{"slug":"collagen","name":"Collagen","csvName":"Collagen","rank":12,"rankingBasis":"Added from Patrick's pull list 2026-10-31 (keyword demand sheet); second PDF bundle","rankingSourceUrl":"","commonForms":["Hydrolyzed collagen / collagen peptides","Collagen tripeptide (high-tripeptide)","Undenatured / non-hydrolyzed collagen"],"forms":[{"slug":"hydrolyzed","label":"Hydrolyzed collagen / collagen peptides","studyIds":["pmid-38984642","pmid-38007183","pmid-39259166","pmid-34461513","pmid-31872275","pmid-30784272","pmid-31159319","pmid-24767063","pmid-25417748","pmid-18707117","pmid-40517554","pmid-41298488","pmid-34448624","pmid-30739561","pmid-29467346","pmid-26978646","pmid-25410396","pmid-19957932","pmid-41227525","pmid-35990359","pmid-42233495","pmid-39203724","pmid-36475394","pmid-31927882","pmid-32266991","pmid-32520033","pmid-32806694"]},{"slug":"tripeptide","label":"Collagen tripeptide (high-tripeptide)","studyIds":["pmid-41788055","pmid-42609988","pmid-42715523","pmid-37074675","pmid-35662250","pmid-28244315","pmid-26934933","pmid-38051020","pmid-38411396","pmid-28988478","pmid-27573716","pmid-26155906","pmid-40597548"]},{"slug":"undenatured","label":"Undenatured / non-hydrolyzed collagen","studyIds":["pmid-41788055","pmid-37074675"]}],"pairs":[{"anchor":"tripeptide-vs-hydrolyzed","a":"tripeptide","b":"hydrolyzed","aLabel":"Collagen tripeptide (high-tripeptide)","bLabel":"Hydrolyzed collagen / collagen peptides","studyIds":[],"evidence":{"grade":null,"basis":"no_data","rationale":"No relevant studies in the database for this question.","counts":{}}},{"anchor":"hydrolyzed-vs-undenatured","a":"hydrolyzed","b":"undenatured","aLabel":"Hydrolyzed collagen / collagen peptides","bLabel":"Undenatured / non-hydrolyzed collagen","studyIds":[],"evidence":{"grade":null,"basis":"no_data","rationale":"No relevant studies in the database for this question.","counts":{}}}],"studies":[{"id":"pmid-41788055","title":"Low-Molecular-Weight Collagen Peptide Supplementation Improves Cellulite Severity, Skin Elasticity, and Hair Shaft Diameter: A Clinical Study with Pharmacokinetic Evaluation.","year":"2026","journal":"Journal of medicinal food","pmid":"41788055","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1177/1096620X261428336","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41788055/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41788055/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1096620X261428336","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"randomized crossover","n":"8 (Study 1); 114 randomised (Study 2)","formsStudiedRaw":"Low-molecular-weight collagen peptide (LMWCP, fish skin gelatin hydrolysate, ~3% Gly-Pro-Hyp, >15% tripeptides) vs general (non-hydrolysed) collagen","formTags":["tripeptide","undenatured"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"These findings indicate that LMWCP, characterized by high GPH content and enhanced systemic exposure resulting from targeted enzymatic hydrolysis, exerts beneficial effects on both skin and hair parameters.","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract","truncated":false},{"metric":"Cmax","text":"Cmax 3020 ± 995 ng/mL; Tmax 0.7 ± 0.2 h; AUC0–2h 3388 ± 1084 ng·h/mL","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 1","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"approximately 55-fold (P < .0001) and 54-fold (P < .0001) higher, respectively, than those observed after general collagen ingestion","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.4; Table 1","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-42609988","title":"Enhanced digestion and absorption kinetics of ultra-low molecular weight collagen containing di- and tripeptides: evidence from human and cell models.","year":"2026","journal":"PeerJ","pmid":"42609988","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.7717/peerj.21398","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42609988/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42609988/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.21398","pmcUrl":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13480140/","pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: yes","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"parallel (randomized, single-blind exploratory pilot, 3 groups) plus in vitro Caco-2","n":"15","formsStudiedRaw":"Collagen hydrolysate (ultra-low MW LMWCP 500 Da vs standard CP 2,000-3,000 Da)","formTags":["tripeptide"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: partial","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"An ultra-low molecular weight (500Da) collagen high in di- and tripeptides (>45%) demonstrated enhanced and earlier transport across the intestinal epithelium in vitro and an earlier peak plasma concentration of collagen-derived AAs in vivo compared with a standard collagen hydrolysate.","source":"fulltext","location":"Conclusions p.15","truncated":false},{"metric":"Tmax","text":"plasma glycine and proline/hydroxyproline peaked earlier after LMWCP group (30 minutes) compared to CP group (120 minutes)","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract","truncated":false},{"metric":"Tmax","text":"reaching peak levels between 30 and 120 min post-administration, then gradually returned toward baseline by 240 min","source":"fulltext","location":"Discussion p.14","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"LMWCP showed greater absorption within the first 30 min post-administration than standard collagen","source":"fulltext","location":"Fig. 4; Results text","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-42715523","title":"Oral Ingestion of Jellyfish Collagen Hydrolysate Effectively Delivers a Bioactive Tripeptide, Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp, into the Blood and Skin.","year":"2026","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","pmid":"42715523","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.6c08326","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42715523/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42715523/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.6c08326","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"parallel (two groups, human) plus mouse PK study","n":"17 humans","formsStudiedRaw":"Collagen hydrolysate (jellyfish vs bovine); Hyp-containing oligopeptides incl. Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","formTags":["tripeptide"],"food":true,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"the present study demonstrates the highly efficient transport of the collagen-derived unique tripeptide Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp into the blood and skin after oral ingestion of jellyfish collagen hydrolysate.","source":"fulltext","location":"Results and Discussion, last paragraph","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"7.8-fold increase relative to the bovine group","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 3","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"the total AUC0−24h value for the analyzed peptides was comparable","source":"fulltext","location":"Results","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"A statistically significant difference in the netAUC0−16h value ... was detected only for Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 5","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-38984642","title":"Effects of resistance exercise, collagen ingestion and circulating oestrogen concentration on collagen synthesis in a female athlete: A case report.","year":"2025","journal":"Experimental physiology","pmid":"38984642","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1113/EP091897","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38984642/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38984642/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/EP091897","pmcUrl":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12575999/","pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: yes","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"randomized crossover (double-blind case study)","n":"1","formsStudiedRaw":"Hydrolysed collagen (30 g, Myprotein) vs 34.1 g maltodextrin placebo, each with 50 mg vitamin C","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"To conclude, high circulating oestrogen concentration was associated with lower whole body collagen synthesis following RE in a female CrossFit athlete. Ingesting 30 g HC prior to performing RE, however, augmented the collagen synthesis response at both LF and OM, with an overall superior collagen synthesis response at OM.","source":"fulltext","location":"Discussion p.6","truncated":false},{"metric":"AUC","text":"0 g HC LF (122 μg L−1 h)","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract; Results p.3; Table 1","truncated":false},{"metric":"AUC","text":"30 g HC LF (144 μg L−1 h)","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract; Results p.3; Table 1","truncated":false},{"metric":"AUC","text":"0 g HC OM (151 μg L−1 h)","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract; Results p.3; Table 1","truncated":false},{"metric":"AUC","text":"30 g HC OM (201 μg L−1 h)","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract; Results p.3; Table 1","truncated":false},{"metric":"Tmax","text":"Serum PINP concentration peaked at +1 h post RE","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.3","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"+18.0%","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 1","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"+23.8%","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 1","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"+64.8%","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 1","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"+4.9%","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 1","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-38007183","title":"The Collagen Synthesis Response to an Acute Bout of Resistance Exercise Is Greater when Ingesting 30 g Hydrolyzed Collagen Compared with 15 g and 0 g in Resistance-Trained Young Men.","year":"2024","journal":"The Journal of nutrition","pmid":"38007183","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.10.030","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38007183/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38007183/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.10.030","pmcUrl":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11282471/","pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: yes","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"randomized crossover","n":"10 (13 volunteered, 3 excluded before participation)","formsStudiedRaw":"Hydrolyzed collagen (bovine) with 50 mg vitamin C","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"we have demonstrated for the first time that a single bout of high-intensity, lower-limb RE with 30 g HC ingestion increased whole body collagen synthesis more than RE with 15 g or 0 g HC in resistance-trained young men. This higher response was likely related to the greater availability of key amino acids following the ingestion of 30 g HC compared to 15 g and 0 g.","source":"fulltext","location":"Discussion p.21","truncated":false},{"metric":"AUC","text":"30g (267±79 μg∙L-1∙h) than 15g (235±70 μg∙L-1∙h, P=0.039) and 0g HC (219±88 μg∙L-1∙h, P=0.005)","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract; Results p.14-15","truncated":false},{"metric":"Tmax","text":"these peaked in circulation around 1 – 1.5 h after ingestion of 30 g HC in our study (Figure 6)","source":"fulltext","location":"Discussion p.19","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"The serum PⅠNP concentration time area-under-the-curve (AUC) was greater for 30g ... than 15g ... and 0g HC","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract; Results p.14-15; Fig. 4","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"there was no difference between 0g and 15g HC (P=0.675)","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract; Results p.15","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"30 g HC had a greater PⅠNP response than 0 g HC (P = 0.002) and 15 g HC (P = 0.020)","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.14","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"The AUCs of glycine and proline were greater for 30g than for 15g and 0g HC (P<0.05)","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"main effects of dose for 14 amino acids (glycine, proline, hydroxyproline, glutamic acid, alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, lysine, serine, leucine, valine, isoleucine, methionine, and glutamine)","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.15","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"glycine, proline, hydroxyproline, arginine, lysine, serine, leucine, valine, isoleucine, and methionine in 30 g HC showed higher serum concentrations than 15 g HC","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.15","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"Plasma β-CTX concentration decreased from -1h to +6h (P<0.05), with no differences between interventions","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.15; Abstract","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-39259166","title":"Hydrolyzed collagen supplementation prior to resistance exercise augments collagen synthesis in a dose-response manner in resistance-trained, middle-aged men.","year":"2024","journal":"American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism","pmid":"39259166","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1152/ajpendo.00252.2024","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39259166/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39259166/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00252.2024","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"randomized crossover","n":"8","formsStudiedRaw":"Vitamin C-enriched hydrolysed collagen (Myprotein Collagen Protein; 0, 15, 30 g + 50 mg vitamin C)","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"Our data show that the combination of high-intensity, lower-limb resistance exercise and hydrolyzed collagen supplementation increases collagen synthesis in middle-aged, resistance-trained men in a dose-response manner, i.e., 30 g > 15 g > 0 g.","source":"fulltext","location":"Conclusions p.E675","truncated":false},{"metric":"AUC","text":"serum PINP concentration × time area-under-the-curve (AUC) was higher following 30 g (169 ± 28 µg/mL × h) than 15 g (134 ± 23 µg/mL × h)","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract","truncated":false},{"metric":"Relative bioavailability","text":"the 30 g HC intervention led to a 27% greater PINP total AUC compared with the 15 g HC intervention","source":"fulltext","location":"Discussion p.E672","truncated":false},{"metric":"Relative bioavailability","text":"which led to a 39% greater total AUC than the 0 g HC intervention","source":"fulltext","location":"Discussion p.E672","truncated":false},{"metric":"Tmax","text":"In both the 15 g and 30 g HC interventions, PINP concentrations peaked at 2 h after RE","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.E672","truncated":false},{"metric":"Tmax","text":"PINP concentrations peaked at 2 h after RE","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.E672","truncated":false},{"metric":"AUC","text":"there was no difference in the b-CTx concentration × time total AUC between interventions (F2,14 = 1.24, P = 0.320; Fig. 4B)","source":"fulltext","location":"Fig. 4B","truncated":false},{"metric":"AUC","text":"The AUCs for glycine, proline, hydroxyproline, alanine, arginine, lysine, serine, leucine, valine, and isoleucine were greater with 30 g than 15 g and 0 g HC","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract; Results p.E672","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"the AUC was 1.2-fold greater in the 30 g compared with the 15 g HC intervention (P = 0.033)","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.E672","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"1.4 times greater in the 15 g HC intervention (P = 0.024)","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.E672","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-37074675","title":"Oral Ingestion of AP Collagen Peptide Leads to Systemic Absorption of Gly-Pro-Hyp, Alleviating H(2)O(2)-Induced Dermal Fibroblast Aging.","year":"2023","journal":"Journal of medicinal food","pmid":"37074675","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1089/jmf.2022.K.0149","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37074675/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37074675/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2022.K.0149","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"randomized crossover","n":"8","formsStudiedRaw":"AP collagen peptide (APCP; fish skin, collagenase-digested, >15% tripeptides incl. 3% Gly-Pro-Hyp and 3% Gly-Pro-Ala), general collagen peptide, undigested collagen, APCP + GABA","formTags":["tripeptide","undenatured"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"APCP significantly enhances the absorption of Gly-Pro-Hyp, which might act as an ECM-associated signaling factor in dermal fibroblasts, and the APCP and GABA combination promotes Gly-Pro-Ala absorption.","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract","truncated":false},{"metric":"Tmax","text":"peaked at 1 h after ingestion, and subsequently declined gradually","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.302","truncated":false},{"metric":"Tmax","text":"reached maximum levels after 1 h (Fig. 2C-E)","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.302","truncated":false},{"metric":"Tmax","text":"drastically increased and peaked at 0.5 h","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.302","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"The Cmax and AUC of Gly-Pro-Hyp in the APCP and APCP+GAGA groups were notably higher compared with the general collagen peptide and collagen groups","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 2 footnote a; Results p.302","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"the APCP+GABA group had significantly increased concentrations of Gly-Pro-Ala in human blood","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 2 footnote b; Results p.302","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"No significant variations were observed in Cmax and AUC among the four test groups (Table 2)","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.302; Discussion","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"this increase was not statistically significant","source":"fulltext","location":"Discussion p.304","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-34461513","title":"Comparison of gelatin and low-molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate ingestion on hydroxyproline (Hyp), Pro-Hyp and Hyp-Gly concentrations in human blood.","year":"2022","journal":"Food chemistry","pmid":"34461513","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130869","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34461513/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34461513/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130869","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"randomized crossover","n":"9","formsStudiedRaw":"Gelatin (tilapia), gelatin hydrolysate (basa), low molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (tilapia)","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"The present study revealed that ingestion of gelatin results in the absorption of Pro-Hyp and Hyp-Gly in human plasma at μM levels, similar to GH ingestion, whereas gelatin ingestion suppressed free Hyp absorption.","source":"fulltext","location":"Conclusions p.6","truncated":false},{"metric":"Cmax","text":"maximum concentrations of 94.4 ± 16.4, 150.9 ± 15.3, and 169.1 ± 32.5 nmol/mL, respectively","source":"fulltext","location":"Results 3.2 p.4","truncated":false},{"metric":"Cmax","text":"15.5 ± 3.0 after ingestion of gelatin, ... 