.57 ± 0.18 vs. 7.71 ± 1.81 L/h; p < 0.0001), and accelerated absorption after oral dosing (Tmax: 0.58 ± 0.12 vs. 1.31 ± 0.28 h; p < 0.05).
     • AUC · abstract:In rats, NC-CUR increased systemic exposure following both intravenous (AUC0-∞: 1337.8 ± 385.2 vs. 100.4 ± 24.4 h⋅ng/mL; 13.3-fold, p < 0.0001) and oral administration (82.23 ± 31.68 vs. 25.55 ± 7.17 h⋅ng/mL; 3.2-fold, p < 0.01), reduced clearance (0.57 ± 0.18 vs. 7.71 ± 1.81 L/h; p < 0.0001), and accelerated absorption after oral dosing (Tmax: 0.58 ± 0.12 vs. 1.31 ± 0.28 h; p < 0.05).
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:In rats, NC-CUR increased systemic exposure following both intravenous (AUC0-∞: 1337.8 ± 385.2 vs. 100.4 ± 24.4 h⋅ng/mL; 13.3-fold, p < 0.0001) and oral administration (82.23 ± 31.68 vs. 25.55 ± 7.17 h⋅ng/mL; 3.2-fold, p < 0.01), reduced clearance (0.57 ± 0.18 vs. 7.71 ± 1.81 L/h; p < 0.0001), and accelerated absorption after oral dosing (Tmax: 0.58 ± 0.12 vs. 1.31 ± 0.28 h; p < 0.05).
     • AUC · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics':For intravenous administration, the concentration-time curve from zero to infinity (AUC 0‐∞ ) for CUR was 100.41 ± 24.34 h ng/mL, while for NC-CUR, the AUC 0‐∞ was significantly higher at 1337.8 ± 385.18 h ng/mL (13.3-fold higher, p < 0.0001).
     • AUC · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics':For oral administration, CUR demonstrated an AUC 0‐∞ of 25.55 ± 7.17 h ng/mL, while NC-CUR exhibited a much higher AUC 0‐∞ of 82.23 ± 31.68 h ng/mL (3.22-fold higher, p < 0.01).
     • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics':For intravenous administration, the concentration-time curve from zero to infinity (AUC 0‐∞ ) for CUR was 100.41 ± 24.34 h ng/mL, while for NC-CUR, the AUC 0‐∞ was significantly higher at 1337.8 ± 385.18 h ng/mL (13.3-fold higher, p < 0.0001).
     • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics':The elimination half-life (t1/2) also differed significantly, with CUR showing a t1/2 of 1.77 ± 0.45 h compared to 2.11 ± 1.02 h for NC-CUR (1.2-fold increase, p < 0.01).
     • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics':For oral administration, CUR demonstrated an AUC 0‐∞ of 25.55 ± 7.17 h ng/mL, while NC-CUR exhibited a much higher AUC 0‐∞ of 82.23 ± 31.68 h ng/mL (3.22-fold higher, p < 0.01).
     • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Selectivity and specificity':Furthermore, plasma selectivity and specificity were evaluated using blank rat plasma, alongside blank lipemic and hemolyzed rat plasma, compared with blanks spiked with 3 and 150 ng/mL of CUR and 100 ng/mL of the IS, ensuring no endogenous substances interfered with CUR and IS detection.
     • Form comparison · full text, Section ' In vitro release':NC-CUR exhibited slower diffusion and release compared to CUR, with a diffusion constant of 11.92 ± 0.07 h−1 for NC-CUR and 18.05 ± 0.07 h−1 for CUR.
     • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics':The elimination half-life (t1/2) also differed significantly, with CUR showing a t1/2 of 1.77 ± 0.45 h compared to 2.11 ± 1.02 h for NC-CUR (1.2-fold increase, p < 0.01).
104. RodentEnhanced absorption of prenylated cinnamic acid derivatives from Brazilian green propolis by turmeric in humans and rats.
     Food Sci Nutr, 2024 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (hybrid)
     PMID 39055207DOI 10.1002/fsn3.4116PMC11266932 (free full text)PDF
     Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
     • Key findings · abstract:When the herbal extracts were co-administered with BGP in the clinical study, the area under the curve (AUC) values of artepillin C and drupanin, the major BGP components in plasma, were significantly increased by 1.7- and 1.5-fold, respectively, compared to those after BGP administration alone.
     • AUC · abstract:When the herbal extracts were co-administered with BGP in the clinical study, the area under the curve (AUC) values of artepillin C and drupanin, the major BGP components in plasma, were significantly increased by 1.7- and 1.5-fold, respectively, compared to those after BGP administration alone.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:When the herbal extracts were co-administered with BGP in the clinical study, the area under the curve (AUC) values of artepillin C and drupanin, the major BGP components in plasma, were significantly increased by 1.7- and 1.5-fold, respectively, compared to those after BGP administration alone.
     • AUC · full text, Section 'Co‐administration of a mixture of herbal':When BGP and the herbal extracts were co‐administered, the AUC values of artepillin C and drupanin were 312.9 ± 91.4 and 446.2 ± 144.5 ng/mL h, respectively; these values were 1.7‐ and 1.5‐fold higher than those obtained when BGP was administered alone (p < .05 for each).
     • AUC · full text, Section 'Co‐administration of a mixture of herbal':Furthermore, when BGP and the herbal extracts were co‐administered, the AUC values of capillartemisin A and 3,4‐dihydroxy‐5‐prenylcinnamic acid were 57.0 ± 16.5 and 34.5 ± 12.2 ng/mL h, respectively; these values were 1.6‐ and 1.8‐fold higher than those obtained when BGP was administered alone (p < .05, p = .065, respectively).
     • AUC · full text, Section 'Turmeric extract enhanced the absorption':When BGP was co‐administered with turmeric extract, the AUC value of artepillin C was 1377.2 ± 320.2 ng/mL h, which was significantly 1.4‐fold higher than that when BGP was administered alone (1018.0 ± 184.5 ng/mL h, p < .05).
     • Food effect · full text, Section 'Animal study':Each test sample listed in Table 1 was dissolved in 10% propylene glycol (1 mL per rat) and administered intragastrically to the rats after an overnight fasting period with free access to water.
     • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Turmeric extract enhanced the absorption':When BGP was co‐administered with turmeric extract, the AUC value of capillartemisin A was 365.7 ± 184.5 ng/mL h, a significant 1.7‐fold increase compared with that obtained when BGP was administered alone (p < .05).
     • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Turmeric extract enhanced the absorption':The plasma concentration–time curve of artepillin C exhibited two distinct peaks at 30 min and 6 h after the co‐administration of BGP and turmeric extract, and the concentrations were significantly increased by 1.7‐ and 1.5‐fold, respectively, compared to those after the administration of BGP alone (p < .05).
     • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Turmeric extract enhanced the absorption':The plasma concentration–time curves of drupanin and 3,4‐dihydroxy‐5‐prenylcinnamic acid also revealed significant increases or increasing trends at 30 min and 3 h after the co‐administration of BGP and turmeric extract compared to the ingestion of BGP alone.
105. RodentComparing the Effect of Piperine and Ilepcimide on the Pharmacokinetics of Curcumin in SD Rats.
     Front Pharmacol, 2021 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
     PMID 34776952DOI 10.3389/fphar.2021.725362PMC8586700 (free full text)PDF
     Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
     • Cmax · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetic':After combined administration of CUR and PIP, Cmax of DHC increased by 23%, Tmax decreased by 15.4%, T1/2 increased by 2.4%, AUC(0-tn), Vd and CL decreased by 7.2, 69.2 and 70%, respectively, compared with those of single CUR administration.
     • Cmax · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetic':After combined administration of CUR and ILE, Cmax of DHC increased by 50.8 and 22.7%, Tmax decreased by 30.8 and 18.2%, T1/2 increased by 3.6 times and 3.5 times, and AUC(0-tn) increased by 1.2 times and 1.4 times, respectively, compared with CUR alone and combined administration with PIP.
     • Cmax · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetic':ILE were compared with PIP at the same dose, the Cmax increased by 32.5%, Tmax increased by 1.7 times, T1/2 decreased by 40.2%, and AUC(0-tn) increased by 32.1% (Table 6).
     • Tmax · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetic':After combined administration of CUR and PIP, Cmax of DHC increased by 23%, Tmax decreased by 15.4%, T1/2 increased by 2.4%, AUC(0-tn), Vd and CL decreased by 7.2, 69.2 and 70%, respectively, compared with those of single CUR administration.
     • Tmax · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetic':After combined administration of CUR and ILE, Cmax of DHC increased by 50.8 and 22.7%, Tmax decreased by 30.8 and 18.2%, T1/2 increased by 3.6 times and 3.5 times, and AUC(0-tn) increased by 1.2 times and 1.4 times, respectively, compared with CUR alone and combined administration with PIP.
     • Tmax · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetic':ILE were compared with PIP at the same dose, the Cmax increased by 32.5%, Tmax increased by 1.7 times, T1/2 decreased by 40.2%, and AUC(0-tn) increased by 32.1% (Table 6).
     • AUC · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetic':After combined administration of CUR and PIP, Cmax of DHC increased by 23%, Tmax decreased by 15.4%, T1/2 increased by 2.4%, AUC(0-tn), Vd and CL decreased by 7.2, 69.2 and 70%, respectively, compared with those of single CUR administration.
     • AUC · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetic':After combined administration of CUR and ILE, Cmax of DHC increased by 50.8 and 22.7%, Tmax decreased by 30.8 and 18.2%, T1/2 increased by 3.6 times and 3.5 times, and AUC(0-tn) increased by 1.2 times and 1.4 times, respectively, compared with CUR alone and combined administration with PIP.
     • AUC · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetic':ILE were compared with PIP at the same dose, the Cmax increased by 32.5%, Tmax increased by 1.7 times, T1/2 decreased by 40.2%, and AUC(0-tn) increased by 32.1% (Table 6).
     • Food effect · full text, Section 'Animal':The experiments were performed after 12 h fasting.
     • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetic':After combined administration of CUR and PIP, Cmax of DHC increased by 23%, Tmax decreased by 15.4%, T1/2 increased by 2.4%, AUC(0-tn), Vd and CL decreased by 7.2, 69.2 and 70%, respectively, compared with those of single CUR administration.
     • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetic':After combined administration of CUR and ILE, Cmax of DHC increased by 50.8 and 22.7%, Tmax decreased by 30.8 and 18.2%, T1/2 increased by 3.6 times and 3.5 times, and AUC(0-tn) increased by 1.2 times and 1.4 times, respectively, compared with CUR alone and combined administration with PIP.
     • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetic':Vd was reduced by 58.6% compared with CUR alone administration and increased by 34% compared with CUR and PIP combined.
106. RodentZein Nanoparticles Improve the Oral Bioavailability of Curcumin in Wistar Rats.
     Pharmaceutics, 2021 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
     PMID 33803271DOI 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030361PMC7998273 (free full text)
     Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
     • Key findings · abstract:Overall, nanocurcumin (Nucaps) formulation was well tolerated and showed a 9-fold increase in oral bioavailability when compared to the standard curcumin natural extract.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Overall, nanocurcumin (Nucaps) formulation was well tolerated and showed a 9-fold increase in oral bioavailability when compared to the standard curcumin natural extract.
     • Cmax · full text, Section '3.3. In Vivo Study':Regarding CC, the oral administration of the free curcuminoids reached a peak concentration (Cmax) value of 186 ng/mL in plasma at 6 h.
     • Cmax · full text, Section '3.3. In Vivo Study':In the case of the oral administration of the beta-cyclodextrin complexed curcuminoids (Curarti®) as an aqueous solution, the CC levels in the plasma of animals increased rapidly after administration during the first hour post-administration, showing a high absorption rate and reaching the Cmax at 0.5 h.
     • Cmax · full text, Section '3.3. In Vivo Study':When administered as a suspension (free extract), a high rate of non-detectable levels for DMC was observed in short time periods, indicating a very low absorption profile, and, as a consequence, a low Cmax was obtained over a long time period (17 ng/mL at Tmax equal to 4 h) when compared to the other formulations.
     • Tmax · full text, Section '3.3. In Vivo Study':When administered as a suspension (free extract), a high rate of non-detectable levels for DMC was observed in short time periods, indicating a very low absorption profile, and, as a consequence, a low Cmax was obtained over a long time period (17 ng/mL at Tmax equal to 4 h) when compared to the other formulations.
     • AUC · full text, Section '3.3. In Vivo Study':The AUC values for BDMC from the modified formulation (ranging from 15 to 215 ng·h/mL) were higher than those observed for the curcuminoid suspension (1.1 ng·h/mL for free curcuminoids).
     • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section '3.3. In Vivo Study':Similarly, the peak plasma concentration (Cmax) of DMC in the tested formulations was between 6 and 46 times higher than that of the free curcuminoid extract.
     • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section '3.3. In Vivo Study':Finally, in the analysis of the Fr of DMC, when incorporated into zein nanoparticles (NPZ-CC), the exposure was around 6 times higher than that obtained after oral administration of the free curcuminoids but almost three times lower than the DMC exposure obtained after CPC administration.
     • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section '3.3. In Vivo Study':Accordingly, the Fr of BDMC when incorporated into the modified formulations NPZ-CC, Curarti®, and CPC was calculated to be between 20 and 548 times higher than that for the free curcuminoid administration.
     • Form comparison · full text, Section '3.3. In Vivo Study':When administered as a suspension (free extract), a high rate of non-detectable levels for DMC was observed in short time periods, indicating a very low absorption profile, and, as a consequence, a low Cmax was obtained over a long time period (17 ng/mL at Tmax equal to 4 h) when compared to the other formulations.
107. RodentCurcumin Loaded PEGylated Nanoemulsions Designed for Maintained Antioxidant Effects and Improved Bioavailability: A Pilot Study on Rats.
     Int J Mol Sci, 2021 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
     PMID 34360758DOI 10.3390/ijms22157991PMC8347926 (free full text)
     Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
     • Key findings · abstract:Results from the pharmacokinetic pilot study implied the PEGylated nanoemulsions improved plasma residence of curcumin 20 min after intravenous administration, compared to the non-PEGylated nanoemulsion (two-fold higher) or curcumin solution (three-fold higher).
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Results from the pharmacokinetic pilot study implied the PEGylated nanoemulsions improved plasma residence of curcumin 20 min after intravenous administration, compared to the non-PEGylated nanoemulsion (two-fold higher) or curcumin solution (three-fold higher).
     • Form comparison · full text, Section '2.1. Preparation and Characterization of':A fixed concentration of oil phase, being 20% w/w, was chosen due to higher triglyceride content in these emulsions compared to those containing 10% of the oil phase, lower phospholipid–triglyceride ratio and less interference with lipoprotein lipase activity [28].
     • Form comparison · full text, Section '2.1. Preparation and Characterization of':Therefore, benzyl alcohol, a co-solvent mixable with oils, was used to maximize the incorporation of curcumin, and achieve the concentration of 0.75 mg/mL of curcumin in the NEs, given that the solubility of curcumin in benzyl alcohol was much higher compared to the oils and their mixtures (25 mg/mL).
     • Form comparison · full text, Section '2.3. Curcumin-Loaded Nanoemulsions—Chara':There were no statistically significant differences in Z-ave between placebo and curcumin-loaded formulations, except when 0.3% of PEG-PLs were used (t-test, p < 0.001, CP23 vs.
108. RodentPharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of three oral formulations of curcumin in rats.
     J Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn, 2020 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (green)
     PMID 32020381DOI 10.1007/s10928-020-09675-3PMC7125022 (free full text)
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:Compared to IV CUR, the absolute bioavailability (F) of CUR for GNC (GC) is 0.9%, Vitamin Shoppe (VC) is 0.6% and Sigma (SC) is 3.1%.
     • Key findings · abstract:However, despite the low CUR plasma concentrations, all three oral CUR formulations displayed PD response in the induction of Nrf2-mediated antioxidant genes, suggesting the potential of oral CUR contributing to the overall health beneficial effects of oral CUR.
109. Rodent[Pharmacokinetics of Curcumin Ethosomes in Rats in vitro].
     Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban, 2017 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · unknown
     PMID 28612545
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:RESULTS: Analyzed by non-compartmental method, the area under concentration-time curve from 0 to last time [AUC(0-72h)] of curcumin ethosomes was 1.6 times larger than that of free curcumin, the peak concentration (C max) of curcumin ethosomes was 1.5 times higher than that of free curcumin, the relative bioavailability of curcumin ethosomes was 152.2%.
     • Key findings · abstract:The 90% confidential interval of AUC(0-72 h)was 102.2%-128.5%, which was not in standard interval of bioequialence.
     • Key findings · abstract:Analyzed by compartmental method, the AUC(0-72 h)of curcumin ethosomes was 1.4 times larger than that of free curcumin and t[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
     • Cmax · abstract:RESULTS: Analyzed by non-compartmental method, the area under concentration-time curve from 0 to last time [AUC(0-72h)] of curcumin ethosomes was 1.6 times larger than that of free curcumin, the peak concentration (C max) of curcumin ethosomes was 1.5 times higher than that of free curcumin, the relative bioavailability of curcumin ethosomes was 152.2%.
     • AUC · abstract:RESULTS: Analyzed by non-compartmental method, the area under concentration-time curve from 0 to last time [AUC(0-72h)] of curcumin ethosomes was 1.6 times larger than that of free curcumin, the peak concentration (C max) of curcumin ethosomes was 1.5 times higher than that of free curcumin, the relative bioavailability of curcumin ethosomes was 152.2%.
     • AUC · abstract:The 90% confidential interval of AUC(0-72 h)was 102.2%-128.5%, which was not in standard interval of bioequialence.
     • AUC · abstract:Analyzed by compartmental method, the AUC(0-72 h)of curcumin ethosomes was 1.4 times larger than that of free curcumin and t
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:RESULTS: Analyzed by non-compartmental method, the area under concentration-time curve from 0 to last time [AUC(0-72h)] of curcumin ethosomes was 1.6 times larger than that of free curcumin, the peak concentration (C max) of curcumin ethosomes was 1.5 times higher than that of free curcumin, the relative bioavailability of curcumin ethosomes was 152.2%.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Analyzed by compartmental method, the AUC(0-72 h)of curcumin ethosomes was 1.4 times larger than that of free curcumin and the relative bioavailability of curcumin ethosomes was 128.2%.
110. RodentSelective reduction in the expression of UGTs and SULTs, a novel mechanism by which piperine enhances the bioavailability of curcumin in rat.
     Biopharm Drug Dispos, 2017 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 27882569DOI 10.1002/bdd.2049
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:It was shown that the Cmax and AUC0-t of curcumin were slightly increased by 1.29 and 1.67 fold at a ratio of 20:1, while curcumin exposure was enhanced significantly in all the piperine pre-treated rats (0.5-8 h), peaking at 6 h (a 6.09-fold and 5.97-fold increase in Cmax and AUC0-t , p < 0.01), regardless of the unchanged t1/2 and Tmax .
     • Cmax · abstract:It was shown that the Cmax and AUC0-t of curcumin were slightly increased by 1.29 and 1.67 fold at a ratio of 20:1, while curcumin exposure was enhanced significantly in all the piperine pre-treated rats (0.5-8 h), peaking at 6 h (a 6.09-fold and 5.97-fold increase in Cmax and AUC0-t , p < 0.01), regardless of the unchanged t1/2 and Tmax .
     • Tmax · abstract:It was shown that the Cmax and AUC0-t of curcumin were slightly increased by 1.29 and 1.67 fold at a ratio of 20:1, while curcumin exposure was enhanced significantly in all the piperine pre-treated rats (0.5-8 h), peaking at 6 h (a 6.09-fold and 5.97-fold increase in Cmax and AUC0-t , p < 0.01), regardless of the unchanged t1/2 and Tmax .
     • AUC · abstract:It was shown that the Cmax and AUC0-t of curcumin were slightly increased by 1.29 and 1.67 fold at a ratio of 20:1, while curcumin exposure was enhanced significantly in all the piperine pre-treated rats (0.5-8 h), peaking at 6 h (a 6.09-fold and 5.97-fold increase in Cmax and AUC0-t , p < 0.01), regardless of the unchanged t1/2 and Tmax .
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:It was shown that the Cmax and AUC0-t of curcumin were slightly increased by 1.29 and 1.67 fold at a ratio of 20:1, while curcumin exposure was enhanced significantly in all the piperine pre-treated rats (0.5-8 h), peaking at 6 h (a 6.09-fold and 5.97-fold increase in Cmax and AUC0-t , p < 0.01), regardless of the unchanged t1/2 and Tmax .
111. RodentBioavailability of curcumin and curcumin glucuronide in the central nervous system of mice after oral delivery of nano-curcumin.
     Int J Pharm, 2016 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (bronze)
     PMID 27426105DOI 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.07.027
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:Pharmacokinetic analysis after oral delivery of nano-curcumin in mice demonstrated approximately 20-fold reduction in dose requirement when compared to unformulated curcumin to achieve comparable plasma and central nervous system (CNS) tissue concentrations.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Pharmacokinetic analysis after oral delivery of nano-curcumin in mice demonstrated approximately 20-fold reduction in dose requirement when compared to unformulated curcumin to achieve comparable plasma and central nervous system (CNS) tissue concentrations.
112. Rodent[Pharmacokinetics Study on Curcumin Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin Phospholipid Complex in Rats].
     Zhong Yao Cai, 2015 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · unknown
     PMID 26495662
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:RESULTS: The AUC0-∞ of curcumin hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin phospholipid complex was(1 126. 20 ± 323. 24) g/(L . h), which was 5. 89, 1. 49 and 1. 17 times as curcumin (191. 08 ± 43. 27) µg/( L . h), curcumin phospholipid complex(754. 93 ± 55. 33) µg/(L . h), curcumin hydroxypropyl-β- cyclodextrin(961. 21 ± 253. 65) µg/(L . h).
     • AUC · abstract:RESULTS: The AUC0-∞ of curcumin hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin phospholipid complex was(1 126. 20 ± 323. 24) g/(L . h), which was 5. 89, 1. 49 and 1. 17 times as curcumin (191. 08 ± 43. 27) µg/( L . h), curcumin phospholipid complex(754. 93 ± 55. 33) µg/(L . h), curcumin hydroxypropyl-β- cyclodextrin(961. 21 ± 253. 65) µg/(L . h).
113. RodentPharmacokinetics of curcumin-loaded PLGA and PLGA-PEG blend nanoparticles after oral administration in rats.
     Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 2013 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 23010041DOI 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.06.024
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:The PLGA and PLGA-PEG nanoparticles increased the curcumin mean half-life in approximately 4 and 6h, respectively, and the C(max) of curcumin increased 2.9- and 7.4-fold, respectively.
     • Key findings · abstract:The bioavailability of curcumin-loaded PLGA-PEG nanoparticles was 3.5-fold greater than the curcumin from PLGA nanoparticles.
     • Key findings · abstract:Compared to the curcumin aqueous suspension, the PLGA and PLGA-PEG nanoparticles increased the curcumin bioavailability by 15.6- and 55.4-fold, respectively.
     • Cmax · abstract:The PLGA and PLGA-PEG nanoparticles increased the curcumin mean half-life in approximately 4 and 6h, respectively, and the C(max) of curcumin increased 2.9- and 7.4-fold, respectively.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The PLGA and PLGA-PEG nanoparticles increased the curcumin mean half-life in approximately 4 and 6h, respectively, and the C(max) of curcumin increased 2.9- and 7.4-fold, respectively.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The bioavailability of curcumin-loaded PLGA-PEG nanoparticles was 3.5-fold greater than the curcumin from PLGA nanoparticles.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Compared to the curcumin aqueous suspension, the PLGA and PLGA-PEG nanoparticles increased the curcumin bioavailability by 15.6- and 55.4-fold, respectively.
114. RodentPolymeric curcumin nanoparticle pharmacokinetics and metabolism in bile duct cannulated rats.
     Mol Pharm, 2013 · Design: not stated · n: n = 5 · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (green)
     PMID 23534919DOI 10.1021/mp4000019PMC3683459 (free full text)
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:Nanocurcumin increased the plasma Cmax of curcumin 1749 fold relative to the solvent-solubilized curcumin.
     • Cmax · abstract:Nanocurcumin increased the plasma Cmax of curcumin 1749 fold relative to the solvent-solubilized curcumin.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Nanocurcumin increased the plasma Cmax of curcumin 1749 fold relative to the solvent-solubilized curcumin.
115. RodentEnhancement of curcumin oral absorption and pharmacokinetics of curcuminoids and curcumin metabolites in mice.
     Cancer Chemother Pharmacol, 2012 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (green)
     PMID 21968952DOI 10.1007/s00280-011-1749-yPMC3368221 (free full text)
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:RESULTS: A tenfold increase in the AUC (0→24h) and more than 40-fold increase in the C (max) in mice were observed after an oral dose of NEC compared with suspension curcumin in 1% methylcellulose.
     • Cmax · abstract:RESULTS: A tenfold increase in the AUC (0→24h) and more than 40-fold increase in the C (max) in mice were observed after an oral dose of NEC compared with suspension curcumin in 1% methylcellulose.
     • AUC · abstract:RESULTS: A tenfold increase in the AUC (0→24h) and more than 40-fold increase in the C (max) in mice were observed after an oral dose of NEC compared with suspension curcumin in 1% methylcellulose.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:RESULTS: A tenfold increase in the AUC (0→24h) and more than 40-fold increase in the C (max) in mice were observed after an oral dose of NEC compared with suspension curcumin in 1% methylcellulose.
116. RodentPLGA nanoparticles improve the oral bioavailability of curcumin in rats: characterizations and mechanisms.
     J Agric Food Chem, 2011 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 21797282DOI 10.1021/jf202135j
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:CUR-PLGA-NPs showed about 640-fold in water solubility relative to that of n-CUR.
     • Key findings · abstract:After oral administration of CUR-PLGA-NPs, the relative bioavailability was 5.6-fold and had a longer half-life compared with that of native curcumin.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:CUR-PLGA-NPs showed about 640-fold in water solubility relative to that of n-CUR.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:After oral administration of CUR-PLGA-NPs, the relative bioavailability was 5.6-fold and had a longer half-life compared with that of native curcumin.
117. RodentOptimised nano-formulation on the bioavailability of hydrophobic polyphenol, curcumin, in freely-moving rats.
     Food Chem, 2011 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · not checked (off-topic)
     PMID 25214079DOI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.01.059
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:When curcumin was formulated, a significant increase of curcumin exposure in rat plasma was revealed from the intravenous study (AUC/Dose raised 55%) and the oral study (AUC/Dose increased 21-fold).
     • Key findings · abstract:The oral bioavailability of curcumin at C-NPs was 22-fold higher than conventional curcumin.
     • AUC · abstract:When curcumin was formulated, a significant increase of curcumin exposure in rat plasma was revealed from the intravenous study (AUC/Dose raised 55%) and the oral study (AUC/Dose increased 21-fold).
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:When curcumin was formulated, a significant increase of curcumin exposure in rat plasma was revealed from the intravenous study (AUC/Dose raised 55%) and the oral study (AUC/Dose increased 21-fold).
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The oral bioavailability of curcumin at C-NPs was 22-fold higher than conventional curcumin.
118. RodentDevelopment and evaluation of self-microemulsifying liquid and pellet formulations of curcumin, and absorption studies in rats.
     Eur J Pharm Biopharm, 2010 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 20659556DOI 10.1016/j.ejpb.2010.07.011
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:The in vitro rate and extent of release of curcumin from liquid SMEDDS and SMEDDS pellets was about 16-fold higher than that of unformulated curcumin.
     • Key findings · abstract:Plasma concentration-time profiles from pharmacokinetic studies in rats dosed with liquid and pelleted SMEDDS showed 14- and 10-fold increased absorption of curcumin, respectively, compared to the aqueous suspensions of curcumin.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The in vitro rate and extent of release of curcumin from liquid SMEDDS and SMEDDS pellets was about 16-fold higher than that of unformulated curcumin.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Plasma concentration-time profiles from pharmacokinetic studies in rats dosed with liquid and pelleted SMEDDS showed 14- and 10-fold increased absorption of curcumin, respectively, compared to the aqueous suspensions of curcumin.
119. RodentCurcumin-phospholipid complex: Preparation, therapeutic evaluation and pharmacokinetic study in rats.
     Int J Pharm, 2007 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 17112692DOI 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.09.025
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:Serum concentration of curcumin obtained from the complex (equivalent to 1.0 g/kg of curcumin) was higher (Cmax 1.2 microg/ml) than pure curcumin (1.0 g/kg) (Cmax 0.5 microg/ml) and the complex maintained effective concentration of curcumin for a longer period of time in rat serum.
     • Cmax · abstract:Serum concentration of curcumin obtained from the complex (equivalent to 1.0 g/kg of curcumin) was higher (Cmax 1.2 microg/ml) than pure curcumin (1.0 g/kg) (Cmax 0.5 microg/ml) and the complex maintained effective concentration of curcumin for a longer period of time in rat serum.
120. Other animalStandardized curcumin formulations in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a precision adjunct strategy targeting bioavailability, glycemic control, and immunometabolic inflammation.
     Front Nutr, 2026 · Design: randomized · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
     PMID 42523609DOI 10.3389/fnut.2026.1874887PMC13407164 (free full text)PDF
     Verification: full text read; no PK numbers matched
121. Other animalOptimization of Curcumin-Ascorbic Acid Cocrystal for Enhanced Solubility, Tablettability, and Oral Bioavailability: Structural, Functional, and Pharmacokinetic Insights.
     AAPS PharmSciTech, 2026 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 42728492DOI 10.1208/s12249-026-03540-1
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:It exhibited a significant enhancement in solubility (12-fold in SGF and 13-fold in SIF) compared to neat CUR, attributed to modifications in the crystal lattice structure induced by the coformer.
     • Key findings · abstract:Furthermore, the DoE-optimized cocrystal tablet showed a 6.3-fold increase in oral bioavailability relative to unmodified CUR.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:It exhibited a significant enhancement in solubility (12-fold in SGF and 13-fold in SIF) compared to neat CUR, attributed to modifications in the crystal lattice structure induced by the coformer.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Furthermore, the DoE-optimized cocrystal tablet showed a 6.3-fold increase in oral bioavailability relative to unmodified CUR.
122. Other animalSelf-assembled nano delivery system of fenugreek polysaccharides: Effects on curcumin bioavailability and molecular mechanisms.
     Int J Biol Macromol, 2025 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 39631596DOI 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.138294
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:This study further explored the effect of FS60 on Cur bioavailability in vivo to assess the significance of this delivery method.