21.1 ± 5.9 and 22.9 ± 9.9 nmol/mL after ingestion of GH and LMW-GH","source":"fulltext","location":"Results 3.3 p.4","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"The AUC of GH (463.6 ± 49.0 h⋅nmol/mL, p. < 0.01) and LMW-GH (503.5 ± 71.4 h⋅nmol/mL, p < 0.01) were significantly higher than following gelatin ingestion","source":"fulltext","location":"Results 3.2 p.4; Fig. 3","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"significantly enhanced to 21.1 ± 5.9 and 22.9 ± 9.9 nmol/mL after ingestion of GH and LMW-GH","source":"fulltext","location":"Results 3.3 p.4","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"GH (50.4 ± 10.0 h⋅nmol/mL, p < 0.05) and LMW-GH (60.6 ± 6.9 h⋅nmol/mL, p < 0.01) were significantly higher than the AUC following gelatin","source":"fulltext","location":"Results 3.3 p.4","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"gelatin hydrolysate ingestion did not significantly enhance the maximum concentration and area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) of Hyp-Gly relative to gelatin","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract; Results 3.3 p.5","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"Tmax of Pro-Hyp after gelatin ingestion was 1.7 ± 0.5 h, which was significantly prolonged compared to GH","source":"fulltext","location":"Results 3.3 p.4","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-35662250","title":"Identification of a highly stable bioactive 3-hydroxyproline-containing tripeptide in human blood after collagen hydrolysate ingestion.","year":"2022","journal":"NPJ science of food","pmid":"35662250","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1038/s41538-022-00144-4","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35662250/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35662250/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41538-022-00144-4","pmcUrl":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9166765/","pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: yes","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human + rodent (mouse)","design":"other (human single-dose time-course; mouse parallel oral administration; in vitro plasma stability and cell assays)","n":"Human 8; mouse 5 per group","formsStudiedRaw":"Collagen hydrolysate (porcine skin PS-1, Nippi; pancreatin-hydrolysed bovine skin and bovine tendon collagen hydrolysates)","formTags":["tripeptide"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"Here, we identified Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp tripeptide in human blood at high concentrations, comparable to other 4Hyp-containing oligopeptides, after ingesting porcine skin collagen hydrolysate. Additionally, Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp uniquely maintained the maximum concentration until 4 h after the ingestion due to its exceptionally high resistance to peptidase/protease demonstrated by incubation with mouse plasma.","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"Significant differences between the two collagen hydrolysates were detected for the AUC0-12 h and Cmax of Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 2","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"there were no significant differences between the administration of the skin and tendon collagen hydrolysates","source":"fulltext","location":"Fig. 5a,b; Table 2","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"Tmax of Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp was delayed compared to that of other oligopeptides (2.63 h vs. 0.63-1.44 h; Table 1)","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.2; Table 1","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-31872275","title":"Non-targeted and targeted analysis of collagen hydrolysates during the course of digestion and absorption.","year":"2020","journal":"Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry","pmid":"31872275","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1007/s00216-019-02323-x","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31872275/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31872275/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-019-02323-x","pmcUrl":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7005076/","pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: yes","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"other (single-dose serum sampling; plus in vitro TIM digestion model)","n":"12","formsStudiedRaw":"Collagen hydrolysates (Peptan B2000 bovine, P2000 porcine, P5000 porcine, F2000 fish)","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: partial","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"After having defined and performed a limited targeted analysis, it was found that, in our experimental setup, Hyp-Gly and especially Pro-Hyp contributed significantly as carrier to the total Hyp increase in blood after ingestion of collagen hydrolysate.","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-30784272","title":"Amount of Collagen in the Meat Contained in Japanese Daily Dishes and the Collagen Peptide Content in Human Blood after Ingestion of Cooked Fish Meat.","year":"2019","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","pmid":"30784272","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06896","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30784272/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30784272/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06896","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"randomized crossover (randomization not stated; same volunteers received both)","n":"6","formsStudiedRaw":"Collagen in cooked blue shark tail meat vs collagen hydrolysate (fish scale, Ixos gel HDL-50SP, avg MW 4769 Da)","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"Thus, ingestion of collagen-rich meat increases the collagen peptides in blood, which depends on not only the collagen content in the meat but also the susceptibility of the collagen/gelatin to digestive endoproteinases.","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract","truncated":false},{"metric":"Cmax","text":"both the free Hyp and Hyp-containing peptide reached maximum levels of ∼45 and 14 μM in plasma, respectively, at 60 min","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.5","truncated":false},{"metric":"Cmax","text":"reached maximum levels of ∼45 and 14 μM in plasma, respectively, at 60 min","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.5","truncated":false},{"metric":"Cmax","text":"approximately one-half and one-fifth of the levels observed after ingestion of 13.5 g of collagen hydrolysate (∼90 and 70 μM, respectively)","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.5","truncated":false},{"metric":"Cmax","text":"(∼90 and 70 μM, respectively)","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.5","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"most were significantly lower (p < 0.05) except for Hyp-Gly, Pro-Hyp-Gly, and Ile-Hyp","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 2","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-31159319","title":"Human Enriched Serum Following Hydrolysed Collagen Absorption Modulates Bone Cell Activity: from Bedside to Bench and Vice Versa.","year":"2019","journal":"Nutrients","pmid":"31159319","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.3390/nu11061249","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31159319/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31159319/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11061249","pmcUrl":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6627680/","pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: yes","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"other (single-dose kinetic step then enriched-serum collection; mouse gavage kinetics)","n":null,"formsStudiedRaw":"Hydrolysed collagen (bovine B2000, porcine P2000/P5000, fish F2000)","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: partial","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"Overall, our results correlate with literature data on the positive role of HC for bone health.","source":"fulltext","location":"Conclusions p.14","truncated":false},{"metric":"Tmax","text":"reaching the absorption peak between 30 min and 60 min after ingestion","source":"fulltext","location":"Results 3.3, p.7","truncated":false},{"metric":"Tmax","text":"the protein concentration rapidly increased in the blood reaching the absorption peak at 1 h after ingestion","source":"fulltext","location":"Results 3.4, p.9","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-28244315","title":"Oral Ingestion of Collagen Hydrolysate Leads to the Transportation of Highly Concentrated Gly-Pro-Hyp and Its Hydrolyzed Form of Pro-Hyp into the Bloodstream and Skin.","year":"2017","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","pmid":"28244315","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05679","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28244315/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28244315/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05679","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"Human: single-blinded randomized(not stated) crossover with ≥7 days washout; mouse: parallel dose groups, 5 mice per time point","n":"12 (human); mouse 5 per time point","formsStudiedRaw":"Collagen hydrolysate (porcine skin): high tripeptide containing (HTC-col, HACP-01) vs low tripeptide containing (LTC-col, CPAH-5); pure Gly-Pro-Hyp and Pro-Hyp in mice","formTags":["tripeptide"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"Therefore, we propose that functional peptides can be transferred to the skin by dietary supplements of collagen.","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"An asterisk indicates significant difference compared to LTC-col by paired t-test; p < 0.05.","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 1","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"Cmax asterisks on all of these; AUC asterisks on Ala-Hyp-Gly, Pro-Ala, Gly-Pro, Pro-Hyp-Gly, Gly-Pro-Pro, Gly-Pro-Ser, Gly-Pro-Gln only","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 1","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-26934933","title":"Absorption and Urinary Excretion of Peptides after Collagen Tripeptide Ingestion in Humans.","year":"2016","journal":"Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin","pmid":"26934933","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1248/bpb.b15-00624","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26934933/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26934933/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b15-00624","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"randomized crossover","n":"4","formsStudiedRaw":"Collagen tripeptide (CTP-100, CTP-50) vs collagen peptide (CP)","formTags":["tripeptide"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"Overall, our results suggest that tripeptides derived from collagen are absorbed efficiently by the body.","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract","truncated":false},{"metric":"Tmax","text":"Gly-Pro-Hyp reached Tmax in 30–60 min (CTP-100 and CTP-50)","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.430","truncated":false},{"metric":"Tmax","text":"Gly-Pro-Hyp ... after CP ingestion remained at lower levels: Tmax occurred at 60 min","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.430","truncated":false},{"metric":"Tmax","text":"Tmax of Pro-Hyp occurred at 60 min after ingestion","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.430","truncated":false},{"metric":"Tmax","text":"Gly-Pro ... Tmax occurring at the last time point (240 min)","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.430","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"The urinary excretion level of Gly-Pro-Hyp was the highest after ingestion of CTP-100, followed by after ingestion of CTP-50, and lowest after ingestion of CP.","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 2; Results p.432","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"The post-ingestion excretion levels of Pro-Hyp were highest after for CTP-100, followed by CTP-50, and lowest for CP.","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 2; Results p.432","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"The excretion levels of Gly-Pro were higher after CTP-100 than after ingestion of CTP-50 and CP.","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 2","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"There were no differences in the excretion levels of Hyp-Gly among the three samples.","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 2","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"Cmax for CTP-50 was approximately half of that of CTP-100.","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.430; Fig. 2","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-24767063","title":"Dose-dependent changes in the levels of free and peptide forms of hydroxyproline in human plasma after collagen hydrolysate ingestion.","year":"2014","journal":"Food chemistry","pmid":"24767063","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.02.091","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24767063/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24767063/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.02.091","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"randomized crossover","n":"4","formsStudiedRaw":"Collagen hydrolysate (cod skin)","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"The Hyp absorption limit was not reached with ingestion of as much as 384.6 mg of collagen hydrolysate. These finding suggest that ingestion of less than 30.8 mg of collagen hydrolysate is not effective for health benefits.","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract","truncated":false},{"metric":"Cmax","text":"reaching maximum levels of 6.43, 20.17 and 32.84 nmol/ml","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract; Results 3.1","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"Ingestion of 153.8 and 384.6 mg doses of collagen hydrolysate significantly increased the levels of free and peptide-incorporated Hyp in plasma.","source":"fulltext","location":"Results 3.1","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"There was no significant difference in AUC/h values between the free and peptide forms of Hyp with ingestion of the 30.8 mg collagen hydrolysate dose.","source":"fulltext","location":"Results 3.2; Fig. 3","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-25417748","title":"Highly accurate quantification of hydroxyproline-containing peptides in blood using a protease digest of stable isotope-labeled collagen.","year":"2014","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","pmid":"25417748","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1021/jf5039597","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25417748/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25417748/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/jf5039597","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"single-arm","n":"1","formsStudiedRaw":"Fish-scale gelatin hydrolysate (FCP, Nippi), average MW 3000-5000 Da","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"Our method is useful for absorption/metabolism studies of the Hyp-containing peptides and development of functionally characterized gelatin hydrolysate.","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract","truncated":false},{"metric":"Tmax","text":"The plasma concentrations reached a maximum at 1−2 h and returned to close to the initial level at 6 h","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.12098","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"The AUC0−6 h of Pro-Hyp was significantly higher than those of other Hyp-containing peptides","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.12101","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"the concentrations estimated without the internal standard were significantly lower than those estimated with the internal standard","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.12098","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-18707117","title":"Consumption of a functional fermented milk containing collagen hydrolysate improves the concentration of collagen-specific amino acids in plasma.","year":"2008","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","pmid":"18707117","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1021/jf800691f","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18707117/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18707117/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/jf800691f","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"randomized crossover (open; plasma analysis blinded)","n":"15","formsStudiedRaw":"Collagen hydrolysate (CH, porcine bone, enzymatic hydrolysis)","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"In conclusion, because of their physicochemical characteristics, the fermentation process, and the great homogeneity of the preparation, this milk product improves the plasma concentration of amino acids from CH, that is, proline.","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract","truncated":false},{"metric":"Tmax","text":"the time peak of blood AA concentration only at 1-1.5 h after the ingestion","source":"fulltext","location":"Discussion p.7793","truncated":false},{"metric":"Urinary excretion","text":"104.9 and 100.1 µmol/L after CH-containing FMP and control product administration","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.7793","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"mean values of Cmax for the four AAs ... were significantly greater (p < 0.04)","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 3","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"Except for an increase in Cmax of proline after administration of CH-containing FMP (p = 0.015), no significant difference","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 3; Results","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-40517554","title":"Comparative study of the therapeutic effects of sturgeon collagen peptide chelate-zinc on osteoarthritis induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection and medial meniscectomy in obese male rats.","year":"2025","journal":"Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie","pmid":"40517554","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1016/j.biopha.2025.118236","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40517554/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40517554/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2025.118236","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"parallel","n":"NR (text states 49 rats; groups n = 7 per figure/table captions)","formsStudiedRaw":"Sturgeon collagen peptide chelated zinc (SPZ; zinc gluconate-chelated) vs zinc gluconate vs sturgeon peptide (SP) vs glucosamine sulfate","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: partial","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"SPZ, particularly at 150 mg/kg (SPZ2), demonstrated significantly superior protective effects compared to SP or zinc gluconate alone. This enhanced efficacy is attributed to the improved bioavailability of chelated zinc.","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"the levels of zinc in the SPZ-1, SPZ-2, and ZINC groups are significantly higher than those in the other groups","source":"fulltext","location":"Results 3.7 p.4","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"there was no significant difference between the zinc group and SPZ1 despite the lower dose (Fig. 6 A)","source":"fulltext","location":"Results 3.7 p.4","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-41298488","title":"Stability and iron affinity of Donkey-hide gelatin hydrolysates: Implications for improving iron bioavailability and gut microbiota modulation.","year":"2025","journal":"NPJ science of food","pmid":"41298488","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1038/s41538-025-00617-2","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41298488/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41298488/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41538-025-00617-2","pmcUrl":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12658104/","pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: yes","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"parallel","n":"54 (CON 9 + MOD 45)","formsStudiedRaw":"Donkey-hide gelatin hydrolysate (DH) + FeSO4 (2 mg Fe/kg BW/day) vs hemoglobin hydrolysate (HH) + FeSO4 vs FeSO4 alone","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"Compared with FeSO4, DH exhibited superior efficacy in promoting iron bioavailability, as evidenced by improvements in hematological indicators, serum biochemical indicators, and gut microbiota composition.","source":"fulltext","location":"Discussion p.8","truncated":false},{"metric":"Relative bioavailability","text":"RBV, expressed relative to the FeSO4 group (set as 100%), was significantly elevated to 132.93%, 169.65%, and 158.99% in the HH, DH, and HDH groups","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.4 (Fig. 3H)","truncated":false},{"metric":"Relative bioavailability","text":"RBV, expressed relative to the FeSO4 group (set as 100%)","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.4","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"the DH group achieved the highest RBV (169.65%) and the greatest HGBRE (11.45%), both significantly greater than those in the FeSO4 group (p < 0.05)","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.4","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"SI, SF, and TS levels significantly increased in the DH group","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.4","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-38051020","title":"Pharmacokinetics of collagen dipeptides (Gly-Pro and Pro-Hyp) and tripeptides (Gly-Pro-Hyp) in rats.","year":"2024","journal":"Journal of food science","pmid":"38051020","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1111/1750-3841.16871","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38051020/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38051020/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.16871","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"other (parallel groups, IV and intragastric, 5 rats per subgroup)","n":"30 (PK); 15 (urinary excretion)","formsStudiedRaw":"Collagen peptides: Gly-Pro-Hyp, Pro-Hyp, Gly-Pro (individual synthetic peptides)","formTags":["tripeptide"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"this work is the first to present the individual pharmacokinetics of Gly–Pro–Hyp, Pro–Hyp, and Gly–Pro in vivo. Although the absolute bioavailability of Pro–Hyp was 19.3% with GI absorption as the main route for systemic exposure, Gly–Pro–Hyp bioavailability was limited to 4.4%, presumably due to predominant metabolic instability.","source":"fulltext","location":"Conclusion","truncated":false},{"metric":"Absolute bioavailability","text":"the absolute oral bioavailabilities of Gly–Pro–Hyp and Pro–Hyp were 4.4% and 19.3%, respectively","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 1","truncated":false},{"metric":"AUC","text":"the extent of systemic exposure (AUC, 14.09 ± 4.13 mg h/L) was slightly lower than when Pro–Hyp was administered alone (17.32 ± 5.53 mg h/L)","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.705 (Sec. 3.2)","truncated":false},{"metric":"AUC","text":"AUC of Pro–Hyp biotransformed from Gly–Pro–Hyp was 1.09 ± 0.69 mg h/L","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.705 (Sec. 3.2)","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"Gly–Pro–Hyp tended to exhibit higher first-pass metabolism than Pro–Hyp; the absolute oral bioavailabilities of Gly–Pro–Hyp and Pro–Hyp were 4.4% and 19.3%","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract; Table 1","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"the elimination rate (ke, 2.33 ± 0.30 h−1; t1/2, 18.09 ± 2.37 min) of Pro–Hyp was 1.5-fold slower than the elimination rate of Gly–Pro–Hyp (p < 0.01)","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.705; Table 1","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"slightly lower than when Pro–Hyp was administered alone (17.32 ± 5.53 mg h/L) ... with no statistical significance","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.705","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-38411396","title":"Effects of collagen hydrolysates on UV-induced photoaging mice: Gly-Pro-Hyp as a potent anti-photoaging peptide.","year":"2024","journal":"Food & function","pmid":"38411396","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1039/d3fo04949c","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38411396/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38411396/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d3fo04949c","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"other (parallel oral PK in rats; separate mouse efficacy study)","n":"12 rats (6 per hydrolysate)","formsStudiedRaw":"Collagen hydrolysates (tilapia skin) with low vs high Gly-Pro-Xaa tripeptide content; Gly-Pro-Hyp","formTags":["tripeptide"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"The pharmacokinetic study showed a similar pattern of peptide absorption except for Gly-Pro-Hyp after oral ingestion of LCH and HCH. To be specific, when HCH was orally ingested, the AUC(0–300 min) value of Gly-Pro-Hyp was 65.07-fold higher than when LCH was orally ingested, whereas differences in the other peptides were only 1–2-fold.","source":"fulltext","location":"Conclusions p.3019","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"approximately 65.07-fold, was observed after oral ingestion of HCH than the oral ingestion of LCH (71.58 ± 9.02 vs. 1.10 ± 1.27 min nmol mL−1, p < 0.05)","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.3012; Table 2","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"Asterisk denotes a statistically significant difference in AUC(0–300 min) between LCH and HCH.","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 2","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-34448624","title":"Effect of Collagen Peptide-Chelated Zinc Nanoparticles From Pufferfish Skin on Zinc Bioavailability in Rats.","year":"2021","journal":"Journal of medicinal food","pmid":"34448624","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1089/jmf.2021.K.0038","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34448624/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34448624/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2021.K.0038","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"parallel","n":"40","formsStudiedRaw":"Collagen peptide-chelated zinc (CP-Zn) nanoparticles from pufferfish skin vs zinc sulfate and zinc gluconate","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"The study demonstrated that CP-Zn nanoparticles were ideal for zinc supplementation.","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"CP-Zn nanoparticles presented better Zn apparent absorption and Zn retention rates than zinc gluconate (P < .05)","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 4; Discussion p.994","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"improved by administration of zinc gluconate and CP-Zn nanoparticles compared with the zinc sulfate group (P < .01)","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 4","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-30739561","title":"Orally administered collagen peptide protects against UVB-induced skin aging through the absorption of dipeptide forms, Gly-Pro and Pro-Hyp.","year":"2019","journal":"Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry","pmid":"30739561","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1080/09168451.2019.1580559","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30739561/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30739561/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09168451.2019.1580559","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"single-arm","n":"5","formsStudiedRaw":"Collagen peptide NS (CPNS), fish scale collagen hydrolysate by fungal proteases (avg MW ~800 Da; Gly-Pro ~4% by LC-MS/MS; Pro-Hyp and Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected in CPNS)","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":true,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"Gly-Pro derived from CPNS may play a crucial role in the prevention of skin aging, together with Pro-Hyp and Gly-Pro-Hyp.","source":"fulltext","location":"Conclusion","truncated":false},{"metric":"Cmax","text":"The Cmax of Pro-Hyp exceeded 16.3 ± 2.14 nmol/mL.","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.6","truncated":false},{"metric":"AUC","text":"AUC for Pro-Hyp (1,619.18 ± 271.62 min∙nmol/mL) was the highest compared to the other peptides","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.6","truncated":false},{"metric":"AUC","text":"Gly-Pro and Gly-Pro-Hyp (240.28 ± 24.46 and 98.41 ± 13.58 min-nmol/mL, respectively)","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.6","truncated":false},{"metric":"Tmax","text":"the time to reach maximal concentration (Tmax) of Gly-Pro was rapid (30 min)","source":"fulltext","location":"Discussion p.7","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-29467346","title":"Absorption and metabolism of orally administered collagen hydrolysates evaluated by the vascularly perfused rat intestine and liver in situ.","year":"2018","journal":"Biomedical research (Tokyo, Japan)","pmid":"29467346","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.2220/biomedres.39.1","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29467346/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29467346/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2220/biomedres.39.1","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"parallel (collagen hydrolysate vs water control) with in situ vascular perfusion","n":null,"formsStudiedRaw":"Collagen hydrolysate (porcine skin gelatin hydrolysate SCP-5000, avg MW 5000 Da)","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"Taken all together, this study showed that peptides which are larger than tripeptide could reach to the circulation system after administration of CH, revealing previously unknown dynamics of absorption of CH.","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"The total amount of absorbed HCPs during 1 h of perfusion was 16.6 μmol, which was significantly higher than that of free Hyp (6.6 μmol).","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract; Table 1","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"the amount of DGEAGKPGROGE and GEAGPAAGPAGPAGPR was apparently higher in CH-administered group compared to control group","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 3","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-28988478","title":"Identification of Collagen-Derived Hydroxyproline (Hyp)-Containing Cyclic Dipeptides with High Oral Bioavailability: Efficient Formation of Cyclo(X-Hyp) from X-Hyp-Gly-Type Tripeptides by Heating.","year":"2017","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","pmid":"28988478","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03714","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28988478/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28988478/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03714","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"parallel (hydrolysate: control vs heat-treated; synthetic: two peptide-mixture groups)","n":null,"formsStudiedRaw":"Collagen hydrolysate (ginger-protease-degraded, heat-treated) and synthetic collagenous oligopeptides / cyclic dipeptides","formTags":["tripeptide"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"The high productivity and oral bioavailability of the collagen-specific cyclic dipeptides suggest significant health benefits of the heat-treated ginger-degraded collagen hydrolysate.","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract","truncated":false},{"metric":"Cmax","text":"Pro-Hyp showed the highest maximum plasma concentration (Cmax, 0.118 μg/mL)","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.6","truncated":false},{"metric":"Cmax","text":"cyclic dipeptides showed higher values of Cmax [0.748 and 0.626 μg/mL for cyclo(Ala-Hyp) and 1.495 μg/mL for cyclo(Leu-Hyp)]","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.6","truncated":false},{"metric":"Cmax","text":"1.495 μg/mL for cyclo(Leu-Hyp)","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.6","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"all three cyclic dipeptides displayed markedly higher plasma levels after the administration of the heat-treated collagen hydrolysate","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.5; Fig. 5B","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"AUC0−6 h of the cyclic dipeptides reached >2 μg mL−1 h−1, which was dramatically higher than that of the collagenous oligopeptides","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 1; Results p.6-7","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-26978646","title":"Efficient Absorption of X-Hydroxyproline (Hyp)-Gly after Oral Administration of a Novel Gelatin Hydrolysate Prepared Using Ginger Protease.","year":"2016","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","pmid":"26978646","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00609","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26978646/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26978646/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00609","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"parallel (three groups, single oral gavage; comparison vs control hydrolysate PTC-GH)","n":null,"formsStudiedRaw":"Collagen (gelatin hydrolysates: ginger-protease-degraded vs pepsin/trypsin/chymotrypsin-degraded); Hyp and collagen-derived oligopeptides","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"This study demonstrated that orally administered X-Hyp-Gly was effectively absorbed into the blood, probably due to the high protease resistance of this type of tripeptide.","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"e.g., 2.3-fold for Glu-Hyp-Gly, p < 0.05","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 2; Abstract","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"*, p < 0.05, and **, p < 0.01, compared to the control gelatin hydrolysate, PTC-GH (ANOVA/Dunnet's test).","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 2","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"These trends were not significant but still observed for the G-HMW-GH administration","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 2; Results p.6","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-27573716","title":"Orally Available Collagen Tripeptide: Enzymatic Stability, Intestinal Permeability, and Absorption of Gly-Pro-Hyp and Pro-Hyp.","year":"2016","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","pmid":"27573716","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02955","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27573716/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27573716/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02955","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"parallel (three oral groups); plus in vitro stability and Caco-2 assays","n":null,"formsStudiedRaw":"Collagen