     • Key findings · abstract:The Cmax was 51 times higher and AUC0-12h was 19 times higher than curcuminoid alone.
     • Key findings · abstract:Moreover, FS60 intervention for seven days increased the absorption speed of Cur-O-Glu into the bloodstream.
     • Key findings · abstract:Consequently, the nano delivery system composed by FS60 and curcuminoid facilitated gastrointestinal Cur glucuronidation and Cur-O-Glu absorption.
     • Cmax · abstract:The Cmax was 51 times higher and AUC0-12h was 19 times higher than curcuminoid alone.
     • AUC · abstract:The Cmax was 51 times higher and AUC0-12h was 19 times higher than curcuminoid alone.
123. Other animalPhysicochemical Characterization and Oral Bioavailability of Curcumin-Phospholipid Complex Nanosuspensions Prepared Based on Microfluidic System.
     Pharmaceutics, 2025 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
     PMID 40143058DOI 10.3390/pharmaceutics17030395PMC11946702 (free full text)
     Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
     • Key findings · abstract:The results of the pharmacokinetic study showed that the Cmax of curcumin, CUR-NPs, CPC, and CPC-NPs were 133.60 ± 28.10, 270.23 ± 125.42, 1894.43 ± 672.65, and 2163.87 ± 777.36 ng/mL, respectively; the AUC0-t of curcumin, CUR-NPs, CPC, and CPC-NPs were 936.99 ± 201.83, 1155.46 ± 340.38, 5888.79 ± 1073.32, and 9494.28 ± 1863.64 ng/mL/h.
     • Cmax · abstract:The results of the pharmacokinetic study showed that the Cmax of curcumin, CUR-NPs, CPC, and CPC-NPs were 133.60 ± 28.10, 270.23 ± 125.42, 1894.43 ± 672.65, and 2163.87 ± 777.36 ng/mL, respectively; the AUC0-t of curcumin, CUR-NPs, CPC, and CPC-NPs were 936.99 ± 201.83, 1155.46 ± 340.38, 5888.79 ± 1073.32, and 9494.28 ± 1863.64 ng/mL/h.
     • AUC · abstract:The results of the pharmacokinetic study showed that the Cmax of curcumin, CUR-NPs, CPC, and CPC-NPs were 133.60 ± 28.10, 270.23 ± 125.42, 1894.43 ± 672.65, and 2163.87 ± 777.36 ng/mL, respectively; the AUC0-t of curcumin, CUR-NPs, CPC, and CPC-NPs were 936.99 ± 201.83, 1155.46 ± 340.38, 5888.79 ± 1073.32, and 9494.28 ± 1863.64 ng/mL/h.
     • Cmax · full text, Section '3.11. Pharmacokinetics':The results showed that the Cmax of curcumin, CUR-NPs, CPC, and CPC-NPs were 133.60 ± 28.10, 270.23 ± 125.42, 1894.43 ± 672.65, and 2163.87 ± 777.36 ng/mL; the AUC0–t of curcumin, CUR-NPs, CPC, and CPC-NPs were 936.99 ± 201.83, 1155.46 ± 340.38, 5888.79 ± 1073.32, and 9494.28 ± 1863.64 ng/mL/h, respectively.
     • AUC · full text, Section '3.11. Pharmacokinetics':The results showed that the Cmax of curcumin, CUR-NPs, CPC, and CPC-NPs were 133.60 ± 28.10, 270.23 ± 125.42, 1894.43 ± 672.65, and 2163.87 ± 777.36 ng/mL; the AUC0–t of curcumin, CUR-NPs, CPC, and CPC-NPs were 936.99 ± 201.83, 1155.46 ± 340.38, 5888.79 ± 1073.32, and 9494.28 ± 1863.64 ng/mL/h, respectively.
     • Food effect · full text, Section '2.2. Animals':The animals were fasted 12 h prior to the experiment and had free access to water.
124. Other animalAn Effective Oral Nanodelivery Material for Curcumin: Ingenious Utilization of Gastrointestinal Absorption Characteristics.
     Molecules, 2025 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
     PMID 40572500DOI 10.3390/molecules30122536PMC12196007 (free full text)
     Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
     • Key findings · abstract:CPP5 facilitates efficient cellular internalization of therapeutic agents, while the incorporation of phosphoserine serves as a charge reversal strategy.
     • Key findings · abstract:The Caco-2 cellular uptake of curcumin-loaded carriers was 2.26 times higher than that of free drugs.
     • Key findings · abstract:In the in vivo experiments, compared with free curcumin, its Cmax and AUC0-t achieved improvements of 2.60 times and 14.70 times, respectively.
     • Cmax · abstract:In the in vivo experiments, compared with free curcumin, its Cmax and AUC0-t achieved improvements of 2.60 times and 14.70 times, respectively.
     • AUC · abstract:In the in vivo experiments, compared with free curcumin, its Cmax and AUC0-t achieved improvements of 2.60 times and 14.70 times, respectively.
     • Cmax · full text, Section '2.5.2. In Vivo Pharmacokinetic Study in ':Pharmacokinetic analysis with DAS 2.0 software showed that the Cmax, AUC0-t, and MRT0-t of the nanoformulation were 2.60 times, 14.70 times, and 5.95 times higher than those of CUR, respectively.
     • AUC · full text, Section '2.5.2. In Vivo Pharmacokinetic Study in ':Pharmacokinetic analysis with DAS 2.0 software showed that the Cmax, AUC0-t, and MRT0-t of the nanoformulation were 2.60 times, 14.70 times, and 5.95 times higher than those of CUR, respectively.
     • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section '2.5.1. Single-Pass Intestinal Perfusion ':At 2 h, the cumulative absorption percentage of the carrier formulation was 1.28 times higher than the CUR solution in the duodenum, followed by 1.12 times in the jejunum, 1.15 times in the ileum, and 1.69 times in the colon (Table 5).
     • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section '2.5.2. In Vivo Pharmacokinetic Study in ':Pharmacokinetic analysis with DAS 2.0 software showed that the Cmax, AUC0-t, and MRT0-t of the nanoformulation were 2.60 times, 14.70 times, and 5.95 times higher than those of CUR, respectively.
     • Food effect · full text, Section '3.7.1. Single-Pass Intestinal Perfusion':The methodology for HPLC quantification of CUR in single-pass intestinal perfusion experiments was established to ensure analytical accuracy and reproducibility, then six Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats (body weight: 220 ± 20 g; equal numbers of males and females) were fasted for 24 h with free access to water prior to the experiment.
     • Food effect · full text, Section '3.7.2. Pharmacokinetics Study in Rats':Twelve SD rats (220 ± 20 g, equal numbers of males and females) were fasted for 24 h with free access to water and randomly allocated into two groups (n = 6 per group).
     • Form comparison · full text, Section '2.4.1. Cellular Uptake':The nanocarrier C60-CPP5/Pser enhanced the cellular uptake of CUR by 2.26 times compared to CUR, demonstrating its significant role in promoting CUR internalization in Caco-2 cells.
     • Form comparison · full text, Section '3.4.1. Drug Loading':The drug loading (DL) and entrapment efficiency (EE) were calculated according to Equations (1) and (2) based on the drug content determined using the established CUR method.(1) DL%= The amount of drug in the C60Total amount of medication ×100%,(2) EE%=Amount of drug encapsulated in C60Total amount of drug encapsulated versus unencapsulated in C60×100%,
125. Other animalSpherical and fibrillar ovalbumin aggregates: Tailoring oleogel-based Pickering emulsions for improved curcumin bioavailability and anti-inflammatory effects.
     Int J Biol Macromol, 2025 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 40865836DOI 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.147143
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:It was found that OVA aggregates with fibrillar morphology (OFA) exhibited higher surface hydrophobicity (1545 ± 6.2), interfacial adsorption efficiency, and the ability to form more stable OPEs with smaller droplet sizes (44.2 ± 0.1 μm).
126. Other animalEnhanced Dissolution and Bioavailability of Curcumin Nanocrystals Prepared by Hot Melt Extrusion Technology.
     Int J Nanomedicine, 2024 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
     PMID 38895153DOI 10.2147/IJN.S463918PMC11182756 (free full text)PDF
     Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
     • Key findings · abstract:The Cmax of Cur in the Cur-NC group was 1.68 times that of pure Cur group, and the Cmax and area under the curve (AUC0-∞) of metabolites were 2.79 and 4.07 times compared with pure Cur group.
     • Cmax · abstract:The Cmax of Cur in the Cur-NC group was 1.68 times that of pure Cur group, and the Cmax and area under the curve (AUC0-∞) of metabolites were 2.79 and 4.07 times compared with pure Cur group.
     • AUC · abstract:The Cmax of Cur in the Cur-NC group was 1.68 times that of pure Cur group, and the Cmax and area under the curve (AUC0-∞) of metabolites were 2.79 and 4.07 times compared with pure Cur group.
     • Cmax · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics in vivo':Owing to the rapid metabolism of Cur in vivo, it could be seen that the Cmax (Figure 10A) of the prototype in Cur-NC group was 103.588 ± 12.275 ng/mL, which was 1.68 times higher than that of pure Cur group (61.532 ± 25.619 ng/mL, p<0.05).
     • Cmax · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics in vivo':Overall, the Cmax and AUC0-∞ of metabolites in Cur-NC group were 2.79 times and 4.07 times higher than those of Cur group (Table 2), indicating that there was a considerable increase in the absorption of Cur-NC.
     • Cmax · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics in vivo':There were two peaks in each concentration-time curve, which might be the result of enterohepatic circulation, that is, metabolites entered the small intestine with bile, after which were hydrolyzed and reabsorbed.60 The Cmax of Cur-NC prepared by Wang et al57 using high-pressure homogenization process was 27.95 ± 2.50 ng/mL, and the enterohepatic circulation also occurred.
     • AUC · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics in vivo':Overall, the Cmax and AUC0-∞ of metabolites in Cur-NC group were 2.79 times and 4.07 times higher than those of Cur group (Table 2), indicating that there was a considerable increase in the absorption of Cur-NC.
     • AUC · full text, Section 'Conclusion':As shown by the research results, the cumulative dissolution percentage of Cur-NCs could reach 80% within 2 min, and animal experiment showed that the AUC of metabolites in Cur-NC group was 4.07 times higher than that in Cur group, which laid a foundation for giving full play to the pharmacological activities of Cur.
     • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics in vivo':Owing to the rapid metabolism of Cur in vivo, it could be seen that the Cmax (Figure 10A) of the prototype in Cur-NC group was 103.588 ± 12.275 ng/mL, which was 1.68 times higher than that of pure Cur group (61.532 ± 25.619 ng/mL, p<0.05).
     • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics in vivo':Overall, the Cmax and AUC0-∞ of metabolites in Cur-NC group were 2.79 times and 4.07 times higher than those of Cur group (Table 2), indicating that there was a considerable increase in the absorption of Cur-NC.
     • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'Conclusion':As shown by the research results, the cumulative dissolution percentage of Cur-NCs could reach 80% within 2 min, and animal experiment showed that the AUC of metabolites in Cur-NC group was 4.07 times higher than that in Cur group, which laid a foundation for giving full play to the pharmacological activities of Cur.
     • Food effect · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics in vivo':Rats were fasted but allowed to drink freely for 12 h before oral administration at a single dose of 200 mg/kg.
     • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Powder Dissolution':Additionally, it was observed that the sample with 50% drug loading dissolved more rapidly in 2 and 5 min compared to the other two samples at the same dosage, suggesting that with the increase of drug loading, the hydrophilicity of EEP deteriorated, resulting in a slight decrease of dissolution rate.
127. Other animalImproving the Dissolution Rate and Bioavailability of Curcumin via Co-Crystallization.
     Pharmaceuticals (Basel), 2024 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
     PMID 38675449DOI 10.3390/ph17040489PMC11053631 (free full text)
     Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
     • Key findings · abstract:Pharmacokinetic studies were performed in rats and the results showed that compared to pure CUR, CUR-L-CN exhibited 6.3-times-higher AUC0-t and 10.7-times-higher Cmax.
     • Cmax · abstract:Pharmacokinetic studies were performed in rats and the results showed that compared to pure CUR, CUR-L-CN exhibited 6.3-times-higher AUC0-t and 10.7-times-higher Cmax.
     • AUC · abstract:Pharmacokinetic studies were performed in rats and the results showed that compared to pure CUR, CUR-L-CN exhibited 6.3-times-higher AUC0-t and 10.7-times-higher Cmax.
     • Cmax · full text, Section '2.9. In Vivo Bioavailability':The Cmax (plasma peak concentration) of the co-crystal and the marketed CUR are 727.8 ng·mL−1 and 67.9 ng·mL−1, respectively.
     • Cmax · full text, Section '2.9. In Vivo Bioavailability':The CUR-L-CN co-crystal generates 10.7 times more Cmax than that of CUR itself.
     • Cmax · full text, Section '5. Conclusions':The results showed that compared to pure CUR, CUR-L-CN exhibited 6.3-times-higher AUC0–8h and 10.7-times-higher Cmax.
     • AUC · full text, Section '2.9. In Vivo Bioavailability':In addition, the AUC0−8h (area under the concentration curve) values of CUR-L-CN and CUR are 692.5 ng·h·mL−1 and 109.9 ng·h·mL−1, respectively.
     • AUC · full text, Section '2.9. In Vivo Bioavailability':The co-crystal generates 6.3 times more AUC0−8h than that of CUR itself.
     • AUC · full text, Section '5. Conclusions':The results showed that compared to pure CUR, CUR-L-CN exhibited 6.3-times-higher AUC0–8h and 10.7-times-higher Cmax.
     • Form comparison · full text, Section '4.9. DVS':The DVS data were collected in an RH range of 0–95%.
     • Form comparison · full text, Section '5. Conclusions':The results showed that compared to pure CUR, CUR-L-CN exhibited 6.3-times-higher AUC0–8h and 10.7-times-higher Cmax.
128. Other animalPreparation of curcumin-loaded chitosan/lecithin nanoparticles with increased anti-oxidant activity and in vivo bioavailability.
     Int J Biol Macromol, 2024 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (bronze)
     PMID 39423985DOI 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.136659
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:Moreover, the in vivo pharmacokinetic studies showed that the CCL NPs could lead to a ~ 2.64-fold increase in oral bioavailability compared with that of free Cur.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Moreover, the in vivo pharmacokinetic studies showed that the CCL NPs could lead to a ~ 2.64-fold increase in oral bioavailability compared with that of free Cur.
129. Other animalA chitosan/alginate coated nano-liposome to improve intestinal absorption of curcumin for oral administration.
     Food Sci Biotechnol, 2024 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (green)
     PMID 38623436DOI 10.1007/s10068-023-01461-4PMC11016035 (free full text)
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:In the in vivo pharmacokinetic study in rats, the CNL-CH/AL-treated group showed a prolonged absorption pattern of curcumin and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 h (AUC0-24) was improved 109-fold compared to the control group treated with a curcumin solution without a nanocarrier.
     • AUC · abstract:In the in vivo pharmacokinetic study in rats, the CNL-CH/AL-treated group showed a prolonged absorption pattern of curcumin and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 h (AUC0-24) was improved 109-fold compared to the control group treated with a curcumin solution without a nanocarrier.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:In the in vivo pharmacokinetic study in rats, the CNL-CH/AL-treated group showed a prolonged absorption pattern of curcumin and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 h (AUC0-24) was improved 109-fold compared to the control group treated with a curcumin solution without a nanocarrier.
130. Other animalMaintained particulate integrity of soy protein nanoparticles during gastrointestinal digestion via genipin crosslinking enhancing stability and bioavailability of curcumin.
     Int J Biol Macromol, 2024 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 38889834DOI 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133213
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:Furthermore, in vivo experiment on rats showed that Cur encapsulated in GSPNPs exhibited a slowed down and sustained absorption manner with an 8.11-fold improvement in its bioavailability.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Furthermore, in vivo experiment on rats showed that Cur encapsulated in GSPNPs exhibited a slowed down and sustained absorption manner with an 8.11-fold improvement in its bioavailability.
131. Other animalBrain Targeted Curcumin Loaded Turmeric Oil Microemulsion Protects Against Trimethyltin Induced Neurodegeneration in Adult Zebrafish: A Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Insight.
     Pharm Res, 2023 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 36703027DOI 10.1007/s11095-022-03467-9
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:RESULTS: The in vivo plasma and brain pharmacokinetics showed 2-fold and 1.87-fold improvement respectively.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:RESULTS: The in vivo plasma and brain pharmacokinetics showed 2-fold and 1.87-fold improvement respectively.
132. Other animalEnhanced Pharmacokinetics and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Curcumin Using Dry Emulsion as Drug Delivery Vehicle.
     Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet, 2023 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 36800055DOI 10.1007/s13318-023-00819-7
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
133. Other animalEnhanced in vivo absorption and biodistribution of curcumin loaded into emulsions with high medium-chain triglyceride content.
     Food Res Int, 2023 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (hybrid)
     PMID 37986458DOI 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113595
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:Nevertheless, emulsions with a high oil content (50%) may offer some advantages due to the large amount of compound they can incorporate.
     • Key findings · abstract:After the oral administration of the systems (150 mg curcumin/kg body weight), curcumin glucuronide was the main compound present in plasma (AUC0-t = 1556.3 ng·h·ml-1), especially at 2-4 h post-administration.
     • Key findings · abstract:The total curcuminoid bioavailability was increased by 10.6-fold when rats were fed with the curcumin emulsion rather than with a control suspension.
     • AUC · abstract:After the oral administration of the systems (150 mg curcumin/kg body weight), curcumin glucuronide was the main compound present in plasma (AUC0-t = 1556.3 ng·h·ml-1), especially at 2-4 h post-administration.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The total curcuminoid bioavailability was increased by 10.6-fold when rats were fed with the curcumin emulsion rather than with a control suspension.
     • Food effect · abstract:The total curcuminoid bioavailability was increased by 10.6-fold when rats were fed with the curcumin emulsion rather than with a control suspension.
     • Food effect · abstract:Moreover, rats fed with the emulsion showed the highest accumulation of free curcuminoids, which present the highest biological activity, in the liver (129 ng curcumin/g tissue) and brown adipose tissue (193 ng curcumin/g tissue).
134. Other animalCationic Ester Prodrugs of Curcumin with N,N-dimethyl Amino Acid Promoieties Improved Poor Water Solubility and Intestinal Absorption.
     Pharm Res, 2023 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 37081301DOI 10.1007/s11095-023-03500-5
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:The Cur prodrugs enhanced the absolute oral bioavailability of Cur by a 9- and threefold increase of suspended and dissolved Cur administration, respectively, thereby improving intestinal absorption.
135. Other animalLipid/Clay-Based Solid Dispersion Formulation for Improving the Oral Bioavailability of Curcumin.
     Pharmaceutics, 2022 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
     PMID 36365088DOI 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112269PMC9697399 (free full text)
     Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
     • Key findings · abstract:Furthermore, the LSD formulation had significantly improved oral absorption of curcumin in rats, where Cmax and AUC of curcumin were 13- and 23-fold higher for the LSD formulation than for the pure drug.
     • Cmax · abstract:Furthermore, the LSD formulation had significantly improved oral absorption of curcumin in rats, where Cmax and AUC of curcumin were 13- and 23-fold higher for the LSD formulation than for the pure drug.
     • AUC · abstract:Furthermore, the LSD formulation had significantly improved oral absorption of curcumin in rats, where Cmax and AUC of curcumin were 13- and 23-fold higher for the LSD formulation than for the pure drug.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Furthermore, the LSD formulation had significantly improved oral absorption of curcumin in rats, where Cmax and AUC of curcumin were 13- and 23-fold higher for the LSD formulation than for the pure drug.
     • Cmax · full text, Table 3:kinetic parameters following an oral administration of curcumin in different formulations to rats (Mean ± S.D, n = 6). Parameter Pure Curcumin LSD-F3 Cmax (ng/mL) 11.8 ± 7.19 147 ± 49.5 * Tmax (h) 0.38 ± 0.26 0.42 ± 0.20 AUC0–8h (ng·h/mL) 7.82 ± 7.02 185 ± 31.7 *
     • Tmax · full text, Table 3:dministration of curcumin in different formulations to rats (Mean ± S.D, n = 6). Parameter Pure Curcumin LSD-F3 Cmax (ng/mL) 11.8 ± 7.19 147 ± 49.5 * Tmax (h) 0.38 ± 0.26 0.42 ± 0.20 AUC0–8h (ng·h/mL) 7.82 ± 7.02 185 ± 31.7 *
     • AUC · full text, Table 3:erent formulations to rats (Mean ± S.D, n = 6). Parameter Pure Curcumin LSD-F3 Cmax (ng/mL) 11.8 ± 7.19 147 ± 49.5 * Tmax (h) 0.38 ± 0.26 0.42 ± 0.20 AUC0–8h (ng·h/mL) 7.82 ± 7.02 185 ± 31.7 *
     • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section '3.2.2. Solubility':While pure drug powder exhibited very low aqueous solubility of 0.05 µg/mL, LSD-F3 formulation significantly enhanced the aqueous solubility of curcumin to 19.66 ± 0.46 µg/mL, which was about 400-fold higher than that of pure drug powder.
     • Food effect · full text, Section '2.8. Pharmacokinetic Studies':Before the experiments, rats were fasted for 12 h and divided into two groups (n = 6 per group).
136. Other animalPolysaccharide-Zein Composite Nanoparticles for Enhancing Cellular Uptake and Oral Bioavailability of Curcumin: Characterization, Anti-colorectal Cancer Effect, and Pharmacokinetics.
     Front Nutr, 2022 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
     PMID 35308263DOI 10.3389/fnut.2022.846282PMC8924582 (free full text)PDF
     Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
     • Key findings · abstract:The three PS-Zein-CUR formulations had significantly higher (17-22%) CUR encapsulation efficiency (EE) than Zein-CUR.
     • Key findings · abstract:Further pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution assays in a CRC subcutaneous xenograft model in nude mice corroborated the enhanced pharmacokinetic properties of intragastric administration of HA-Zein-CUR compared with that of free CUR (3 times higher C max and 9.18 times higher plasma AUC).
     • Cmax · abstract:Further pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution assays in a CRC subcutaneous xenograft model in nude mice corroborated the enhanced pharmacokinetic properties of intragastric administration of HA-Zein-CUR compared with that of free CUR (3 times higher C max and 9.18 times higher plasma AUC).
     • AUC · abstract:Further pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution assays in a CRC subcutaneous xenograft model in nude mice corroborated the enhanced pharmacokinetic properties of intragastric administration of HA-Zein-CUR compared with that of free CUR (3 times higher C max and 9.18 times higher plasma AUC).
     • Cmax · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution':Following intragastric administration of HA-Zein-CUR, the plasma concentration of CUR increased gradually and reached 208.37 μg/L (Cmax) at 4 h, which was threefold higher than that achieved with the administration of free CUR (76.73 ± 12.27 ng/g).
     • Cmax · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution':Compared to free CUR, intragastric administration of HA-Zein-CUR resulted in a significantly higher Cmax of CUR in the tumors (280.33 ± 54.86 vs. 76.73 ± 12.27 ng/g) and a longer Tmax (4 h vs. 1 h) (Figure 6B).
     • Cmax · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution':For HA-Zein-CUR, Cmax appeared at 4 h in all the organs assayed except colon.
     • Tmax · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution':Tmax of free CUR was at 0.5 h.
     • Tmax · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution':Compared to free CUR, intragastric administration of HA-Zein-CUR resulted in a significantly higher Cmax of CUR in the tumors (280.33 ± 54.86 vs. 76.73 ± 12.27 ng/g) and a longer Tmax (4 h vs. 1 h) (Figure 6B).
     • AUC · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution':The superior pharmacokinetic profile of CUR accomplished with HA-Zein-CUR when compared to that accomplished with free CUR was also reflected in the much higher (9.18 times) area under curve (AUC0–t) of the former than the latter.
     • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution':Remarkably, the Cmax (7070.72 ± 1509.59 ng/g) in the colon achieved with HA-Zein-CUR was 6.19-fold higher than that achieved with free CUR.
     • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution':Even after 24 h, CUR concentration in the colon following administration of HA-Zein-CUR remained at 1101.44 ± 291.84 ng/g, which was 32.44-fold higher than that in the free CUR group.
     • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Effect of Curcumin-Loaded Composite Nano':Compared with free CUR, PS-Zein-CUR did not promote (GA even decreased) the uptake or accumulation of CUR in the CRC cells after incubation for 4 h.
     • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution':The superior pharmacokinetic profile of CUR accomplished with HA-Zein-CUR when compared to that accomplished with free CUR was also reflected in the much higher (9.18 times) area under curve (AUC0–t) of the former than the latter.
     • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution':Compared to free CUR, intragastric administration of HA-Zein-CUR resulted in a significantly higher Cmax of CUR in the tumors (280.33 ± 54.86 vs. 76.73 ± 12.27 ng/g) and a longer Tmax (4 h vs. 1 h) (Figure 6B).
137. Other animalBioenhancing effects of piperine and curcumin on triterpenoid pharmacokinetics and neurodegenerative metabolomes from Centella asiatica extract in beagle dogs.
     Sci Rep, 2022 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
     PMID 36456663DOI 10.1038/s41598-022-24935-7PMC9715946 (free full text)
     Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
     • Key findings · abstract:The combination of Centell-S and piperine significantly increased (p < 0.05) the systemic exposure of madecassoside on day 1 and asiatic acid on day 7, by approximately 1.5 to 3.0-fold of Cmax and AUC values as compared to the Centell-S alone, while the addition of curcumin did not provide a significant improvement.
     • Cmax · abstract:The combination of Centell-S and piperine significantly increased (p < 0.05) the systemic exposure of madecassoside on day 1 and asiatic acid on day 7, by approximately 1.5 to 3.0-fold of Cmax and AUC values as compared to the Centell-S alone, while the addition of curcumin did not provide a significant improvement.
     • AUC · abstract:The combination of Centell-S and piperine significantly increased (p < 0.05) the systemic exposure of madecassoside on day 1 and asiatic acid on day 7, by approximately 1.5 to 3.0-fold of Cmax and AUC values as compared to the Centell-S alone, while the addition of curcumin did not provide a significant improvement.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The combination of Centell-S and piperine significantly increased (p < 0.05) the systemic exposure of madecassoside on day 1 and asiatic acid on day 7, by approximately 1.5 to 3.0-fold of Cmax and AUC values as compared to the Centell-S alone, while the addition of curcumin did not provide a significant improvement.
     • Cmax · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetic parameters':Among the experimental groups that received different bioenhancers, the Cmax values for madecassoside (875.95 ± 101.63 µg/L), asiaticoside (411.53 ± 13.15 µg/L) and asiatic acid (3751.53 ± 1219.25 µg/L) were the highest in the group that received oral administration of Centell-S plus piperine, and were significantly higher than the group that received Centell-S alone (p < 0.05).
     • Cmax · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetic parameters':On the other hand, the Cmax value of asiaticoside (217.38 ± 61.62 µg/L) after oral administration of Centell-S plus curcumin exhibited a significantly lower value than the group that received an oral administration of Centell-S alone (p < 0.05).
     • AUC · full text, Table 2:.08 ± 158.92 693.35 ± 86.05 759.83 ± 324.56 Tmaxb (h) 2.00 (0.00) 1.50 (1.00) 2.00 (0.25) 3.00 (2.00) 2.00 (0.50) 3.00 (2.00) 1.50 (1.00) 1.00 (0.63) AUC0–24a (µg h/L) 3798 ± 837 4734 ± 347 4958 ± 229* 4891 ± 1080 3173 ± 543 3771 ± 322 3963 ± 363 4647 ± 757 AUC0–infa (µg h/L) 4300 ± 727 5044 ± 214 5367 ± 420* 5164 ± 1215 3766 ± 1533 3903 ± 190 4480 ± 557 4970 ± 613 Rate of bioavailability (1/h) 1.
     • AUC · full text, Table 3:6.13 ± 63.89* 314.45 ± 38.90 376.03 ± 23.99 Tmaxb (h) 2.00 (0.00) 1.50 (1.00) 2.00 (0.25) 2.00 (0.50) 1.50 (1.50) 2.00 (0.00) 1.50 (1.00) 0.75 (0.75) AUC0–24a (µg h/L) 2844 ± 315 3364 ± 449 3146 ± 288 1812 ± 500* 1245 ± 429* 1379 ± 224* 1638 ± 263* 1536 ± 180* AUC0–infa (µg h/L) 5664 ± 385 5997 ± 458 5687 ± 428 2144 ± 623* 1452 ± 613* 1723 ± 552* 1941 ± 315* 1599 ± 147* Rate of bioavailability (1/
     • Food effect · full text, Section 'Animals':The dogs were fasted overnight prior to the start of the experiment and up to 4 h post‐administration of the test compounds, but water was freely accessible.
138. Other animalComparative Study of Preparation, Evaluation, and Pharmacokinetics in Beagle Dogs of Curcumin β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex, Curcumin Solid Dispersion, and Curcumin Phospholipid Complex.
     Molecules, 2022 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
     PMID 35566349DOI 10.3390/molecules27092998PMC9102399 (free full text)
     Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
     • Key findings · abstract:The validated UPLC-MS assay was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic and bioavailability studies of curcumin in beagle dog plasma, which were collected after dosing at 0 min (predose), 5 min, 15 min, 30 min, 40 min, 50 min, 1.5 h, 3 h, 4.5 h, 5.5 h, 6 h, 6.5 h, 9 h, and 24 h.
     • Key findings · abstract:The relative bioavailabilities of CUR-β-CD, CUR-PEG-6000, and CUR-HSPC were 231.94%, 272.37%, and 196.42%, respectively.
     • Key findings · abstract:This confirmed that CUR-β-CD, CUR-HSPC, and especially CUR-PEG-6000 could effectively improve the bioavailability of curcumin.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The relative bioavailabilities of CUR-β-CD, CUR-PEG-6000, and CUR-HSPC were 231.94%, 272.37%, and 196.42%, respectively.