tripeptide (CTP) / collagen peptides; Gly-Pro-Hyp and Pro-Hyp","formTags":["tripeptide"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"These results suggest that the ingestion of CTP is an efficient method for taking bioactive peptides orally due to the enzymatic stability and intestinal permeability of GPH and PH.","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"the GPH Tmax values were comparable among the three rat groups","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.4","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"the Papp value ((0.13 ± 0.03) × 10−6 cm/s) of PH was significantly lower than that of GPH","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.4","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-25410396","title":"Determination of bioavailability and identification of collagen peptide in blood after oral ingestion of gelatin.","year":"2015","journal":"Journal of the science of food and agriculture","pmid":"25410396","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1002/jsfa.7008","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25410396/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25410396/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.7008","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"parallel","n":"30 (PK experiment) + 20 (peptide identification experiment)","formsStudiedRaw":"Gelatin (tilapia scale), measured as Hyp","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"The oral bioavailability of gelatin and the structure of collagen peptide in blood were investigated in this study. The bioavailability of gelatin was as high as animal protein. Nearly half of the digested gelatin was absorbed in the form of peptide, and the absorbed amount of an amino acid depended on its content in gelatin.","source":"fulltext","location":"Conclusion p.2716","truncated":false},{"metric":"Relative bioavailability","text":"The relative and absolute bioavailability of gelatin were 74.12% and 85.97%, respectively.","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract; Results p.2714","truncated":false},{"metric":"Absolute bioavailability","text":"The F r and F s of gelatin were 74.12% and 85.97%, respectively","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract; Results p.2714","truncated":false},{"metric":"Fractional absorption","text":"41.91% of amino acid residues in gelatin were absorbed in the form of peptide","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract; Results p.2714","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"the t1/2 (6.40 ± 1.15 h) and MRT (10.51 ± 1.70 h) of Hyp in gelatin were significantly higher than the oral ingestion of Hyp","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 1","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-25826015","title":"Bioavailability and bioavailable forms of collagen after oral administration to rats.","year":"2015","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","pmid":"25826015","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1021/jf5057502","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25826015/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25826015/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/jf5057502","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"parallel","n":"30 (PK experiment) + 20 (peptide identification experiment)","formsStudiedRaw":"Collagen (tilapia skin), measured as Hyp","formTags":[],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"The bioavailability of collagen was lower than animal protein, but was comparable to cereal protein. Most of the digested collagen was absorbed in the form of a peptide rather than a free amino acid, and the absorbed amount of an amino acid depended on its content in collagen.","source":"fulltext","location":"Conclusion p.3754-3755","truncated":false},{"metric":"Relative bioavailability","text":"The relative and absolute bioavailability of collagen were 57.8% and 49.6%, respectively","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract; Results p.3753","truncated":false},{"metric":"Fractional absorption","text":"more than 63.4% of the amino acid residues in collagen were absorbed in the form of a peptide","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract; Results p.3754","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"the t1/2 (6.91 ± 1.09 h) and MRT (10.8 ± 1.73 h) of Hyp in collagen were significantly higher than the oral administration of Hyp","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 1","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-26155906","title":"Absorption and plasma kinetics of collagen tripeptide after peroral or intraperitoneal administration in rats.","year":"2015","journal":"Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry","pmid":"26155906","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1080/09168451.2015.1062711","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26155906/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26155906/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09168451.2015.1062711","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"parallel","n":"13 (PK: 5 + 5 + 3)","formsStudiedRaw":"Collagen tripeptide (CTP; Gly-Pro-Hyp, Gly-Pro-Ala, Gly-Ala-Hyp)","formTags":["tripeptide"],"food":true,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"administering collagen as tripeptides enables efficient absorption of tripeptides and dipeptides.","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"Only Tmax of Gly-Pro showed a significantly earlier value with intraperitoneal administration.","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 1; Results p.2029-2030","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"significant increases were observed in the plasma concentrations of all tripeptides after peroral and intraperitoneal administration","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.2028","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"Cmax of Gly-Pro-Hyp exceeded 130 nmol/mL, which was the highest among all tripeptides.","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.2028-2029","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-19957932","title":"Absorption and effectiveness of orally administered low molecular weight collagen hydrolysate in rats.","year":"2010","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","pmid":"19957932","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1021/jf9031487","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19957932/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19957932/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9031487","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"parallel","n":"48 (Wistar, Experiment 1)","formsStudiedRaw":"Low molecular weight collagen hydrolysate (LMW-CH) from chicken feet, average MW approx 800 Da","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: partial","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"Our findings show that LMW-CH exerts a beneficial effect on osteoporosis by increasing the organic substance content of bone.","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"kidney radioactivity was significantly higher in the CTp group than in the Pro group at 0.5 to 3 h after administration","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.837; Fig. 3","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"radioactivity increased more rapidly in the Pro group than in the CTp group","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.837; Fig. 3","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-19661700","title":"Absorption of hydroxyproline-containing peptides in vascularly perfused rat small intestine in situ.","year":"2009","journal":"Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry","pmid":"19661700","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1271/bbb.90050","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19661700/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19661700/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.90050","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"other (specify): in situ vascularly perfused rat small intestine; single injection into jejunum","n":null,"formsStudiedRaw":"Collagen: Hyp-containing peptides (Pro-Hyp, Hyp-Gly, Ser-Hyp, Ala-Hyp, (Pro-Hyp-Gly)5)","formTags":[],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"These results suggest that Hyp-peptides were resistant to intracellular hydrolysis and that a significant amount of these peptides was transported across the intestinal wall and may enter the portal circulation in an intact form.","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract","truncated":false},{"metric":"Cmax","text":"reached a maximum level of greater than 100 nmol/ml approximately 20 min post-injection","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.1743 (Fig. 1A text)","truncated":false},{"metric":"Cmax","text":"reached a maximum of 150 nmol/ml after 15 min","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.1743 (Fig. 1B text)","truncated":false},{"metric":"Cmax","text":"attaining a maximum level of 300 nmol/ml approximately 10 min post-injection","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.1743 (Fig. 1C text)","truncated":false},{"metric":"Cmax","text":"reached a maximum level of 200 nmol/ml after approximately 10 minutes","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.1743 (Fig. 1D text)","truncated":false},{"metric":"Cmax","text":"The total Hyp content in the perfusate gradually increased and reached a maximum of 237 nmol/ml","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.1743 (Fig. 1E text)","truncated":false},{"metric":"Cmax","text":"reached a maximum level of 400 nmol/ml after approximately 20 min (data not shown)","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.1743 para 2","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"the amount of free Hyp ... was significantly lower in the Pro-Hyp, Hyp-Gly, and (Pro-Hyp-Gly)5 groups","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 1; Results p.1744","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"the greatest amount of peptide-form Hyp was found in the perfusate obtained from the injection of Hyp-Gly","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 1","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"due to large variations in the data, there were no significant differences among the groups","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 1; Results p.1744","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-41227525","title":"Free Plasma Amino Acid Concentrations in Horses Fed Different Dosing Regimens of Hydrolysed Collagen.","year":"2025","journal":"Animals : an open access journal from MDPI","pmid":"41227525","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.3390/ani15213195","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41227525/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41227525/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15213195","pmcUrl":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12609581/","pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: yes","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"other_animal","speciesRaw":"other animal (horse)","design":"randomized crossover","n":"6","formsStudiedRaw":"Hydrolysed collagen (SONAC Hydro-P Premium, Darling Ingredients) in pelleted feed, 0, 50, 100 g/d","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":true,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"There was a correlation between supplement dose and plasma AA concentration. Although clinical efficacy was not evaluated in this study, a dose of 100 g HC once daily resulted in higher plasma concentrations, which could be detected for at least 24 h, suggesting greater potential clinical relevance.","source":"fulltext","location":"5. Conclusions p.9","truncated":false},{"metric":"Tmax","text":"Peak plasma concentrations were reached for 15/19 AA two hours (t2) after feeding dose CH","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.6","truncated":false},{"metric":"Tmax","text":"13/19 AA also peaked two hours (t2) after feeding dose CL","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.6","truncated":false},{"metric":"Tmax","text":"The only exception was Glycine with peak concentrations at t4 for CL and t3 for CH","source":"fulltext","location":"Discussion p.8","truncated":false},{"metric":"Tmax","text":"glycine with peak concentrations at t4 for CL and t3 for CH","source":"fulltext","location":"Discussion p.8","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"differences in mean plasma AA concentrations between the CH and CN doses for alanine, arginine, glutamine, glycine, proline, serine and hydroxyproline","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract; Table 4","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"statistical differences were observed between the CL and CN doses for arginine, glycine, proline and hydroxyproline","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract; Table 4","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-35990359","title":"Chicken skin-derived collagen peptides chelated zinc promotes zinc absorption and represses tumor growth and invasion in vivo by suppressing autophagy.","year":"2022","journal":"Frontiers in nutrition","pmid":"35990359","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.3389/fnut.2022.960926","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35990359/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35990359/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.960926","pmcUrl":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9381994/","pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: yes","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"other_animal","speciesRaw":"other animal (Drosophila melanogaster)","design":"other (animal feeding experiment)","n":null,"formsStudiedRaw":"Zinc (chicken skin collagen peptide-chelated zinc, CCP-Zn) vs zinc sulfate","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: partial","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"CCP–Zn showed the highest bioavailability, antioxidant activity, and anti-tumor activity among CCP, ZnSO4, and CCP–Zn.","source":"fulltext","location":"Conclusion","truncated":false},{"metric":"Relative bioavailability","text":"the zinc levels in the fat body cells of larvae fed with CCP–Zn are increased by about 22.9%","source":"fulltext","location":"Results, bioavailability section p.7; Fig. 4B","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"These data suggested that CCP–Zn is easier to be absorbed than ZnSO4.","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.7; Fig. 4","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-42233495","title":"Comparative assessment on osteoprotective effects of bone collagen peptides from diverse animal sources: Insights from the characteristics of gastrointestinal digestion and absorption.","year":"2026","journal":"Journal of the science of food and agriculture","pmid":"42233495","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70759","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42233495/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42233495/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.70759","pmcUrl":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13442744/","pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: yes (free in PMC)","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"in_vitro","speciesRaw":"in vitro","design":"other (in vitro digestion and Caco-2 transport; rat OVX efficacy study)","n":null,"formsStudiedRaw":"Collagen (yak/bovine/porcine/chicken bone collagen peptides; four synthetic osteogenic peptides)","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: partial","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"The divergent osteoprotective effects of YBP/BBPs/PBPs/CBPs are likely attributable to their structural determinants including gastrointestinal digestion/absorption/transportation, and affinity/binding modes to epidermal growth factor receptor, as well as possible RGD (arginine, glycine and aspartic acid) sequence similarity.","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract (CONCLUSION)","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"Different lowercase letters (a, b, c, d) indicate statistically significant differences between peptides (P < 0.05).","source":"fulltext","location":"Table 2","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"relatively higher than those of FGFDGDFYRA (12.95%) and FGFDGDFYR (15.63%) without statistically significant differences","source":"fulltext","location":"Results, Table 1","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-40597548","title":"Production of collagen-derived hydroxyproline (Hyp)-containing di- and tripeptides by brush border membrane enzymes and their absorption characteristics.","year":"2025","journal":"Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)","pmid":"40597548","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1016/j.foodres.2025.116847","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40597548/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40597548/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2025.116847","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"in_vitro","speciesRaw":"other animal (rat, Sprague-Dawley) + in vitro","design":"other (in vivo rat PK + in vitro)","n":"12 rats (6 per hydrolysate)","formsStudiedRaw":"Fish skin collagen hydrolysates CTH (collagenase, low MW) and CH (Alcalase, high MW); Hyp-containing di- and tripeptides","formTags":["tripeptide"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"Hyp-containing di- and tripeptides could be transported intact across the cell monolayer, with the highest apparent permeability coefficient (Papp, (23.91 ± 3.18) × 10− 8 cm/s) observed for Gly-Pro-Hyp.","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract","truncated":false},{"metric":"Tmax","text":"peak plasma concentrations in the micromolar range of these Hyp-containing di- and tripeptides were generally observed at 10 or 30 min","source":"fulltext","location":"Results 3.1 p.4","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"oral ingestion of CTH enhanced overall absorption efficiency of the nine Hyp-containing di- and tripeptides","source":"fulltext","location":"Results 3.1 p.4","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"CTH enhanced the absorption of Ala-Hyp, Leu-Hyp, Phe-Hyp, Pro-Hyp, Hyp-Gly, and Gly-Pro-Hyp, while