     • Cmax · full text, Table 1:as mean ± S.D., n = 6). Components Parameters Unmodified Curcumin CUR-β-CD CUR-PEG-6000 CUR-HSPC CUR t1/2(h) / 22.45 ± 30.48 1.60 ± 0.92 8.25 ± 5.50 Cmax(ng/mL) 7.95 ± 3.71 25.49 ± 27.97 35.03 ± 61.29 12.66 ± 6.16 Tmax(h) 0.35 ± 0.24 2.72 ± 2.95 1.96 ± 3.46 2.61 ± 2.86 AUC0-24h(h·ng/mL) 14.42 ± 15.19 31.26 ± 20.98 47.07 ± 79.84 38.31 ± 14.66 Vd(L/kg) / 88,116.10 ± 80,285.16 167,082.26 ± 266,551.49
     • Tmax · full text, Table 1:n CUR-β-CD CUR-PEG-6000 CUR-HSPC CUR t1/2(h) / 22.45 ± 30.48 1.60 ± 0.92 8.25 ± 5.50 Cmax(ng/mL) 7.95 ± 3.71 25.49 ± 27.97 35.03 ± 61.29 12.66 ± 6.16 Tmax(h) 0.35 ± 0.24 2.72 ± 2.95 1.96 ± 3.46 2.61 ± 2.86 AUC0-24h(h·ng/mL) 14.42 ± 15.19 31.26 ± 20.98 47.07 ± 79.84 38.31 ± 14.66 Vd(L/kg) / 88,116.10 ± 80,285.16 167,082.26 ± 266,551.49 40,667.88 ± 12,737.62 CL(L/h/kg) / 6103.77 ± 4234.69 48,352.49
     • AUC · full text, Table 1:0.48 1.60 ± 0.92 8.25 ± 5.50 Cmax(ng/mL) 7.95 ± 3.71 25.49 ± 27.97 35.03 ± 61.29 12.66 ± 6.16 Tmax(h) 0.35 ± 0.24 2.72 ± 2.95 1.96 ± 3.46 2.61 ± 2.86 AUC0-24h(h·ng/mL) 14.42 ± 15.19 31.26 ± 20.98 47.07 ± 79.84 38.31 ± 14.66 Vd(L/kg) / 88,116.10 ± 80,285.16 167,082.26 ± 266,551.49 40,667.88 ± 12,737.62 CL(L/h/kg) / 6103.77 ± 4234.69 48,352.49 ± 67,003.59 4554.86 ± 3103.81 CUR II t1/2(h) / 27.64 ± 3
     • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section '2.5. Pharmacokinetic Study':The relative bioavailability of CUR-β-CD, CUR-PEG-6000, and CUR-HSPC was 231.94%, 272.37%, and 196.42%, respectively.
     • Food effect · full text, Section 'Group and Administration of Beagle Dogs':All beagle dogs were fasted 12 h before oral drug capsules.
139. Other animalFormulation optimization of solid self-microemulsifying pellets for enhanced oral bioavailability of curcumin.
     Pharm Dev Technol, 2021 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 33688786DOI 10.1080/10837450.2021.1899203
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:Results from the pharmacokinetic study in rabbits showed that the AUC0-τ of the curcumin S-SMEDDS pellets and curcumin suspension were 5.91 ± 0.28 µg/mL·h and 2.05 ± 0.04 µg/mL·h, while the relative bioavailability was 289.30%.
     • AUC · abstract:Results from the pharmacokinetic study in rabbits showed that the AUC0-τ of the curcumin S-SMEDDS pellets and curcumin suspension were 5.91 ± 0.28 µg/mL·h and 2.05 ± 0.04 µg/mL·h, while the relative bioavailability was 289.30%.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Results from the pharmacokinetic study in rabbits showed that the AUC0-τ of the curcumin S-SMEDDS pellets and curcumin suspension were 5.91 ± 0.28 µg/mL·h and 2.05 ± 0.04 µg/mL·h, while the relative bioavailability was 289.30%.
140. Other animalImprovement of the bioavailability of curcumin by a supersaturatable self nanoemulsifying drug delivery system with incorporation of a hydrophilic polymer: in vitro and in vivo characterisation.
     J Pharm Pharmacol, 2021 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 33772289DOI 10.1093/jpp/rgaa073
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:Compared with CUR-SNEDDS, the proportion of CUR in the hydrophilic phase increased by about 3-fold, and apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) in duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon increased by 2.30, 3.65, 1.54 and 2.08-fold, respectively, and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve0-12h of PI-CUR-SNEDDS also increased by 3.50-fold.
     • Key findings · abstract:CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggested that HPMC55-60 maintained the CUR supersaturation state by forming hydrogen bonds with CUR, increasing the solution's viscosity and drug solubilisation, thus improving the absorption and bioavailability of CUR.
     • AUC · abstract:Compared with CUR-SNEDDS, the proportion of CUR in the hydrophilic phase increased by about 3-fold, and apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) in duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon increased by 2.30, 3.65, 1.54 and 2.08-fold, respectively, and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve0-12h of PI-CUR-SNEDDS also increased by 3.50-fold.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Compared with CUR-SNEDDS, the proportion of CUR in the hydrophilic phase increased by about 3-fold, and apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) in duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon increased by 2.30, 3.65, 1.54 and 2.08-fold, respectively, and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve0-12h of PI-CUR-SNEDDS also increased by 3.50-fold.
141. Other animalNeuroprotective Effect of Turmeric Extract in Combination with Its Essential Oil and Enhanced Brain Bioavailability in an Animal Model.
     Biomed Res Int, 2021 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (hybrid)
     PMID 33575335DOI 10.1155/2021/6645720PMC7857868 (free full text)
     Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
     • Key findings · abstract:RESULTS: The AUC 0-t showed a 30.1 and 54.2 times higher free curcumin concentration in plasma with 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg of TE+EO vs.
     • Key findings · abstract:The concentration of free curcumin in the brain was 11.01 and 13.71-fold higher for 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg of TE+EO vs.
     • AUC · abstract:RESULTS: The AUC 0-t showed a 30.1 and 54.2 times higher free curcumin concentration in plasma with 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg of TE+EO vs.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The concentration of free curcumin in the brain was 11.01 and 13.71-fold higher for 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg of TE+EO vs.
     • Cmax · full text, Section '3.6. Pharmacokinetic Study':TE+EO (50 mg/kg) displayed the optimal pharmacokinetic profile of curcuminoids with Cmax of 99.74 ± 4.83 ng/gm and AUC 0-6 h of 439.64 ± 26.88 h ng/gm.
     • AUC · full text, Section '3.6. Pharmacokinetic Study':TE+EO (50 mg/kg) displayed the optimal pharmacokinetic profile of curcuminoids with Cmax of 99.74 ± 4.83 ng/gm and AUC 0-6 h of 439.64 ± 26.88 h ng/gm.
     • Food effect · full text, Section '2.3. Animals and Treatment':TE+EO was suspended in 0.3% CMC and fed to mice orally for 45 days.
     • Form comparison · full text, Section '3.3. Elevated Plus Maze Test':A statistically significant difference in the first and second retention times was observed with TE+EO (25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) when compared with the aluminum-treated groups (p < 0.05).
142. Other animalInfluence of hydrotrope on solubility and bioavailability of curcumin: its complex formation and solid-state characterization.
     Drug Dev Ind Pharm, 2021 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 34668822DOI 10.1080/03639045.2021.1994987
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:Cur-Meg/Arg complexes had a faster drug release rate in vitro and the area-under-curve (AUC) of Cur-Meg/Arg solutions in rats were at least 6.3-fold larger than that of the Cur suspensions.
     • AUC · abstract:Cur-Meg/Arg complexes had a faster drug release rate in vitro and the area-under-curve (AUC) of Cur-Meg/Arg solutions in rats were at least 6.3-fold larger than that of the Cur suspensions.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Cur-Meg/Arg complexes had a faster drug release rate in vitro and the area-under-curve (AUC) of Cur-Meg/Arg solutions in rats were at least 6.3-fold larger than that of the Cur suspensions.
143. Other animalCarboxymethyl konjac glucomannan coating on multilayered emulsions for improved bioavailability and targeted delivery of curcumin.
     Food Funct, 2021 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 33988638DOI 10.1039/d0fo03390a
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:In vivo evaluation in mice demonstrated that the bioavailability of curcumin in the CMKGM-coated secondary and tertiary emulsions was increased by about 4 folds compared with that of free curcumin and curcumin could be released in a sustainable manner.
144. Other animalEnhanced oral bioavailability of self-assembling curcumin-vitamin E prodrug-nanoparticles by co-nanoprecipitation with vitamin E TPGS.
     Drug Dev Ind Pharm, 2020 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 32969718DOI 10.1080/03639045.2020.1821049
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:Significantly, the absorption constant and effective permeability of CSSV/TPGS-NPs in different intestinal tracts increased 1.31-2.78 times and 1.81-6.95 times than that of CUR suspension, respectively.
     • Key findings · abstract:Pharmacokinetic study in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats demonstrated that orally administered CSSV/TPGS-NPs displayed a prolonged plasma circulation with 8.06-fold increase in relative bioavailability compared to that of the CUR suspension.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Pharmacokinetic study in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats demonstrated that orally administered CSSV/TPGS-NPs displayed a prolonged plasma circulation with 8.06-fold increase in relative bioavailability compared to that of the CUR suspension.
145. Other animalEnhancement of loading and oral bioavailability of curcumin loaded self-microemulsifying lipid carriers using Curcuma oleoresins.
     Drug Dev Ind Pharm, 2020 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (green)
     PMID 32340496DOI 10.1080/03639045.2020.1762201
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:The pharmacokinetic study in male Wistar rats showed that the relative bioavailability of curcumin in S-CL1 and S-CA1 were 26- and 29-fold vis-à-vis 22-fold in S-Eo3 compared to curcumin suspension.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The pharmacokinetic study in male Wistar rats showed that the relative bioavailability of curcumin in S-CL1 and S-CA1 were 26- and 29-fold vis-à-vis 22-fold in S-Eo3 compared to curcumin suspension.
146. Other animalPreparation, optimization and preliminary pharmacokinetic study of curcumin encapsulated turmeric oil microemulsion in zebra fish.
     Eur J Pharm Sci, 2020 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 32898637DOI 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105539
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:Ex vivo permeation study revealed 2.41 fold enhancement in the steady-state flux when compared to curcumin solution.
     • Key findings · abstract:Furthermore, optimized formulation showed shorter Tmax (5 min) and higher AUC(0-∞) (7.93 μg/brain*min) compared to the curcumin solution which showed similar Tmax and AUC(0-∞) of 2.78 μg/brain*min after oral administration to zebra fishes revealing 3.97 fold enhancement.
     • Tmax · abstract:Furthermore, optimized formulation showed shorter Tmax (5 min) and higher AUC(0-∞) (7.93 μg/brain*min) compared to the curcumin solution which showed similar Tmax and AUC(0-∞) of 2.78 μg/brain*min after oral administration to zebra fishes revealing 3.97 fold enhancement.
     • AUC · abstract:Furthermore, optimized formulation showed shorter Tmax (5 min) and higher AUC(0-∞) (7.93 μg/brain*min) compared to the curcumin solution which showed similar Tmax and AUC(0-∞) of 2.78 μg/brain*min after oral administration to zebra fishes revealing 3.97 fold enhancement.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Ex vivo permeation study revealed 2.41 fold enhancement in the steady-state flux when compared to curcumin solution.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Furthermore, optimized formulation showed shorter Tmax (5 min) and higher AUC(0-∞) (7.93 μg/brain*min) compared to the curcumin solution which showed similar Tmax and AUC(0-∞) of 2.78 μg/brain*min after oral administration to zebra fishes revealing 3.97 fold enhancement.
147. Other animalThe enhancement of N-acetylcysteine on intestinal absorption and oral bioavailability of hydrophobic curcumin.
     Eur J Pharm Sci, 2020 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 32763460DOI 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105506
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:Plasma concentration-time curves in rats showed that AUC0-t, Cmax and MRT0-t values of CUR after oral administration of CUR-NBSA-NPs were increased to 3.25-, 4.42-, and 1.43-fold compared with that of CUR suspension.
     • Cmax · abstract:Plasma concentration-time curves in rats showed that AUC0-t, Cmax and MRT0-t values of CUR after oral administration of CUR-NBSA-NPs were increased to 3.25-, 4.42-, and 1.43-fold compared with that of CUR suspension.
     • AUC · abstract:Plasma concentration-time curves in rats showed that AUC0-t, Cmax and MRT0-t values of CUR after oral administration of CUR-NBSA-NPs were increased to 3.25-, 4.42-, and 1.43-fold compared with that of CUR suspension.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Plasma concentration-time curves in rats showed that AUC0-t, Cmax and MRT0-t values of CUR after oral administration of CUR-NBSA-NPs were increased to 3.25-, 4.42-, and 1.43-fold compared with that of CUR suspension.
148. Other animalA Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose-Based Solid Dispersion of Curcumin with Enhanced Bioavailability and its Hepatoprotective Activity.
     Biomolecules, 2019 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
     PMID 31311168DOI 10.3390/biom9070281PMC6681311 (free full text)
     Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
     • Key findings · abstract:In this study, a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-based solid dispersion of curcumin (DW-CUR 20) was prepared and its bioavailability was evaluated.
     • Key findings · abstract:The rat plasma pharmacokinetic study showed that the oral curcumin bioavailability of DW-CUR 20 significantly increased compared to that of non-formulated curcumin.
     • Cmax · full text, Table 2:The peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) values of curcumin for different curcumin formulations. Formulations Dose (as Curcumin) Cmax (ng/mL) AUC (ng·h/mL) Fold Change in AUC Ref. Curcumin with tween 80 50 mg/kg 292 ± 100
     • AUC · full text, Table 2:The peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) values of curcumin for different curcumin formulations. Formulations Dose (as Curcumin) Cmax (ng/mL) AUC (ng·h/mL) Fold Change in AUC Ref. Curcumin with tween 80 50 mg/kg 292 ± 100 1075 ± 120 39 [25] Curcumin so
     • AUC · full text, Section '3.2. Plasma PK Studies':The mean AUC of the DW-CUR 20 group was more than 17 times higher than that of the curcumin group.
     • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section '3.2. Plasma PK Studies':The mean AUC of the DW-CUR 20 group was more than 17 times higher than that of the curcumin group.
     • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section '3.2. Plasma PK Studies':Thus, the bioavailability of curcumin in DW-CUR 20 was at least 17 times greater than that of non-formulated curcumin.
149. Other animalInvolvement of metabolism-permeability in enhancing the oral bioavailability of curcumin in excipient-free solid dispersions co-formed with piperine.
     Int J Pharm, 2019 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 30817985DOI 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.02.027
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:The co-amorphous CUR-PIP would also exhibit higher gastrointestinal membrane permeability of CUR, as confirmed by Papp of CUR in Caco-2 model.
     • Key findings · abstract:After administration of co-amorphous CUR-PIP, the AUC of CUR significantly increased by 2.16- and 1.92-fold those in crystalline and amorphous CUR, respectively.
     • AUC · abstract:After administration of co-amorphous CUR-PIP, the AUC of CUR significantly increased by 2.16- and 1.92-fold those in crystalline and amorphous CUR, respectively.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:After administration of co-amorphous CUR-PIP, the AUC of CUR significantly increased by 2.16- and 1.92-fold those in crystalline and amorphous CUR, respectively.
150. Other animalCurcumin loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles: assessment of bioavailability and cardioprotective effect.
     Drug Dev Ind Pharm, 2019 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 31549866DOI 10.1080/03639045.2019.1672717
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
151. Other animal[Effect of N-acetyl-L-cysteine on bioavailability and brain distribution of curcumin by nasal delivery].
     Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi, 2019 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · unknown
     PMID 31359699DOI 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20190426.501
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
152. Other animalSpray-dried curcumin nanoemulsion: A new road to improvement of oral bioavailability of curcumin.
     Pak J Pharm Sci, 2018 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · unknown
     PMID 29348099
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:The Cmax value of solid curcumin nanoemulsion powder was 5.5-fold greater than the value of the curcumin crystalline in aqueous suspension.
     • Cmax · abstract:The Cmax value of solid curcumin nanoemulsion powder was 5.5-fold greater than the value of the curcumin crystalline in aqueous suspension.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The Cmax value of solid curcumin nanoemulsion powder was 5.5-fold greater than the value of the curcumin crystalline in aqueous suspension.
153. Other animalFunctionalization of nanodiamond with vitamin E TPGS to facilitate oral absorption of curcumin.
     Int J Pharm, 2018 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 29452153DOI 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.02.014
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:The purpose of this work was to develop a d-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) decorated nanodiamond (ND) system loading water-insoluble curcumin (ND/CUR/TPGS) to improve the colloidal dispersity and oral bioavailability of the preparation.
     • Key findings · abstract:Furthermore, the pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated that ND/CUR/TPGS had significantly higher Cmax (4.50-fold), larger AUC0-t (10.67-fold), and longer MRT0-t (3.07-fold) in contrast with that of CUR suspension.
     • Cmax · abstract:Furthermore, the pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated that ND/CUR/TPGS had significantly higher Cmax (4.50-fold), larger AUC0-t (10.67-fold), and longer MRT0-t (3.07-fold) in contrast with that of CUR suspension.
     • AUC · abstract:Furthermore, the pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated that ND/CUR/TPGS had significantly higher Cmax (4.50-fold), larger AUC0-t (10.67-fold), and longer MRT0-t (3.07-fold) in contrast with that of CUR suspension.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Furthermore, the pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated that ND/CUR/TPGS had significantly higher Cmax (4.50-fold), larger AUC0-t (10.67-fold), and longer MRT0-t (3.07-fold) in contrast with that of CUR suspension.
154. Other animalEnhanced Oral Bioavailability of Curcumin Using a Supersaturatable Self-Microemulsifying System Incorporating a Hydrophilic Polymer; In Vitro and In Vivo Investigations.
     AAPS PharmSciTech, 2018 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 28975598DOI 10.1208/s12249-017-0857-3
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:The curcumin S-SMEDDS exhibited a threefold reduction of Caco-2 cell toxicity when compared to the curcumin SMEDDS because of the reduced toxic effect of the surfactant present in the SMEDDS formulation.
     • Key findings · abstract:In addition, the absorptive permeability across the Caco-2 monolayer of curcumin in the S-SMEDDS was significantly higher than for the unformulated curcumin (~ 5-folds).
     • Key findings · abstract:The plasma concentration-time profiles from the oral absorption studies in rats dosed with the curcumin S-SMEDDS showed a 1.22- and 53.14-fold increased absorption of curcumin, compared to the SMEDDS and the aqueous suspen[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:In addition, the absorptive permeability across the Caco-2 monolayer of curcumin in the S-SMEDDS was significantly higher than for the unformulated curcumin (~ 5-folds).
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The plasma concentration-time profiles from the oral absorption studies in rats dosed with the curcumin S-SMEDDS showed a 1.22- and 53.14-fold increased absorption of curcumin, compared to the SMEDDS and the aqueous suspension, respectively.
155. Other animalPreparation of curcumin-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex by cosolvency-lyophilization procedure to enhance oral bioavailability of the drug.
     Drug Dev Ind Pharm, 2018 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 30059244DOI 10.1080/03639045.2018.1505904
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:The CUR-HP-β-CD and free CUR have a similar pharmacokinetic behaviour in rats after intravenous administration; however, the oral bioavailability of CUR was enhanced to 2.77-fold by the HP-β-CD.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The CUR-HP-β-CD and free CUR have a similar pharmacokinetic behaviour in rats after intravenous administration; however, the oral bioavailability of CUR was enhanced to 2.77-fold by the HP-β-CD.
156. Other animalN-acetyl-L-cysteine functionalized nanostructured lipid carrier for improving oral bioavailability of curcumin: preparation, in vitro and in vivo evaluations.
     Drug Deliv, 2017 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
     PMID 29063815DOI 10.1080/10717544.2017.1391890PMC8241171 (free full text)
     Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
     • Key findings · abstract:AUC0-t of Cur-NAPG100-NLC was improved by 499.45 and 116.89 folds as compared to that of Cur solution and unmodified Cur-NLC, respectively.
     • AUC · abstract:AUC0-t of Cur-NAPG100-NLC was improved by 499.45 and 116.89 folds as compared to that of Cur solution and unmodified Cur-NLC, respectively.
     • AUC · full text, Table 2.:100-NLC Cmax1(µg/mL) 0.022 ± 0.006 – 1.05 ± 0.26* 3.76 ± 0.90*# 10.45 ± 1.44△□ 20.71 ± 2.40△□ Cmax2(µg/mL) – – – 3.25 ± 1.34 5.78 ± 1.78 17.36 ± 1.57 AUC0–10 h (µg h /mL) 0.11 ± 0.04 0.17 ± 0.06 0.47 ± 0.21* 8.91 ± 2.83*# 16.61 ± 2.48△□ 54.94 ± 3.82△□ MRT (h) 1.41 ± 0.25 – 1.57 ± 0.08 2.07 ± 0.68*# 2.64 ± 0.36△□ 2.90 ± 0.40△□ CL (L/h) 68.97 ± 3.47 – 20.87 ± 2.75* 1.12 ± 0.11*# 0.61 ± 0.24△□ 0.18 ±
     • AUC · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics':The AUC0–10 h of Cur-NAPG20-NLC, Cur-NAPG50-NLC, and Cur-NAPG100-NLC in rats increased 81, 151, and 499.45 folds, respectively, compared to that of Cur solution, and the AUC0–10 h of Cur-NAPG20-NLC, Cur-NAPG50-NLC, and Cur-NAPG100-NLC in rats increased 18.95, 35.34, and 116.89 folds, respectively, compared to that of Cur-NLC.
     • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'In situ single-pass intestinal perfusion':As shown in Figure 4(A,B), the intestinal absorption was enhanced by loading Cur into NLC, since the Ka values were 1.19 and 1.31 fold higher, and Peff values were 1.52- and 1.68-fold higher in duodenum and ileum, respectively, compared with Cur solution (p < .05).
     • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'In situ single-pass intestinal perfusion':For the absorption of Cur-NAPG50-NLC and Cur-NAPG100-NLC in the duodenum segment, the Ka values were 1.33- and 1.56-fold higher, and the Peff values were 1.90 and 2.40 fold higher, respectively, than for Cur-NLC.
     • Food effect · full text, Section 'In situ single-pass intestinal perfusion':Briefly, male SD rats were fasted 12 h and allowed to access water freely before experiment.
     • Food effect · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetic profiles':Before the experiment, they were fasted for 12 h but allowed to take water freely.
     • Form comparison · full text, Section 'In situ single-pass intestinal perfusion':As shown in Figure 4(A,B), the intestinal absorption was enhanced by loading Cur into NLC, since the Ka values were 1.19 and 1.31 fold higher, and Peff values were 1.52- and 1.68-fold higher in duodenum and ileum, respectively, compared with Cur solution (p < .05).
     • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics':These results suggest that the oral bioavailability of NLC-based formulation increased 4.27 fold compared with the Cur solution.
     • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Pharmacokinetics':The AUC0–10 h of Cur-NAPG20-NLC, Cur-NAPG50-NLC, and Cur-NAPG100-NLC in rats increased 81, 151, and 499.45 folds, respectively, compared to that of Cur solution, and the AUC0–10 h of Cur-NAPG20-NLC, Cur-NAPG50-NLC, and Cur-NAPG100-NLC in rats increased 18.95, 35.34, and 116.89 folds, respectively, compared to that of Cur-NLC.
157. Other animalPharmacokinetic studies and anticancer activity of curcumin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers.
     Acta Pharm, 2017 · Design: not stated · abstract (PubMed); full-text PDF saved · open access (gold)
     PMID 28858837DOI 10.1515/acph-2017-0021PDF
     Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
     • Key findings · abstract:In addition, the anticancer activity of Cur-NLC against human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells was verified by a cellular uptake study, and a cytotoxicity and apoptosis assay.
     • Key findings · abstract:Bioavailability of Cur-NLC was better than that of native curcumin (p > 0.01), as seen from the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC), maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), mean residence time (MRT) and total plasma clearance (CLz/F).
     • Key findings · abstract:Cur-NLC showed higher anticancer activity in vitro against A549 cells than native curcumin (IC50 value of 5.66 vs. 9.81 mg L-1, respectively).
     • Key findings · abstract:Meanwhile, Cur-NLC treated A[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
     • Cmax · abstract:Bioavailability of Cur-NLC was better than that of native curcumin (p > 0.01), as seen from the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC), maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), mean residence time (MRT) and total plasma clearance (CLz/F).
     • AUC · abstract:Bioavailability of Cur-NLC was better than that of native curcumin (p > 0.01), as seen from the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC), maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), mean residence time (MRT) and total plasma clearance (CLz/F).
     • Cmax · full text, p.1:curcumin (p > 0.01), People’s Republic of China as seen from the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC), maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), mean 2 Institute of Pharmacokinetics residence time (MRT) and total plasma clearance (CLz/F). Anhui University of Chinese Medicine Cur-NLC has a more obvious lung-targeting property in Hefei 230012, Anhui comparison with native curcumin. Cur-NL
     • Cmax · full text, p.4:g concentration-peak areas standard curve. The plasma concentration-time data were analyzed and the pharmaco- kinetic parameters, including AUC, MRT, Cmax, peak time (Tmax) and CLz/F, were estimated. Tissue (30–50 mg) samples were weighed and homogenized using a glass tissue ho- mogenizer after addition of 1 mL of physiologic saline. The process of tissue homogenates was similar to that of plasma
     • Cmax · full text, p.6:hown in Table I, the pharmacokinetic parameters of curcumin after administration of Cur-NLC are markedly different from those of native curcumin. The Cmax value of native curcumin was 0.49 ± 0.08 mg L–1, and the AUC0-t value standing for the bioavailability of native curcumin was 26.68 ± 2.98 mg h L–1. These results clearly illustrate the characteristic drawbacks of the i.p. administration of nati
     • Tmax · full text, p.4:eak areas standard curve. The plasma concentration-time data were analyzed and the pharmaco- kinetic parameters, including AUC, MRT, Cmax, peak time (Tmax) and CLz/F, were estimated. Tissue (30–50 mg) samples were weighed and homogenized using a glass tissue ho- mogenizer after addition of 1 mL of physiologic saline. The process of tissue homogenates was similar to that of plasma samples and analy
     • Tmax · full text, p.6:= 6) Pharmacokinetic parameters Native curcumin Cur-NLC AUC0-t (mg h L ) –1 26.68 ± 2.98 129.18 ± 15.43** MRT0–t (min) 148.01 ± 9.55 171.86 ± 12.17** Tmax (min) 5 ± 0.00 120 ± 30.22** Cmax (mg L ) –1 0.49 ± 0.08 0.79 ± 0.062** CLz/F (L min–1 kg–1) 0.201 ± 0.115 0.161 ± 0.077 p > 0.01 compared to the native curcumin group. AUC, area under the plasma concentration-time curve; MRT, ** mean residence
     • AUC · full text, p.1:assay. Bioavailability Hefei 230011, Anhui of Cur-NLC was better than that of native curcumin (p > 0.01), People’s Republic of China as seen from the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC), maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), mean 2 Institute of Pharmacokinetics residence time (MRT) and total plasma clearance (CLz/F). Anhui University of Chinese Medicine Cur-NLC has a more obvious l
     • AUC · full text, p.4:of the drug concentration-peak areas standard curve. The plasma concentration-time data were analyzed and the pharmaco- kinetic parameters, including AUC, MRT, Cmax, peak time (Tmax) and CLz/F, were estimated. Tissue (30–50 mg) samples were weighed and homogenized using a glass tissue ho- mogenizer after addition of 1 mL of physiologic saline. The process of tissue homogenates was similar to that
     • AUC · full text, p.6:ter administration of Cur-NLC are markedly different from those of native curcumin. The Cmax value of native curcumin was 0.49 ± 0.08 mg L–1, and the AUC0-t value standing for the bioavailability of native curcumin was 26.68 ± 2.98 mg h L–1. These results clearly illustrate the characteristic drawbacks of the i.p. administration of native curcumin, i.e. poor absorption resulting in low curcumin bi
     • Relative bioavailability · full text, p.6:absorption resulting in low curcumin bioavailability. Conversely, it was observed that Cur-NLC formulation showed significantly higher curcumin Cmax (1.61-fold) and Table I. Pharmacokinetic parameters of native curcumin and Cur-NLC after intraperitoneal injection in rats ( x ± s, n = 6) Pharmacokinetic parameters Native curcumin Cur-NLC AUC0-t (mg h L ) –1 26.68 ± 2.98 129.18 ± 15.43** MRT0–t (mi
     • Relative bioavailability · full text, p.7:Wang et al.: Pharmacokinetic studies and anticancer activity of curcumin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers, Acta Pharm. 67 (2017) 357–371. AUC0-t (2.19-fold) compared to native curcumin, which suggested that Cur-NLC formula- tion could significantly improve the relative bioavailability of native curcumin. In addi- tion, MRT were also significantly improved (p > 0.01). Total plasma clearance (CL
     • Form comparison · full text, p.1:curcumin. Cur-NLC showed high- People’s Republic of China er anticancer activity in vitro against A549 cells than native curcumin (IC50 value of 5.66 vs. 9.81 mg L–1, respectively). Meanwhile, Cur-NLC treated A549 cells showed a higher apoptosis rate compared to that of native curcumin. These results indicate that NLC is a promising system for the delivery of curcumin in the treatment of lung aden
     • Form comparison · full text, p.6:1.86 ± 12.17** Tmax (min) 5 ± 0.00 120 ± 30.22** Cmax (mg L ) –1 0.49 ± 0.08 0.79 ± 0.062** CLz/F (L min–1 kg–1) 0.201 ± 0.115 0.161 ± 0.077 p > 0.01 compared to the native curcumin group. AUC, area under the plasma concentration-time curve; MRT, ** mean residence time; Tmax, peak time; Cmax, maximum plasma concentration; CLz/F, total plasma clearance. 362
     • Form comparison · full text, p.7:: Pharmacokinetic studies and anticancer activity of curcumin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers, Acta Pharm. 67 (2017) 357–371. AUC0-t (2.19-fold) compared to native curcumin, which suggested that Cur-NLC formula- tion could significantly improve the relative bioavailability of native curcumin. In addi- tion, MRT were also significantly improved (p > 0.01). Total plasma clearance (CLz/F) of Cur
158. Other animalA combination of complexation and self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system for enhancing oral bioavailability and anticancer efficacy of curcumin.
     Drug Dev Ind Pharm, 2017 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 27648633DOI 10.1080/03639045.2016.1239732
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
159. Other animalPreparation, characterization and bioavailability by oral administration of O/W curcumin nanoemulsions stabilized with lysophosphatidylcholine.
     Food Funct, 2017 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 28856361DOI 10.1039/c7fo00933j
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:Lastly, in vivo pharmacokinetic parameters, using BALB/c mice, were obtained; namely, Cmax of 610 ± 65.0 μg mL-1 and Tmax of 2 h.