Ala-Hyp-Gly, Leu-Hyp-Gly, and Ser-Hyp-Gly were more easily absorbed after oral ingestion of CH","source":"fulltext","location":"Results 3.1 p.4","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"GPO exhibited the highest Papp (23.91 ± 3.18 × 10− 8 cm/s) followed by LO and FO","source":"fulltext","location":"Results 3.4 p.8","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-39203724","title":"Deer Skin Collagen Peptides Bound to Calcium: In Vitro Gastrointestinal Simulation of Digestion, Cellular Uptake and Analysis of Antioxidant Activity.","year":"2024","journal":"Nutrients","pmid":"39203724","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.3390/nu16162585","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39203724/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39203724/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16162585","pmcUrl":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11357615/","pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: yes","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"in_vitro","speciesRaw":"in vitro","design":"other (in vitro)","n":null,"formsStudiedRaw":"Deer skin collagen peptide calcium chelate (Ca-DSCP) vs CaCl2","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: complete","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"In vitro experiments revealed that DSCP can act as a calcium carrier to increase calcium transport in Caco-2 cells, but the manner in which it promoted calcium transport was unclear.","source":"fulltext","location":"4. Conclusions p.18","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"Ca-DSCP significantly increased calcium transport activity compared with the CaCl2 group in each time period (p < 0.05)","source":"fulltext","location":"Results 3.9 p.12","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-36475394","title":"Collagen Peptides as a Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-2α-Stabilizing Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor to Stimulate Intestinal Iron Absorption by Upregulating Iron Transport Proteins.","year":"2022","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","pmid":"36475394","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05411","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36475394/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36475394/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05411","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"in_vitro","speciesRaw":"in vitro + rodent","design":"other (in vitro cell experiments and acute rat dosing)","n":"30 rats","formsStudiedRaw":"Collagen hydrolysate (porcine skin gelatin, simulated GI digest, mostly <2 kDa) and Pro-Hyp","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: partial","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"Overall, collagen peptides act as a hypoxia-inducible factor-2α-stabilizing prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor to stimulate intestinal iron absorption.","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"CH and Pro-Hyp significantly increased the rate of calcein fluorescence quenching (P < 0.05), while glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline showed no significant effects","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.15099; Fig. 1","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-31927882","title":"Three Newly Isolated Calcium-Chelating Peptides from Tilapia Bone Collagen Hydrolysate Enhance Calcium Absorption Activity in Intestinal Caco-2 Cells.","year":"2020","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","pmid":"31927882","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07602","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31927882/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31927882/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07602","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"in_vitro","speciesRaw":"in vitro","design":"other (in vitro Caco-2 transport)","n":null,"formsStudiedRaw":"Synthesized calcium-chelating peptides from tilapia bone collagen hydrolysate (GPAGPHGPVG, FDHIVY, YQEPVIAPKL)","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: partial","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"These three peptides could potentially be used as a nutritional supplement for improving calcium absorption and preventing calcium deficiency.","source":"fulltext","location":"Conclusions p.7","truncated":false},{"metric":"Relative bioavailability","text":"increased by 89 ± 9, 202 ± 12, and 130 ± 7% with the addition of GPAGPHGPVG, FDHIVY, and YQEPVIAPKL","source":"fulltext","location":"Abstract; Results p.6","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"the calcium transport activity was significantly better than the control group at 60, 120, and 180 min","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.6; Fig. 8","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"FDHIVY had the greatest effect on calcium transport, followed by YQEPVIAPKL, and then GPAGPHGPVG","source":"fulltext","location":"Results p.6","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-32266991","title":"The in vitro bioavailability of anti-platelet peptides in collagen hydrolysate from silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) skin.","year":"2020","journal":"Journal of food biochemistry","pmid":"32266991","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1111/jfbc.13226","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32266991/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32266991/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jfbc.13226","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"in_vitro","speciesRaw":"in vitro","design":"other (in vitro digestion and Caco-2)","n":null,"formsStudiedRaw":"Collagen hydrolysate-derived oligopeptides GPR, GPRG, GPRGP (silver carp skin)","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: partial","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"Furthermore, this study investigated the bioavailability of these three bioactive peptides by the Caco-2 cells model in vitro.","source":"fulltext","location":"Conclusions p.12","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-32520033","title":"Novel Hyp-Gly-containing antiplatelet peptides from collagen hydrolysate after simulated gastrointestinal digestion and intestinal absorption.","year":"2020","journal":"Food & function","pmid":"32520033","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.1039/d0fo00219d","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32520033/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32520033/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d0fo00219d","pmcUrl":null,"pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: no","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"in_vitro","speciesRaw":"in vitro","design":"other (in vitro digestion/Caco-2; rat single-dose absorption)","n":null,"formsStudiedRaw":"Collagen hydrolysate (silver carp skin) and Hyp-Gly-containing peptides OG, OGE, PGEOG, VGPOGPA","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: partial","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"OG and OGE were found to be present in blood after CH ingestion.","source":"fulltext","location":"Conclusion p.10","truncated":false},{"metric":"Apparent absorption","text":"The transport percentages of OG, OGE, PGEOG and VGPOGPA were 22.63% ± 5.19, 11.15% ± 0.52, 18.34% ± 1.20 and 13.14% ± 2.44, respectively.","source":"fulltext","location":"Results 3.2 p.8","truncated":false}]},{"id":"pmid-32806694","title":"Characterization of Whey-Based Fermented Beverages Supplemented with Hydrolyzed Collagen: Antioxidant Activity and Bioavailability.","year":"2020","journal":"Foods (Basel, Switzerland)","pmid":"32806694","pmcid":null,"doi":"10.3390/foods9081106","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32806694/","pubmedUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32806694/","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9081106","pmcUrl":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7465771/","pdfLink":null,"openAccess":"open access: yes","textUsed":"full text (PDF extraction)","species":"in_vitro","speciesRaw":"in vitro","design":"other (in vitro digestion/dialysis)","n":null,"formsStudiedRaw":"Hydrolysed collagen (about 5.6 kDa) in fermented whey beverage","formTags":["hydrolyzed"],"food":false,"timing":false,"relevance":"full-text extraction: partial","verification":"values extracted verbatim from the full-text PDF (bundle 2, 2026-11-02); reviewer check pending","quotes":[{"metric":"Authors' conclusion","text":"Additionally, the in vitro bioavailability of ...","source":"fulltext","location":"Conclusions p.10","truncated":false},{"metric":"Fractional absorption","text":"Beverages with a 0.3% addition of HC showed the lowest rate of absorption at 1.22 ± 0.15%.","source":"fulltext","location":"Results 3.8 p.9","truncated":false},{"metric":"Fractional absorption","text":"the rate of absorption showed the same behavior up to 58.95 ± 2.72% for the 1.0% treatment","source":"fulltext","location":"Results 3.8 p.9","truncated":false},{"metric":"Comparison","text":"All the treatments resulted with significant differences (p ≤ 0.05).","source":"fulltext","location":"Results 3.8 p.9","truncated":false}]}],"sections":{"forms":{"studyIds":["pmid-41788055","pmid-42609988","pmid-42715523","pmid-38984642","pmid-38007183","pmid-39259166","pmid-37074675","pmid-34461513","pmid-35662250","pmid-31872275","pmid-30784272","pmid-31159319","pmid-28244315","pmid-26934933","pmid-24767063","pmid-25417748","pmid-18707117","pmid-40517554","pmid-41298488","pmid-38051020","pmid-38411396","pmid-34448624","pmid-30739561","pmid-29467346","pmid-28988478","pmid-26978646","pmid-27573716","pmid-25410396","pmid-26155906","pmid-19957932","pmid-41227525","pmid-35990359","pmid-42233495","pmid-40597548","pmid-39203724","pmid-36475394","pmid-31927882","pmid-32266991","pmid-32520033","pmid-32806694"],"evidence":{"grade":"B","basis":"mixed","rationale":"12 human randomized/crossover studies; A-eligible only once the reviewer confirms they agree (capped at B until then). Auto-computed draft grade — pending reviewer review.","counts":{"human":17,"rodent":13,"other_animal":2,"in_vitro":8}}},"with-food":{"studyIds":["pmid-42715523","pmid-30739561","pmid-26155906","pmid-41227525"],"evidence":{"grade":"C","basis":"mixed","rationale":"Only one non-randomized human study. Auto-computed draft grade — pending reviewer review.","counts":{"human":1,"rodent":2,"other_animal":1}}},"best-time":{"studyIds":[],"evidence":{"grade":null,"basis":"no_data","rationale":"No relevant studies in the database for this question.","counts":{}}},"overall":{"studyIds":["pmid-41788055","pmid-42609988","pmid-42715523","pmid-38984642","pmid-38007183","pmid-39259166","pmid-37074675","pmid-34461513","pmid-35662250","pmid-31872275","pmid-30784272","pmid-31159319","pmid-28244315","pmid-26934933","pmid-24767063","pmid-25417748","pmid-18707117","pmid-40517554","pmid-41298488","pmid-38051020","pmid-38411396","pmid-34448624","pmid-30739561","pmid-29467346","pmid-28988478","pmid-26978646","pmid-27573716","pmid-25410396","pmid-25826015","pmid-26155906","pmid-19957932","pmid-19661700","pmid-41227525","pmid-35990359","pmid-42233495","pmid-40597548","pmid-39203724","pmid-36475394","pmid-31927882","pmid-32266991","pmid-32520033","pmid-32806694"],"evidence":{"grade":"B","basis":"mixed","rationale":"12 human randomized/crossover studies; A-eligible only once the reviewer confirms they agree (capped at B until then). Auto-computed draft grade — pending reviewer review.","counts":{"human":17,"rodent":15,"other_animal":2,"in_vitro":8}}}},"builtAt":"2026-11-02","anchors":[{"id":"summary","name":"Summary"},{"id":"forms","name":"Forms compared"},{"id":"tripeptide-vs-hydrolyzed","name":"Collagen tripeptide (high-tripeptide) vs Hydrolyzed collagen / collagen peptides"},{"id":"hydrolyzed-vs-undenatured","name":"Hydrolyzed collagen / collagen peptides vs Undenatured / non-hydrolyzed collagen"},{"id":"with-food","name":"With or without food"},{"id":"best-time","name":"Best time to take"},{"id":"calculator","name":"Cost per mg absorbed calculator"},{"id":"faq","name":"FAQ"},{"id":"evidence","name":"Evidence grades"},{"id":"studies","name":"Studies"},{"id":"review","name":"Review"}],"faq":[{"q":"Is Collagen collagen tripeptide (high-tripeptide) better absorbed than hydrolyzed collagen / collagen peptides?","anchor":"tripeptide-vs-hydrolyzed","a":"Collagen tripeptide (high-tripeptide) vs hydrolyzed collagen / collagen peptides: matched single-form studies only (grade C, draft)."},{"q":"Is Collagen hydrolyzed collagen / collagen peptides better absorbed than undenatured / non-hydrolyzed collagen?","anchor":"hydrolyzed-vs-undenatured","a":"Hydrolyzed collagen / collagen peptides measured higher than undenatured / non-hydrolyzed collagen in 1 human head-to-head study we have (grade B, draft)."},{"q":"Should Collagen be taken with food?","anchor":"with-food","a":"We have 4 relevant studies in our database that mention food or fasting."},{"q":"When is the best time to take Collagen?","anchor":"best-time","a":"We have no relevant studies in our database that mention timing."},{"q":"Is this dosing advice?","anchor":"calculator","a":"No. We summarize published absorption research and compare prices. Talk to a clinician about what's right for you."}],"evidence_grade":"B","evidence_grade_status":"draft — pending reviewer (rubric v2)","form_grades":{"hydrolyzed":{"label":"Hydrolyzed collagen / collagen peptides","grade":"B","basis":"8 human studies, total n=50, 5 randomized/crossover; median CV 67.3% across 3 matched set(s) (consistent)","studies":8,"total_n":50,"randomized":5,"median_cv":67.3,"cv_sets":[{"set":"Cmax / free hyp / serum/plasma / fasted / single /  / nmol/ml","studies":["24767063","34461513"],"cv":67.3},{"set":"Cmax / gly-3hyp-4hyp / mouse plasma / fed / single /  / nmol/ml","studies":["35662250","42715523"],"cv":133.7},{"set":"Tmax / gly-3hyp-4hyp / mouse plasma / fed / single /  / h","studies":["35662250","42715523"],"cv":32.6}],"pmids":["24767063","25417748","30784272","34461513","35662250","41788055","42609988","42715523"]},"tripeptide":{"label":"Collagen tripeptide (high-tripeptide)","grade":"B","basis":"3 human studies, total n=24, 3 randomized/crossover; median CV 32.6% across 3 matched set(s) (consistent)","studies":3,"total_n":24,"randomized":3,"median_cv":32.6,"cv_sets":[{"set":"Tmax / gly-pro / serum/plasma / fasted / single /  / min","studies":["26934933","28244315"],"cv":117.2},{"set":"Tmax / gly-pro-hyp / serum/plasma / fasted / single /  / min","studies":["26934933","28244315"],"cv":32.6},{"set":"Tmax / pro-hyp / serum/plasma / fasted / single /  / min","studies":["26934933","28244315"],"cv":32.6}],"pmids":["26934933","28244315","37074675"]},"undenatured":{"label":"Undenatured / non-hydrolyzed collagen","grade":"C","basis":"2 human studies, total n=16, 2 randomized/crossover; consistency not evaluable (no matched set with ≥2 studies)","studies":2,"total_n":16,"randomized":2,"median_cv":null,"cv_sets":[],"pmids":["37074675","41788055"]}},"measured_pk":{"slug":"collagen","name":"Collagen","source":"PDF full-text extraction bundle 2 (1,666 papers), merged 2026-11-02","gradeStatus":"draft — pending reviewer (Dr. Colin Reily)","counts":{"papers":60,"withData":42,"rejected":18,"species":{"human":17,"rodent":15,"in_vitro":8,"other_animal":2},"pkValues":978},"forms":[{"slug":"hydrolyzed","label":"Hydrolyzed collagen / collagen peptides","n_studies":22,"species":{"human":12,"rodent":5,"in_vitro":3,"other_animal":2},"n_values":518,"pmids":["24767063","25417748","26978646","27573716","30739561","30784272","31159319","32520033","32806694","34461513","35662250","35990359","38007183","38411396","38984642","39259166","40597548","41227525","41298488","41788055","42609988","42715523"]},{"slug":"tripeptide","label":"Collagen tripeptide (high-tripeptide)","n_studies":5,"species":{"human":3,"rodent":2},"n_values":299,"pmids":["26155906","26934933","27573716","28244315","37074675"]},{"slug":"undenatured","label":"Undenatured / non-hydrolyzed collagen","n_studies":2,"species":{"human":2},"n_values":18,"pmids":["37074675","41788055"]}],"pairs":[{"grade":null,"basis":"no direct comparison in extracted data","tally":{},"anchor":"tripeptide-vs-hydrolyzed","a":"tripeptide","b":"hydrolyzed","aLabel":"Collagen tripeptide (high-tripeptide)","bLabel":"Hydrolyzed collagen / collagen peptides","status":"draft — pending reviewer (Dr. Colin Reily)","rows":[],"old_grade":null,"grade_v2":"C","grade_v2_basis":"matched single-form evidence only. H2H: none (no direct comparison in extracted data); indirect: C (1 separated matched set(s), ≥1 studies per form, baseline correction not reported)","indirect_grade":"C"},{"grade":"B","basis":"1 human studies (1 randomized/crossover); majority: first form higher (1 agree, 0 contradict)","majority":"A_better","tally":{"A_better":1},"pmids":["41788055"],"anchor":"hydrolyzed-vs-undenatured","a":"hydrolyzed","b":"undenatured","aLabel":"Hydrolyzed collagen / collagen peptides","bLabel":"Undenatured / non-hydrolyzed collagen","status":"draft — pending reviewer (Dr. Colin Reily)","rows":[{"pair":"hydrolyzed-vs-undenatured","pmid":"41788055","species":"human","design":"randomized crossover","n":"8 (Study 1); 114 randomised (Study 2)","title":"Low-Molecular-Weight Collagen Peptide Supplementation Improves Cellulite Severity, Skin Elasticity, and Hair Shaft Diameter: A Clinical Study with Pharmacokinetic Evaluation.","journal":"Journal of medicinal food","year":"2026","comparison":"A (LMWCP) vs B (general collagen), GPH Cmax and AUC","parameter":"AUC","direction_text":"LMWCP > general collagen (Cmax, AUC0–2h, AUC0–∞)","significant":"yes","p_value":"<.0001","direction_DERIVED":"A_better","location":"Results p.4; Table 1","quote":"approximately 55-fold (P < .0001) and 54-fold (P < .0001) higher, respectively, than those observed after general collagen ingestion"}],"old_grade":"B","grade_v2":"B","grade_v2_basis":"head-to-head only; no matched single-form separation. H2H: B (1 human studies (1 randomized/crossover); majority: first form higher (1 agree, 0 contradict)); indirect: none","indirect_grade":null}],"pk":[{"pmid":"18707117","species":"human","arm":"","form":"10 g CH powder dissolved in 100 mL water","forms":[],"dose":"10 g collagen hydrolysate","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted","n":"15","analyte":"sum of 4 collagen-specific AAs (Gly+Pro+Hyp+Hyl)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-8h","value":"6689.8","variance":"± 216.9 (SEM)","units":"mmol h/L","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Units as printed in Table 3; Fig. 2 caption states µmol h/L and µmol/L"},{"pmid":"18707117","species":"human","arm":"","form":"10 g CH in 100 mL FMP (Danone (fermented milk product))","forms":[],"dose":"10 g collagen hydrolysate","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted","n":"15","analyte":"sum of 4 collagen-specific AAs (Gly+Pro+Hyp+Hyl)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-8h","value":"7150.4","variance":"± 285.8 (SEM)","units":"mmol h/L","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Units as printed in Table 3; Fig. 2 caption states µmol h/L and µmol/L"},{"pmid":"18707117","species":"human","arm":"","form":"10 g CH powder dissolved in 100 mL water","forms":[],"dose":"10 g collagen hydrolysate","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted","n":"15","analyte":"sum of 4 collagen-specific AAs (Gly+Pro+Hyp+Hyl)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"865.6","variance":"± 25.1 (SEM)","units":"mmol/L","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Units as printed in Table 3; Fig. 2 caption states µmol h/L and µmol/L"},{"pmid":"18707117","species":"human","arm":"","form":"10 g CH in 100 mL FMP (Danone (fermented milk product))","forms":[],"dose":"10 g collagen hydrolysate","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted","n":"15","analyte":"sum of 4 collagen-specific AAs (Gly+Pro+Hyp+Hyl)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"1000.2","variance":"± 52.8 (SEM)","units":"mmol/L","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Units as printed in Table 3; Fig. 2 caption states µmol h/L and µmol/L"},{"pmid":"18707117","species":"human","arm":"","form":"10 g CH powder dissolved in 100 mL water","forms":[],"dose":"10 g collagen hydrolysate","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted","n":"15","analyte":"glycine","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-8h","value":"3861.7","variance":"± 175.6 (SEM)","units":"µU h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Units as printed in Table 3 (µU, apparently misprint; amino acid concentrations elsewhere in µmol/L)"},{"pmid":"18707117","species":"human","arm":"","form":"10 g CH in 100 mL FMP (Danone (fermented milk product))","forms":[],"dose":"10 g collagen hydrolysate","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted","n":"15","analyte":"glycine","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-8h","value":"3998.0","variance":"± 175.6 (SEM)","units":"µU h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Units as printed in Table 3 (µU, apparently misprint; amino acid concentrations elsewhere in µmol/L)"},{"pmid":"18707117","species":"human","arm":"","form":"10 g CH powder dissolved in 100 mL water","forms":[],"dose":"10 g collagen hydrolysate","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted","n":"15","analyte":"glycine","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"511.6","variance":"± 19.8 (SEM)","units":"µU/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Units as printed in Table 3 (µU, apparently misprint; amino acid concentrations elsewhere in µmol/L)"},{"pmid":"18707117","species":"human","arm":"","form":"10 g CH in 100 mL FMP (Danone (fermented milk product))","forms":[],"dose":"10 g collagen hydrolysate","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted","n":"15","analyte":"glycine","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"568.7","variance":"± 30.5 (SEM)","units":"µU/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Units as printed in Table 3 (µU, apparently misprint; amino acid concentrations elsewhere in µmol/L)"},{"pmid":"18707117","species":"human","arm":"","form":"10 g CH powder dissolved in 100 mL water","forms":[],"dose":"10 g collagen hydrolysate","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted","n":"15","analyte":"proline","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-8h","value":"2406.3","variance":"± 107.9 (SEM)","units":"g h/L","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Units as printed in Table 3 (g h/L, g/L); amino acid concentrations elsewhere in µmol/L"},{"pmid":"18707117","species":"human","arm":"","form":"10 g CH in 100 mL FMP (Danone (fermented milk product))","forms":[],"dose":"10 g collagen hydrolysate","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted","n":"15","analyte":"proline","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-8h","value":"2686.2","variance":"± 138.6 (SEM)","units":"g h/L","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Units as printed in Table 3 (g h/L, g/L); amino acid concentrations elsewhere in µmol/L"},{"pmid":"18707117","species":"human","arm":"","form":"10 g CH powder dissolved in 100 mL water","forms":[],"dose":"10 g collagen hydrolysate","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted","n":"15","analyte":"proline","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"300.4","variance":"± 11.9 (SEM)","units":"g/L","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Units as printed in Table 3 (g h/L, g/L); amino acid concentrations elsewhere in µmol/L"},{"pmid":"18707117","species":"human","arm":"","form":"10 g CH in 100 mL FMP (Danone (fermented milk product))","forms":[],"dose":"10 g collagen hydrolysate","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted","n":"15","analyte":"proline","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"359.8","variance":"± 19.9 (SEM)","units":"g/L","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Units as printed in Table 3 (g h/L, g/L); amino acid concentrations elsewhere in µmol/L"},{"pmid":"18707117","species":"human","arm":"","form":"10 g CH powder dissolved in 100 mL water","forms":[],"dose":"10 g collagen hydrolysate","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted","n":"15","analyte":"hydroxyproline","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-8h","value":"395.3","variance":"± 21.2 (SEM)","units":"g h/L","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Units as printed in Table 3 (g h/L, g/L)"},{"pmid":"18707117","species":"human","arm":"","form":"10 g CH in 100 mL FMP (Danone (fermented milk product))","forms":[],"dose":"10 g collagen hydrolysate","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted","n":"15","analyte":"hydroxyproline","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-8h","value":"437.3","variance":"± 32.3 (SEM)","units":"g h/L","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Units as printed in Table 3 (g h/L, g/L)"},{"pmid":"18707117","species":"human","arm":"","form":"10 g CH powder dissolved in 100 mL water","forms":[],"dose":"10 g collagen hydrolysate","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted","n":"15","analyte":"hydroxyproline","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"63.7","variance":"± 4.1 (SEM)","units":"g/L","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Units as printed in Table 3 (g h/L, g/L)"},{"pmid":"18707117","species":"human","arm":"","form":"10 g CH in 100 mL FMP (Danone (fermented milk product))","forms":[],"dose":"10 g collagen hydrolysate","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted","n":"15","analyte":"hydroxyproline","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"76.6","variance":"± 8.0 (SEM)","units":"g/L","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Units as printed in Table 3 (g h/L, g/L)"},{"pmid":"18707117","species":"human","arm":"","form":"10 g CH powder dissolved in 100 mL water","forms":[],"dose":"10 g collagen hydrolysate","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted","n":"15","analyte":"hydroxylysine","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-8h","value":"26.5","variance":"± 1.0 (SEM)","units":"g h/L","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Units as printed in Table 3 (g h/L, g/L)"},{"pmid":"18707117","species":"human","arm":"","form":"10 g CH in 100 mL FMP (Danone (fermented milk product))","forms":[],"dose":"10 g collagen hydrolysate","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted","n":"15","analyte":"hydroxylysine","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-8h","value":"28.9","variance":"± 1.4 (SEM)","units":"g h/L","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Units as printed in Table 3 (g h/L, g/L)"},{"pmid":"18707117","species":"human","arm":"","form":"10 g CH powder dissolved in 100 mL water","forms":[],"dose":"10 g collagen hydrolysate","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted","n":"15","analyte":"hydroxylysine","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"5.7","variance":"± 0.3 (SEM)","units":"g/L","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Units as printed in Table 3 (g h/L, g/L)"},{"pmid":"18707117","species":"human","arm":"","form":"10 g CH in 100 mL FMP (Danone (fermented milk product))","forms":[],"dose":"10 g collagen hydrolysate","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted","n":"15","analyte":"hydroxylysine","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"6.8","variance":"± 0.5 (SEM)","units":"g/L","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Units as printed in Table 3 (g h/L, g/L)"},{"pmid":"18707117","species":"human","arm":"","form":"","forms":[],"dose":"","doseBasis":"","fed":"","n":"","analyte":"blood amino acids","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of peak blood AA concentration (text)","value":"1-1.5","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Discussion p.7793","quote":"the time peak of blood AA concentration only at 1-1.5 h after the ingestion","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Range stated in Discussion; no individual Tmax values printed; Tmax was measured per Methods but not tabulated"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"30.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, individual subject 1","value":"10.95","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Tmax (h) printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 1"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"30.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum level, individual subject 1","value":"1","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 1"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"30.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, individual subject 2","value":"21.25","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Tmax (h) printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 2"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"30.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum level, individual subject 2","value":"1","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 2"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"30.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, individual subject 3","value":"31.07","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Tmax (h) printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 3"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"30.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum level, individual subject 3","value":"1","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 3"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"30.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, individual subject 4","value":"22.89","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Tmax (h) printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 4"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"30.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum level, individual subject 4","value":"1","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 4"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"30.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, average of the four subjects' individual maxima","value":"21.53","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3 (Average row)","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"average of individual subject maxima as printed in Table 3"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"153.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, individual subject 1","value":"34.00","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Tmax (h) printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 1"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"153.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum level, individual subject 1","value":"1","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 1"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"153.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, individual subject 2","value":"49.47","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Tmax (h) printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 2"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"153.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum level, individual subject 2","value":"1","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 2"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"153.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, individual subject 3","value":"74.59","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Tmax (h) printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 3"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"153.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum level, individual subject 3","value":"1","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 3"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"153.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, individual subject 4","value":"68.43","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Tmax (h) printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 4"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"153.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum level, individual subject 4","value":"1","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 4"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"153.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, average of the four subjects' individual maxima","value":"56.87","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3 (Average row)","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"average of individual subject maxima as printed in Table 3"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"384.6 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, individual subject 1","value":"102.72","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Tmax (h) printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 1"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"384.6 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum level, individual subject 1","value":"1","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 1"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"384.6 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, individual subject 2","value":"81.06","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Tmax (h) printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 2"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"384.6 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum level, individual subject 2","value":"1","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 2"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"384.6 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, individual subject 3","value":"115.12","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Tmax (h) printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 3"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"384.6 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum level, individual subject 3","value":"2","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 3"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"384.6 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, individual subject 4","value":"87.95","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Tmax (h) printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 4"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"384.6 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum level, individual subject 4","value":"2","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 4"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"384.6 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"free Hyp (food-derived)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, average of the four subjects' individual maxima","value":"96.72","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3 (Average row)","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"average of individual subject maxima as printed in Table 3"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"30.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, individual subject 1","value":"18.45","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Tmax (h) printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 1"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"30.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum level, individual subject 1","value":"2","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 1"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"30.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, individual subject 2","value":"20.29","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Tmax (h) printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 2"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"30.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum level, individual subject 2","value":"0.25","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 2"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"30.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, individual subject 3","value":"8.53","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Tmax (h) printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 3"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"30.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum level, individual subject 3","value":"0.5","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 3"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"30.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, individual subject 4","value":"6.94","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Tmax (h) printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 4"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"30.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum level, individual subject 4","value":"2","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 4"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"30.