     • Cmax · abstract:Lastly, in vivo pharmacokinetic parameters, using BALB/c mice, were obtained; namely, Cmax of 610 ± 65.0 μg mL-1 and Tmax of 2 h.
     • Tmax · abstract:Lastly, in vivo pharmacokinetic parameters, using BALB/c mice, were obtained; namely, Cmax of 610 ± 65.0 μg mL-1 and Tmax of 2 h.
160. Other animalA Novel Self-Microemulsifying System for the Simultaneous Delivery and Enhanced Oral Absorption of Curcumin and Resveratrol.
     Planta Med, 2017 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (bronze)
     PMID 27280934DOI 10.1055/s-0042-108734
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:In addition, the formulation containing curcumin and resveratrol showed greater antioxidant activity than that of the formulations with individual compounds, while the cytotoxic activity against HT-29 of the co-formulation (IC50 = 18.25 µM; curcumin and resveratrol in the ratio 1 : 1) was less than the formulation with only curcumin (IC50 = 30.1 µM) and only resveratrol (IC50 = 25.4 µM).
     • Key findings · abstract:After oral administration to rabbits, the self-microemulsifying formulation containing curcumin together with resveratrol increased the total plasma concentrations of curcumin and resveratrol by 10-fold and[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:After oral administration to rabbits, the self-microemulsifying formulation containing curcumin together with resveratrol increased the total plasma concentrations of curcumin and resveratrol by 10-fold and 6-fold, respectively, compared to the unformulated combination.
161. Other animalSafety, Tolerance, and Enhanced Efficacy of a Bioavailable Formulation of Curcumin With Fenugreek Dietary Fiber on Occupational Stress: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study.
     J Clin Psychopharmacol, 2016 · Design: randomized; double-blind · n: 60 subjects · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 27043120DOI 10.1097/JCP.0000000000000508
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:Further comparison of the free curcuminoids bioavailability after a single-dose (500 mg once per day) and repeated-dose (500 mg twice daily for 30 days) oral administration revealed enhanced absorption and improved pharmacokinetics of CGM upon both single- (30.7-fold) and repeated-dose (39.1-fold) administrations.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Further comparison of the free curcuminoids bioavailability after a single-dose (500 mg once per day) and repeated-dose (500 mg twice daily for 30 days) oral administration revealed enhanced absorption and improved pharmacokinetics of CGM upon both single- (30.7-fold) and repeated-dose (39.1-fold) administrations.
162. Other animalFreeze-dried eudragit-hyaluronan multicompartment liposomes to improve the intestinal bioavailability of curcumin.
     Eur J Pharm Biopharm, 2016 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 27349806DOI 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.06.016
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:This enhanced accumulation of curcumin provided by the eudragit-hyaluronan immobilized vesicles, together with an increase in Caco-2 cell viability exposed to hydrogen peroxide, indicated that vesicles can ensure a local protection against oxidative stress and an increase in its intestinal absorption.
163. Other animalSystematic and comprehensive investigation of the toxicity of curcuminoid‑essential oil complex: A bioavailable turmeric formulation.
     Mol Med Rep, 2016 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (hybrid)
     PMID 26648561DOI 10.3892/mmr.2015.4579PMC4686098 (free full text)
     Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
     • Food effect · full text, Section 'Acute toxicity evaluation in mice':The animals were fasted 4 h prior to, and 2 h following, treatment.
     • Food effect · full text, Section 'Acute toxicity assessment in rats':The animals were fasted overnight prior to, and 4 h following, treatment.
     • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Toxicity of 90 day-repeated dose in rats':No treatment-associated signs or symptoms of toxicity were observed in the low dose (100 mg/kg bw), intermediate dose (500 mg/kg bw), high dose (1,000 mg/kg bw) or satellite high dose (1,000 mg/kg bw) groups of animals, compared with their respective control counterparts.
     • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Toxicity of 90 day-repeated dose in rats':Therefore, the repeated oral administration of CEC for 90 days to wistar rats at a dose of 1,000 mg/kg bw did not induce any observable toxic effects, compared with the corresponding control group, and this dose may be considered a 'no observed adverse effect level'.
     • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test ':No significant changes were observed in the numbers of immature and mature erythrocytes in the animals treated with 2,000 mg/kg bw CEC at 24 and 48 h, compared with their respective negative control animals (Table VIII).
164. Other animalThe mechanism of self-assembled mixed micelles in improving curcumin oral absorption: In vitro and in vivo.
     Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 2015 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 26094144DOI 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.05.056
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:The intestinal absorption of Cur-PMs in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum was 3.09-, 6.48-, and 1.78-fold greater than that of curcumin solution (Cur-Sol) at 0.5h.
     • Key findings · abstract:The cellular uptake of Cur-PMs in Caco-2 cells was significantly enhanced in comparison with Cur-Sol by caveolae-mediated and clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
     • Key findings · abstract:Moreover, the apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) of Cur-PMs was 3.50-fold higher than that of Cur-Sol in Caco-2 transport studies.
     • Key findings · abstract:Furthermore, the AUC(0-t) value of Cur-PMs was improved 2.87-fold compared with that of Cur-Sol after oral administration in rats.
     • AUC · abstract:Furthermore, the AUC(0-t) value of Cur-PMs was improved 2.87-fold compared with that of Cur-Sol after oral administration in rats.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The intestinal absorption of Cur-PMs in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum was 3.09-, 6.48-, and 1.78-fold greater than that of curcumin solution (Cur-Sol) at 0.5h.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Moreover, the apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) of Cur-PMs was 3.50-fold higher than that of Cur-Sol in Caco-2 transport studies.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Furthermore, the AUC(0-t) value of Cur-PMs was improved 2.87-fold compared with that of Cur-Sol after oral administration in rats.
165. Other animalExperimental investigation and oral bioavailability enhancement of nano-sized curcumin by using supercritical anti-solvent process.
     Eur J Pharm Biopharm, 2015 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 26241925DOI 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.07.021
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:From the plasma concentration vs. time profile graph, oral bioavailability of SAS-processed CUR was found to be increased approximately 11.6-fold (p<0.001) as compared to native CUR.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:From the plasma concentration vs. time profile graph, oral bioavailability of SAS-processed CUR was found to be increased approximately 11.6-fold (p<0.001) as compared to native CUR.
166. Other animalPreparation, characterization and in vivo evaluation of curcumin self-nano phospholipid dispersion as an approach to enhance oral bioavailability.
     Int J Pharm, 2015 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 25936626DOI 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.04.067
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
167. Other animalA versatile liquid chromatographic technique for pharmacokinetic estimation of curcumin in human plasma.
     J Chromatogr Sci, 2014 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 24036005DOI 10.1093/chromsci/bmt131
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:Curcumin and Berberine were well separated with retention times of 8.2 ± 0.2 and 1.4 ± 0.1 min, respectively.
     • Key findings · abstract:Curcumin-loaded HPC nanoparticles (Cmax: 106.01 ± 20.11 ng/mL) showed significant improvement in pharmacokinetic parameters when compared with curcumin suspension (Cmax: 30.13 ± 0.47 ng/mL) indicating 43.73-fold increase in relative bioavailability.
     • Cmax · abstract:Curcumin-loaded HPC nanoparticles (Cmax: 106.01 ± 20.11 ng/mL) showed significant improvement in pharmacokinetic parameters when compared with curcumin suspension (Cmax: 30.13 ± 0.47 ng/mL) indicating 43.73-fold increase in relative bioavailability.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Curcumin-loaded HPC nanoparticles (Cmax: 106.01 ± 20.11 ng/mL) showed significant improvement in pharmacokinetic parameters when compared with curcumin suspension (Cmax: 30.13 ± 0.47 ng/mL) indicating 43.73-fold increase in relative bioavailability.
168. Other animalEnhanced bioavailability and bioefficacy of an amorphous solid dispersion of curcumin.
     Food Chem, 2014 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 24629962DOI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.01.108
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:Oral pharmacokinetic studies in rats showed that ASD curcumin was ∼13-fold more bioavailable compared to unformulated curcumin.
     • Key findings · abstract:Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity of ASD curcumin in vivo demonstrated enhanced bio-efficacy compared to unformulated curcumin at 10-fold lower dose.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Oral pharmacokinetic studies in rats showed that ASD curcumin was ∼13-fold more bioavailable compared to unformulated curcumin.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity of ASD curcumin in vivo demonstrated enhanced bio-efficacy compared to unformulated curcumin at 10-fold lower dose.
169. Other animalDevelopment and pharmacokinetic evaluation of a curcumin co-solvent formulation.
     Anticancer Res, 2013 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · unknown
     PMID 24122994
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:The intramuscular injection of formulation resulted in 30% absolute bioavailability and provided sustained release by maintaining plasma concentrations of curcumin above 240 ng/ml for up to 4 h.
     • Key findings · abstract:A 29-fold increase in the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and 28-fold increase in the area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) led to a 28-fold increase in relative bioavailability for the co-solvent formulation.
     • Cmax · abstract:A 29-fold increase in the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and 28-fold increase in the area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) led to a 28-fold increase in relative bioavailability for the co-solvent formulation.
     • AUC · abstract:A 29-fold increase in the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and 28-fold increase in the area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) led to a 28-fold increase in relative bioavailability for the co-solvent formulation.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:A 29-fold increase in the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and 28-fold increase in the area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) led to a 28-fold increase in relative bioavailability for the co-solvent formulation.
170. Other animal[Study on effect of Hypericum perforatum on pharmacokinetics of zedoary turmeric oil in compound antiviral preparation].
     Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi, 2013 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · unknown
     PMID 23847963
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:The pharmacokinetic parameters of ZTO: t1/2alpha, t1/2beta, Vd, CL, AUC and Ka were (1.52 +/- 0.59), (1.97 +/- 0.27) h, (47.59 +/- 2.29) L x kg(-1), (176.77 +/- 7.65) L x h(-1) x kg(-1), (5.70 +/- 0.70) mg x h x L(-1) and (0.97 +/- 0.11) h(-1), respectively, while those of compound preparation were (0.41 +/- 0.03), (1.47 +/- 0.35) h, (75.21 +/- 5.21) L x kg(-1), (287.79 +/- 6.39) L x h(-1) x kg(-1), (3.91 +/- 0.53) mg x h x L(-1) and (5.14 +/- 1.26) h(-1), respectively.
     • Key findings · abstract:There was no significant difference between the above two groups of pharmacokinetic parameters, expect that Ka of compound[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
     • AUC · abstract:The pharmacokinetic parameters of ZTO: t1/2alpha, t1/2beta, Vd, CL, AUC and Ka were (1.52 +/- 0.59), (1.97 +/- 0.27) h, (47.59 +/- 2.29) L x kg(-1), (176.77 +/- 7.65) L x h(-1) x kg(-1), (5.70 +/- 0.70) mg x h x L(-1) and (0.97 +/- 0.11) h(-1), respectively, while those of compound preparation were (0.41 +/- 0.03), (1.47 +/- 0.35) h, (75.21 +/- 5.21) L x kg(-1), (287.79 +/- 6.39) L x h(-1) x kg(-1), (3.91 +/- 0.53) mg x h x L(-1) and (5.14 +/- 1.26) h(-1), respectively.
171. Other animalPreparation and enhancement of oral bioavailability of curcumin using microemulsions vehicle.
     J Agric Food Chem, 2012 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 22587560DOI 10.1021/jf204078t
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:Microemulsions have significantly increased the C(max) and area under the curve (AUC) in comparison to that in suspension (p < 0.05).
     • Key findings · abstract:The relative bioavailability of curcumin in microemulsions was 22.6-fold higher than that in suspension.
     • Cmax · abstract:Microemulsions have significantly increased the C(max) and area under the curve (AUC) in comparison to that in suspension (p < 0.05).
     • AUC · abstract:Microemulsions have significantly increased the C(max) and area under the curve (AUC) in comparison to that in suspension (p < 0.05).
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The relative bioavailability of curcumin in microemulsions was 22.6-fold higher than that in suspension.
172. Other animalImproving the oral bioavailability of curcumin using novel organogel-based nanoemulsions.
     J Agric Food Chem, 2012 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 22506728DOI 10.1021/jf300609p
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:Permeation experiments on Caco-2 cell monolayers suggested that digestion-diffusion was the major absorption mechanism for curcumin in the nanoemulsion.
     • Key findings · abstract:Furthermore, in vivo pharmacokinetics analysis on mice confirmed that the oral bioavailability of curcumin in the nanoemulsion was increased by 9-fold compared with unformulated curcumin.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Furthermore, in vivo pharmacokinetics analysis on mice confirmed that the oral bioavailability of curcumin in the nanoemulsion was increased by 9-fold compared with unformulated curcumin.
173. Other animalPreparation and pharmacokinetic evaluation of curcumin solid dispersion using Solutol® HS15 as a carrier.
     Int J Pharm, 2012 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 22226878DOI 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.12.051
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:SD containing 1:10 ratio of drug and Solutol® HS15 resulted in approximately 5 fold higher AUC(0-12h).
     • AUC · abstract:SD containing 1:10 ratio of drug and Solutol® HS15 resulted in approximately 5 fold higher AUC(0-12h).
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:SD containing 1:10 ratio of drug and Solutol® HS15 resulted in approximately 5 fold higher AUC(0-12h).
174. Other animalPreparation and in vivo pharmacokinetics of curcumin-loaded PCL-PEG-PCL triblock copolymeric nanoparticles.
     Int J Nanomedicine, 2012 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
     PMID 22888245DOI 10.2147/IJN.S33607PMC3414087 (free full text)
     Verification: full text read; no PK numbers matched
     • Key findings · abstract:METHODS: To improve its bioavailability and water solubility, we synthesized two series of poly (ε-Caprolactone)-poly (ethylene glycol)-poly (ε-Caprolactone) triblock copolymers by ring-opening polymerization of poly (ethylene glycol) and ε-Caprolactone, with stannous 2-ethylhexanoate as the catalyst.
     • Key findings · abstract:In comparison with the free-drug solution in vivo, encapsulation of the CUR in NP63 increased mean residence time from 0.169 to 40.148 hours and the area under the concentration-time curve 4.178-fold.
     • AUC · abstract:In comparison with the free-drug solution in vivo, encapsulation of the CUR in NP63 increased mean residence time from 0.169 to 40.148 hours and the area under the concentration-time curve 4.178-fold.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:In comparison with the free-drug solution in vivo, encapsulation of the CUR in NP63 increased mean residence time from 0.169 to 40.148 hours and the area under the concentration-time curve 4.178-fold.
175. Other animalImproved bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drug curcumin in cellulose acetate solid dispersion.
     AAPS PharmSciTech, 2012 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · open access (bronze)
     PMID 22173375DOI 10.1208/s12249-011-9732-9PMC3299466 (free full text)
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Cmax · abstract:The optimized formulation provided an improved pharmacokinetic parameter (C(max) = 187.03 ng/ml, t(max) = 1.95 h) in rats as compared with pure drug (C(max) = 87.06 ng/ml, t(max) = 0.66 h).
     • Tmax · abstract:The optimized formulation provided an improved pharmacokinetic parameter (C(max) = 187.03 ng/ml, t(max) = 1.95 h) in rats as compared with pure drug (C(max) = 87.06 ng/ml, t(max) = 0.66 h).
176. Other animalEnhanced bioavailability and efficiency of curcumin for the treatment of asthma by its formulation in solid lipid nanoparticles.