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, average of the four subjects' individual maxima","value":"13.55","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3 (Average row)","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"average of individual subject maxima as printed in Table 3"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"153.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, individual subject 1","value":"19.85","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Tmax (h) printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 1"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"153.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum level, individual subject 1","value":"1","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 1"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"153.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, individual subject 2","value":"19.91","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Tmax (h) printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 2"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"153.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum level, individual subject 2","value":"2","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 2"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"153.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, individual subject 3","value":"30.42","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Tmax (h) printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 3"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"153.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum level, individual subject 3","value":"1","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 3"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"153.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, individual subject 4","value":"12.45","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Tmax (h) printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 4"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"153.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum level, individual subject 4","value":"1","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 4"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"153.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, average of the four subjects' individual maxima","value":"20.66","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3 (Average row)","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"average of individual subject maxima as printed in Table 3"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"384.6 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, individual subject 1","value":"24.70","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Tmax (h) printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 1"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"384.6 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum level, individual subject 1","value":"2","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 1"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"384.6 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, individual subject 2","value":"54.56","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Tmax (h) printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 2"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"384.6 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum level, individual subject 2","value":"2","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 2"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"384.6 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, individual subject 3","value":"29.07","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Tmax (h) printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 3"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"384.6 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum level, individual subject 3","value":"1","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 3"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"384.6 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, individual subject 4","value":"56.03","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Tmax (h) printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 4"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"384.6 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum level, individual subject 4","value":"1","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"printed in parentheses in Table 3; subject 4"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"384.6 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma level, average of the four subjects' individual maxima","value":"41.09","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3 (Average row)","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"average of individual subject maxima as printed in Table 3"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"30.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum of the average plasma concentration-time curve","value":"6.43","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Abstract; Results 3.1","quote":"reaching maximum levels of 6.43, 20.17 and 32.84 nmol/ml","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"differs from Table 3 Average row (13.55); likely maximum of group mean curve vs mean of individual maxima, not stated by authors"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"153.8 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum of the average plasma concentration-time curve","value":"20.17","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Abstract; Results 3.1","quote":"reaching maximum levels of 6.43, 20.17 and 32.84 nmol/ml","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"differs from Table 3 Average row (20.66); likely maximum of group mean curve vs mean of individual maxima, not stated by authors"},{"pmid":"24767063","species":"human","arm":"","form":"cod (Gadus macrocephalus) skin gelatin enzymatic hydrolysate, mainly 1-5 kDa peptides (Yaizu Suisankagaku Industry (gift))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"384.6 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; dissolved in 100 ml water","n":"4","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptides (total Hyp minus free Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum of the average plasma concentration-time curve","value":"32.84","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Abstract; Results 3.1","quote":"reaching maximum levels of 6.43, 20.17 and 32.84 nmol/ml","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"differs from Table 3 Average row (41.09); likely maximum of group mean curve vs mean of individual maxima, not stated by authors"},{"pmid":"25417748","species":"human","arm":"","form":"fish-scale gelatin hydrolysate (FCP), enzymatic hydrolysis, average MW 3000-5000 Da (FCP (Nippi, Tokyo, Japan))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"25 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"1","analyte":"Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"668","variance":"± 30 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"mean +/- SD of three separate measurements on one subject's samples; CV column as printed"},{"pmid":"25417748","species":"human","arm":"","form":"fish-scale gelatin hydrolysate (FCP), enzymatic hydrolysis, average MW 3000-5000 Da (FCP (Nippi, Tokyo, Japan))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"25 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"1","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"18.3","variance":"± 0.9 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"mean +/- SD of three separate measurements on one subject's samples; CV column as printed"},{"pmid":"25417748","species":"human","arm":"","form":"fish-scale gelatin hydrolysate (FCP), enzymatic hydrolysis, average MW 3000-5000 Da (FCP (Nippi, Tokyo, Japan))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"25 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"1","analyte":"Glu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"17.2","variance":"± 0.8 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"mean +/- SD of three separate measurements on one subject's samples; CV column as printed"},{"pmid":"25417748","species":"human","arm":"","form":"fish-scale gelatin hydrolysate (FCP), enzymatic hydrolysis, average MW 3000-5000 Da (FCP (Nippi, Tokyo, Japan))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"25 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"1","analyte":"Ile-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"3.32","variance":"± 0.23 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"mean +/- SD of three separate measurements on one subject's samples; CV column as printed"},{"pmid":"25417748","species":"human","arm":"","form":"fish-scale gelatin hydrolysate (FCP), enzymatic hydrolysis, average MW 3000-5000 Da (FCP (Nippi, Tokyo, Japan))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"25 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"1","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"9.33","variance":"± 0.09 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"mean +/- SD of three separate measurements on one subject's samples; CV column as printed"},{"pmid":"25417748","species":"human","arm":"","form":"fish-scale gelatin hydrolysate (FCP), enzymatic hydrolysis, average MW 3000-5000 Da (FCP (Nippi, Tokyo, Japan))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"25 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"1","analyte":"Phe-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"8.85","variance":"± 0.56 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"mean +/- SD of three separate measurements on one subject's samples; CV column as printed"},{"pmid":"25417748","species":"human","arm":"","form":"fish-scale gelatin hydrolysate (FCP), enzymatic hydrolysis, average MW 3000-5000 Da (FCP (Nippi, Tokyo, Japan))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"25 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"1","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"163","variance":"± 1 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"mean +/- SD of three separate measurements on one subject's samples; CV column as printed"},{"pmid":"25417748","species":"human","arm":"","form":"fish-scale gelatin hydrolysate (FCP), enzymatic hydrolysis, average MW 3000-5000 Da (FCP (Nippi, Tokyo, Japan))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"25 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"1","analyte":"Ser-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"12.3","variance":"± 0.4 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"mean +/- SD of three separate measurements on one subject's samples; CV column as printed"},{"pmid":"25417748","species":"human","arm":"","form":"fish-scale gelatin hydrolysate (FCP), enzymatic hydrolysis, average MW 3000-5000 Da (FCP (Nippi, Tokyo, Japan))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"25 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"1","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"17.5","variance":"± 0.5 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"mean +/- SD of three separate measurements on one subject's samples; CV column as printed"},{"pmid":"25417748","species":"human","arm":"","form":"fish-scale gelatin hydrolysate (FCP), enzymatic hydrolysis, average MW 3000-5000 Da (FCP (Nippi, Tokyo, Japan))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"25 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"1","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"2.18","variance":"± 0.08 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"mean +/- SD of three separate measurements on one subject's samples; CV column as printed"},{"pmid":"25417748","species":"human","arm":"","form":"fish-scale gelatin hydrolysate (FCP), enzymatic hydrolysis, average MW 3000-5000 Da (FCP (Nippi, Tokyo, Japan))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"25 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"1","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"4.10","variance":"± 0.22 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"mean +/- SD of three separate measurements on one subject's samples; CV column as printed"},{"pmid":"25417748","species":"human","arm":"","form":"fish-scale gelatin hydrolysate (FCP), enzymatic hydrolysis, average MW 3000-5000 Da (FCP (Nippi, Tokyo, Japan))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"25 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"1","analyte":"Glu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"6.86","variance":"± 2.51 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"mean +/- SD of three separate measurements on one subject's samples; CV column as printed; authors say CV near detection limit"},{"pmid":"25417748","species":"human","arm":"","form":"fish-scale gelatin hydrolysate (FCP), enzymatic hydrolysis, average MW 3000-5000 Da (FCP (Nippi, Tokyo, Japan))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"25 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"1","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"0.663","variance":"± 0.022 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"mean +/- SD of three separate measurements on one subject's samples; CV column as printed"},{"pmid":"25417748","species":"human","arm":"","form":"fish-scale gelatin hydrolysate (FCP), enzymatic hydrolysis, average MW 3000-5000 Da (FCP (Nippi, Tokyo, Japan))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"25 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"1","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"6.70","variance":"± 0.37 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"mean +/- SD of three separate measurements on one subject's samples; CV column as printed"},{"pmid":"25417748","species":"human","arm":"","form":"fish-scale gelatin hydrolysate (FCP), enzymatic hydrolysis, average MW 3000-5000 Da (FCP (Nippi, Tokyo, Japan))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"25 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"1","analyte":"free Hyp and peptide-form Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum plasma concentration","value":"1-2","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Results p.12098","quote":"The plasma concentrations reached a maximum at 1−2 h and returned to close to the initial level at 6 h","quoteCheck":"value not in quote","note":"range printed in text; both forms"},{"pmid":"26934933","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide fraction from porcine skin collagen (collagenase-type protease, RP-HPLC tripeptide fraction); tripeptide fraction ratio 91.80%; mean MW 300 Da; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34.00%, Pro-Hyp 0.47%, Gly-Pro 2.00%, Hyp-Gly 0.05% (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"80 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; small rice balls (no animal protein) eaten 65 and 125 min after ingestion; 30 mL water every 30 min","n":"4","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum plasma concentration (text)","value":"30-60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Results p.430","quote":"Gly-Pro-Hyp reached Tmax in 30–60 min (CTP-100 and CTP-50)","quoteCheck":"value not in quote","note":"text gives one range for CTP-100 and CTP-50 combined; arm_id A applies, B shares the same statement"},{"pmid":"26934933","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide preparation, both oligopeptide fractions included; tripeptide fraction 50.66%; mean MW 600 Da; Gly-Pro-Hyp 7.00%, Pro-Hyp 0.17%, Gly-Pro 0.10%, Hyp-Gly 0.03%; also contains (Gly-X-Y)n oligomers (CTP-50 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"80 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; rice balls at 65 and 125 min","n":"4","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum plasma concentration (text)","value":"30-60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Results p.430","quote":"Gly-Pro-Hyp reached Tmax in 30–60 min (CTP-100 and CTP-50)","quoteCheck":"value not in quote","note":"text gives one range for CTP-100 and CTP-50 combined"},{"pmid":"26934933","species":"human","arm":"","form":"general collagen hydrolysate, mean MW 5000 Da; tripeptide fraction 1.59%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 0.00%, Pro-Hyp 0.01%, Gly-Pro 0.06%, Hyp-Gly 0.02% (CP (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"80 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; rice balls at 65 and 125 min","n":"4","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum plasma concentration (text)","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Results p.430","quote":"Gly-Pro-Hyp ... after CP ingestion remained at lower levels: Tmax occurred at 60 min","quoteCheck":"supported","note":""},{"pmid":"26934933","species":"human","arm":"","form":"general collagen hydrolysate, mean MW 5000 Da; tripeptide fraction 1.59%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 0.00%, Pro-Hyp 0.01%, Gly-Pro 0.06%, Hyp-Gly 0.02% (CP (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"80 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; rice balls at 65 and 125 min","n":"4","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum plasma concentration (text)","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Results p.430","quote":"Tmax of Pro-Hyp occurred at 60 min after ingestion","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Pro-Hyp Tmax sentence follows the CP sentence; arm assignment from context, text not explicit for CTP-100/CTP-50"},{"pmid":"26934933","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide fraction from porcine skin collagen (collagenase-type protease, RP-HPLC tripeptide fraction); tripeptide fraction ratio 91.80%; mean MW 300 Da; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34.00%, Pro-Hyp 0.47%, Gly-Pro 2.00%, Hyp-Gly 0.05% (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"80 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h; small rice balls (no animal protein) eaten 65 and 125 min after ingestion; 30 mL water every 30 min","n":"4","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum plasma concentration (text)","value":"240","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Results p.430","quote":"Gly-Pro ... Tmax occurring at the last time point (240 min)","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"CTP-100 only; Gly-Pro remained constant after CTP-50 or