     Int J Nanomedicine, 2012 · Design: not stated · full text (Europe PMC XML) + abstract · open access (gold)
     PMID 22888226DOI 10.2147/IJN.S30428PMC3414206 (free full text)
     Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
     • AUC · full text, Section 'Studies on pharmacokinetics and tissue d':Meanwhile, the area under the curve (AUC0–24 h) increased by about 26-fold for curcumin-SLNs compared to curcumin.
     • Relative bioavailability · full text, Section 'Studies on pharmacokinetics and tissue d':Meanwhile, the area under the curve (AUC0–24 h) increased by about 26-fold for curcumin-SLNs compared to curcumin.
     • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Studies on pharmacokinetics and tissue d':Meanwhile, the area under the curve (AUC0–24 h) increased by about 26-fold for curcumin-SLNs compared to curcumin.
     • Form comparison · full text, Section 'Effect of curcumin-SLNs on AHR':At 330 μg/kg methacholine, the group treated with curcumin-SLNs significantly suppressed AHR by approximately 66% compared to the asthma group (P < 0.01) and by 50% compared to the group treated with native curcumin (P < 0.05).
177. Other animalBioavailability enhancement of curcumin by complexation with phosphatidyl choline.
     J Pharm Sci, 2011 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 21374628DOI 10.1002/jps.22393
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
178. Other animalInnovative preparation of curcumin for improved oral bioavailability.
     Biol Pharm Bull, 2011 · Design: clinical trial · abstract (PubMed); full-text PDF saved · open access (bronze)
     PMID 21532153DOI 10.1248/bpb.34.660PDF
     Verification: full-text auto-extracted verbatim snippets with location; needs human check
     • Key findings · abstract:The area under the blood concentration-time curve (AUC) after the oral administration of THERACURMIN was found to be more than 40-fold higher than that of curcumin powder in rats.
     • Key findings · abstract:The AUC of THERACURMIN was 27-fold higher than that of curcumin powder.
     • AUC · abstract:The area under the blood concentration-time curve (AUC) after the oral administration of THERACURMIN was found to be more than 40-fold higher than that of curcumin powder in rats.
     • AUC · abstract:The AUC of THERACURMIN was 27-fold higher than that of curcumin powder.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The area under the blood concentration-time curve (AUC) after the oral administration of THERACURMIN was found to be more than 40-fold higher than that of curcumin powder in rats.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The AUC of THERACURMIN was 27-fold higher than that of curcumin powder.
     • Cmax · full text, p.3:doses of 50 and 300 mg/kg were cumin powder, and the pharmacokinetic parameters includ- 51.125 and 134114 ng/ml · h, respectively. Thus, it was ing Cmax (maximum concentration), Tmax (time to reach the confirmed that THERACURMIN raised the plasma concen- maximum concentration), and AUC0—6 h (area under the tration of curcumin by 39.8—81.7 times at 1—2 h after ad- blood concentration versus time
     • Cmax · full text, p.4:uman Sub- at the curcumin powder 30-mg dose level. The plasma con- jects Figure 4 shows the plasma concentration–time pro- centrations of curcumin at Cmax at the THERACURMIN files of curcumin in human volunteers after the oral adminis- 30 mg dose level were 29.5212.86 ng/ml. The curcumin tration of THERACURMIN and curcumin powder. Pharma- powder 30-mg dose level achived 1.842.03 ng/ml. The cokin
     • Cmax · full text, p.5:than that of curcumin powder in both rats and hu- concentration of acetaldehyde was significantly lower in sub- mans. Oral THERACURMIN yielded higher Cmax and jects who drank curcumin compared with mineral water. In shorter Tmax values, as well as a higher AUC. These results the case of ethanol, both groups showed similar results. indicate that THERACURMIN enhanced gastrointestinal ab- There was n
     • Tmax · full text, p.3:cumin powder, and the pharmacokinetic parameters includ- 51.125 and 134114 ng/ml · h, respectively. Thus, it was ing Cmax (maximum concentration), Tmax (time to reach the confirmed that THERACURMIN raised the plasma concen- maximum concentration), and AUC0—6 h (area under the tration of curcumin by 39.8—81.7 times at 1—2 h after ad- blood concentration versus time curve) are indicated in Table m
     • Tmax · full text, p.4:urcumin tration of THERACURMIN and curcumin powder. Pharma- powder 30-mg dose level achived 1.842.03 ng/ml. The cokinetic parameters including Cmax, Tmax, and AUC0—6 h are AUC0—6 h values at each dose level were 113.0461.33 and shown in Table 2. No adverse effect was observed in this 4.143.88 ng/ml · h, respectively. The AUC0—6 h values at the study. The plasma concentrations of curcumin were s
     • Tmax · full text, p.5:ehyde was significantly lower in sub- mans. Oral THERACURMIN yielded higher Cmax and jects who drank curcumin compared with mineral water. In shorter Tmax values, as well as a higher AUC. These results the case of ethanol, both groups showed similar results. indicate that THERACURMIN enhanced gastrointestinal ab- There was no significant effect of curcumin on ethanol re- sorption as a result of co
     • AUC · full text, p.1:idal nano-particles, and named it THERACURMIN. The absorption efficacy of THERACURMIN was investigated and compared with that of curcumin powder. The area under the blood con- centration–time curve (AUC) after the oral administration of THERACURMIN was found to be more than 40- fold higher than that of curcumin powder in rats. Then, healthy human volunteers were administered orally 30 mg of THERAC
     • AUC · full text, p.3:us, it was ing Cmax (maximum concentration), Tmax (time to reach the confirmed that THERACURMIN raised the plasma concen- maximum concentration), and AUC0—6 h (area under the tration of curcumin by 39.8—81.7 times at 1—2 h after ad- blood concentration versus time curve) are indicated in Table ministration compared with curcumin powder. The AUC0—6 h 1. As shown in Fig. 3, plasma curcumin concentra
     • AUC · full text, p.4:May 2011 663 ured by the AUC. cantly higher at the THERACURMIN 30 mg dose level than Plasma Concentration of Curcumin in Human Sub- at the curcumin powder 30-mg dose level. The plasma con- jects Figure 4 shows the plasma concentration–time pro- centrations of curcumin at Cmax a
     • Relative bioavailability · full text, p.1:curcumin powder in rats. Then, healthy human volunteers were administered orally 30 mg of THERACURMIN or curcumin powder. The AUC of THERACURMIN was 27-fold higher than that of curcumin powder. In addition, THERACURMIN exhibited an inhibitory action against alcohol intoxication after drinking in humans, as evidenced by the reduced acetaldehyde concentration of the blood. These findings demonstrate
     • Relative bioavailability · full text, p.3:es of 50 and 300 mg/kg were 2248 rats, and the bioavailability of THERACURMIN was more 380 and 57341697 ng · h/ml, respectively, while the AUC than 40-fold higher than that of curcumin powder, as meas-
     • Relative bioavailability · full text, p.5:of the 3 curcuminoids of curcumin, bis- ability as measured by the AUC of THERACURMIN was at demethoxycurcumin, and demethoxycurcumin. However, least 27-fold higher compared to curcumin powder in both these authors found that curcumin levels reached 50.5 and rats and humans. 51.2 ng/ml sera by 4 h in 2 subjects administered 10 and 12 g Effects of THERCURMIN on Alcohol Metabolism in of curcumin, re
     • Form comparison · full text, p.1:ly absorptive curcumin dispersed with colloidal nano-particles, and named it THERACURMIN. The absorption efficacy of THERACURMIN was investigated and compared with that of curcumin powder. The area under the blood con- centration–time curve (AUC) after the oral administration of THERACURMIN was found to be more than 40- fold higher than that of curcumin powder in rats. Then, healthy human voluntee
     • Form comparison · full text, p.3:the plasma concen- maximum concentration), and AUC0—6 h (area under the tration of curcumin by 39.8—81.7 times at 1—2 h after ad- blood concentration versus time curve) are indicated in Table ministration compared with curcumin powder. The AUC0—6 h 1. As shown in Fig. 3, plasma curcumin concentrations were values of THERACURMIN became about 42.8—44 times significantly higher in rats administered T
     • Form comparison · full text, p.4:. , THERACURMIN 50 mg/kg. , Curcumin powder 300 mg/kg. , Curcumin powder 50 mg/kg. Data represent meanS.E. (n3). ∗∗ p0.01 (THERACURMIN 50 mg/kg vs. curcumin powder 50 mg/kg). † p0.05 Fig. 4. Concentration of Curcumin in Human Plasma after the Oral Ad- (THERACURMIN 300 mg/kg vs. curcumin powder 300 mg/kg). ‡ p0.01 (THERA- CURMIN 300 mg/kg vs. curcumin powder 300 mg/kg). ministration of THER
179. Other animalComparative oral bioavailability advantage from curcumin formulations.
     Drug Deliv Transl Res, 2011 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 25788366DOI 10.1007/s13346-011-0033-3
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:CRM formulations viz. aqueous suspension, micronized suspension, nanosuspension, amorphous solid dispersion, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) inclusion complex, combination with piperine, and spray-dried CRM-milk composite were compared for oral bioavailability in male Sprague-Dawley rats at a CRM dose of 250 mg/kg body weight using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography method.
     • Key findings · abstract:Aqueous suspension provided a C max and AUC(0 - t) of 28.9 ng/ml and 26.9 ng h/ml, respectively.
     • Key findings · abstract:In comparison, statistically significant increase in the oral bioavailability was obtained with the[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]
     • Cmax · abstract:Aqueous suspension provided a C max and AUC(0 - t) of 28.9 ng/ml and 26.9 ng h/ml, respectively.
     • Cmax · abstract:In comparison, statistically significant increase in the oral bioavailability was obtained with the nanosuspension, HP-β-CD inclusion complex, and amorphous solid dispersion with 251%, 567%, and 446% increase in terms of AUC(0 - t) and 405%, 415%, and 270% in terms of C max.
     • Cmax · abstract:However, no significant increase in AUC(0 - t) and C max was observed with piperine and micronized suspension.
     • Cmax · abstract:The milk composite reduced the oral bioavailability of CRM (10% and 37% in terms of AUC(0 - t) and C max).
     • AUC · abstract:Aqueous suspension provided a C max and AUC(0 - t) of 28.9 ng/ml and 26.9 ng h/ml, respectively.
     • AUC · abstract:In comparison, statistically significant increase in the oral bioavailability was obtained with the nanosuspension, HP-β-CD inclusion complex, and amorphous solid dispersion with 251%, 567%, and 446% increase in terms of AUC(0 - t) and 405%, 415%, and 270% in terms of C max.
     • AUC · abstract:However, no significant increase in AUC(0 - t) and C max was observed with piperine and micronized suspension.
     • AUC · abstract:The milk composite reduced the oral bioavailability of CRM (10% and 37% in terms of AUC(0 - t) and C max).
180. Other animalThe in vitro stability and in vivo pharmacokinetics of curcumin prepared as an aqueous nanoparticulate formulation.
     Biomaterials, 2010 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 20553984DOI 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.04.062
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
181. Other animalPreparation, characterization, pharmacokinetics, and tissue distribution of curcumin nanosuspension with TPGS as stabilizer.
     Drug Dev Ind Pharm, 2010 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 20545506DOI 10.3109/03639041003695139
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:AUC(0-infinity) of CUR-NS (700.43 +/- 281.53 microg/mL, min) in plasma was approximately 3.8-fold greater than CUR solution (145.42 +/- 9.29 microg/mL min), and the mean residence time (194.57 +/- 32.18 versus 15.88 +/- 3.56 minutes) was 11.2-fold longer.
     • AUC · abstract:AUC(0-infinity) of CUR-NS (700.43 +/- 281.53 microg/mL, min) in plasma was approximately 3.8-fold greater than CUR solution (145.42 +/- 9.29 microg/mL min), and the mean residence time (194.57 +/- 32.18 versus 15.88 +/- 3.56 minutes) was 11.2-fold longer.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:AUC(0-infinity) of CUR-NS (700.43 +/- 281.53 microg/mL, min) in plasma was approximately 3.8-fold greater than CUR solution (145.42 +/- 9.29 microg/mL min), and the mean residence time (194.57 +/- 32.18 versus 15.88 +/- 3.56 minutes) was 11.2-fold longer.
182. Other animalFormulation design and photochemical studies on nanocrystal solid dispersion of curcumin with improved oral bioavailability.
     J Pharm Sci, 2010 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 19827133DOI 10.1002/jps.21964
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:Significant improvement in pharmacokinetic behavior was observed in the newly developed formulations, as evidenced by 12- (ASD-Cur), 16- (CSD-Cur), and 9-fold (NE-Cur) increase of oral bioavailability.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:Significant improvement in pharmacokinetic behavior was observed in the newly developed formulations, as evidenced by 12- (ASD-Cur), 16- (CSD-Cur), and 9-fold (NE-Cur) increase of oral bioavailability.
183. Other animalPreparation of liposomes containing zedoary turmeric oil using freeze-drying of liposomes via TBA/water cosolvent systems and evaluation of the bioavailability of the oil.
     J Drug Target, 2010 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 19780635DOI 10.3109/10611860903296371
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:Compared with the conventional self-emulsifying formulation, the plasma concentration-time profiles with improved sustained-release characteristics were achieved after oral administration of the liposomes with a bioavailability of 257.7% (a good strategy for improving the bioavailability of an oily drug).
184. Other animalNanoparticle encapsulation improves oral bioavailability of curcumin by at least 9-fold when compared to curcumin administered with piperine as absorption enhancer.
     Eur J Pharm Sci, 2009 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 19491009DOI 10.1016/j.ejps.2009.02.019
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:The in vivo pharmacokinetics revealed that curcumin entrapped nanoparticles demonstrate at least 9-fold increase in oral bioavailability when compared to curcumin administered with piperine as absorption enhancer.
     • Relative bioavailability · abstract:The in vivo pharmacokinetics revealed that curcumin entrapped nanoparticles demonstrate at least 9-fold increase in oral bioavailability when compared to curcumin administered with piperine as absorption enhancer.
185. Other animalEnhancement of oral absorption of curcumin by self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems.
     Int J Pharm, 2009 · Design: not stated · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 19124065DOI 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.12.009
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:The dissolution study in vitro showed that more than 95% of curcumin in SMEDDS could be dissolved in pH 1.2 or pH 6.8 buffer solutions in 20 min, however, less than 2% for crude curcumin in 60 min.The in situ absorption property of curcumin-loaded SMEDDS was evaluated in intestines of rats.
186. Other animalInfluence of piperine on the pharmacokinetics of curcumin in animals and human volunteers.
     Planta Med, 1998 · Design: clinical trial · abstract only (PubMed) · closed/paywalled
     PMID 9619120DOI 10.1055/s-2006-957450
     Verification: abstract-only auto-extract; unverified
     • Key findings · abstract:When curcumin was given alone, in the dose 2 g/kg to rats, moderate serum concentrations were achieved over a period of 4 h.
     • Key findings · abstract:Concomitant administration of piperine 20 mg/kg increased the serum concentration of curcumin for a short period of 1-2 h post drug.
     • Key findings · abstract:Time to maximum was significantly increased (P < 0.02) while elimination half life and clearance significantly decreased (P < 0.02), and the bioavailability was increased by 154%.
     • Key findings · abstract:On the other hand in humans after a dose of 2 g curcumin alone, serum levels were either undetectable or very low.
     • Key findings · abstract:Concomitant administration of piperine[excerpt truncated in our database — see source]