CP"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"26.01","variance":"± 11.76 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"2858.72","variance":"± 1412.58 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"21.13","variance":"± 12.07 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Text: ~10-fold Cmax difference vs LTC-col"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"2599.88","variance":"± 1431.78 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"16.84","variance":"± 5.02 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"2696.92","variance":"± 583.28 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"5.7","variance":"± 2.39 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"565.6","variance":"± 217.02 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Ile-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"4.96","variance":"± 2.00 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Ile-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"489.99","variance":"± 195.55 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Ile-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"3.91","variance":"± 2.16 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"408.36","variance":"± 206.31 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Phe-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"2.41","variance":"± 1.01 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Phe-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"243.11","variance":"± 105.83 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Phe-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"2.05","variance":"± 0.91 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"222.68","variance":"± 78.78 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"1.38","variance":"± 0.72 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"171.43","variance":"± 90.41 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"1.01","variance":"± 0.49 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"82.11","variance":"± 29.15 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"30","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Pro-Ser","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.85","variance":"± 0.28 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Pro-Ser","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"63.4","variance":"± 61.46 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Pro-Ser","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.39","variance":"± 0.29 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"25.81","variance":"± 14.778 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"30","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.31","variance":"± 0.19 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"28.5","variance":"± 15.17 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.03","variance":"± 0.02 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"1.25","variance":"± 1.448 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"30","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ser","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.01","variance":"± 0.001 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ser","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"1.56","variance":"± 0.78 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ser","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"30","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Lys","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.01","variance":"± 0.01 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Lys","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"1.86","variance":"± 0.86 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Lys","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"300","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Gln","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.003","variance":"± 0.004 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Gln","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"0.3","variance":"± 0.48 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"High tripeptide collagen hydrolysate HACP-01 (avg MW 1500-1800 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Gln","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"23.98","variance":"± 11.99 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"3302.34","variance":"± 1431.83 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"14.42","variance":"± 4.76 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"2759.08","variance":"± 825.12 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"120","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"6.58","variance":"± 2.54 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"647.97","variance":"± 185.82 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Ile-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"5.96","variance":"± 2.33 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Ile-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"580.97","variance":"± 186.24 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Ile-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"3.8","variance":"± 1.83 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"484.071","variance":"± 184.76 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"2.7","variance":"± 1.18 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"321.14","variance":"± 103.83 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"2.1","variance":"± 5.09 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"323.17","variance":"± 587.83 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Phe-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"1.98","variance":"± 0.77 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Phe-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"203.11","variance":"± 70.50 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Phe-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"1.32","variance":"± 0.52 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"191.44","variance":"± 80.20 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Pro-Ser","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.83","variance":"± 1.31 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Pro-Ser","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"132.42","variance":"± 167.47 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Pro-Ser","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"120","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.8","variance":"± 0.63 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"89.77","variance":"± 64.83 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.31","variance":"± 0.22 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"32.32","variance":"± 25.02 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.21","variance":"± 0.10 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"17.82","variance":"± 9.56 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Lys","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.01","variance":"± 0.02 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Lys","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"1.27","variance":"± 0.96 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Lys","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Gln","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.01","variance":"± 0.007 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Gln","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"1.5","variance":"± 0.93 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Gln","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.002","variance":"± 0.008 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"0.18","variance":"± 0.28 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"30","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ser","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.0009","variance":"± 0.003 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ser","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (time range NR in table; samples 0-300 min)","value":"0.085","variance":"± 0.29 (SD)","units":"min·nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Low tripeptide collagen hydrolysate CPAH-5 (avg MW 4500-5500 Da) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"12","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ser","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"300","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Statistic for tmax not stated in table"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"103.08","variance":"± 8.40 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"2732.22","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"57.84","variance":"± 10.64 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"2828.49","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Phe-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"11.94","variance":"± 1.94 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Phe-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"366.39","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Phe-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"10.85","variance":"± 0.84 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"284.12","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ile-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"10.41","variance":"± 0.97 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ile-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"319.19","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ile-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"4.75","variance":"± 0.24 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"137.11","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"1.93","variance":"± 0.16 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"69.24","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"1.46","variance":"± 0.32 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"75.86","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"1.37","variance":"± 0.21 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"60.69","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.80","variance":"± 0.09 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"47.22","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"45","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.70","variance":"± 0.20 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"32.75","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.42","variance":"± 0.11 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"10.58","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.21","variance":"± 0.05 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"6.08","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Ser","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.03","variance":"± 0.03 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Ser","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"1.31","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Ser","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Lys","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.01","variance":"± 0.00 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Lys","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"0.98","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Lys","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"120","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ser","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.01","variance":"± 0.01 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ser","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"0.74","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ser","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Gln","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.00","variance":"± 0.00 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Gln","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"0.27","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"900 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Gln","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"191.42","variance":"± 30.46 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"7802.11","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"72.73","variance":"± 17.47 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"7790.06","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"26.27","variance":"± 3.85 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"959.36","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ile-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"24.38","variance":"± 3.88 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ile-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"913.14","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ile-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Phe-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"23.39","variance":"± 4.01 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Phe-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"1132.78","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Phe-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"15.15","variance":"± 1.52 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"521.49","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"5.28","variance":"± 0.34 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"206.72","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"3.72","variance":"± 0.74 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"250.12","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"45","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"2.38","variance":"± 0.49 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"182.51","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"45","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"1.63","variance":"± 0.25 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"187.66","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"45","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"1.58","variance":"± 0.18 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"94.94","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"45","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"1.25","variance":"± 0.24 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"27.32","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"1.08","variance":"± 0.19 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"20.51","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Ser","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.07","variance":"± 0.04 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Ser","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"3.74","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Ser","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"30","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ser","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.03","variance":"± 0.01 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ser","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"1.10","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ser","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Lys","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.06","variance":"± 0.01 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Lys","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"1.10","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Lys","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Gln","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.01","variance":"± 0.00 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: values are mean ± SE; units printed nmol/mL for skin as well"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Gln","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (0-360 min sampling in Study 1)","value":"0.30","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given; units printed nmol·min/g (also for plasma)"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"HTC-col (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"1800 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 16 h","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Gln","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Synthetic Gly-Pro-Hyp (Bachem) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"0.2 mmol/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"14.78","variance":"± 2.00 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: mean ± SE"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Synthetic Gly-Pro-Hyp (Bachem) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"0.2 mmol/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"","value":"431.59","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Synthetic Gly-Pro-Hyp (Bachem) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"0.2 mmol/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"18.35","variance":"± 4.33 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: mean ± SE"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Synthetic Gly-Pro-Hyp (Bachem) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"0.2 mmol/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"","value":"796.03","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Synthetic Pro-Hyp (Bachem) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"0.2 mmol/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.23","variance":"± 0.05 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: mean ± SE"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Synthetic Pro-Hyp (Bachem) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"0.2 mmol/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"","value":"1.09","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Synthetic Pro-Hyp (Bachem) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"0.2 mmol/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"32.75","variance":"± 4.30 (SEM)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table footnote: mean ± SE"},{"pmid":"28244315","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Synthetic Pro-Hyp (Bachem) (HACP-01 / CPAH-5 (Jellice) where applicable)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"0.2 mmol/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"","value":"794.02","variance":"","units":"nmol·min/g","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Variance not given"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Skinned, deboned blue shark tail meat (part D), simmered with seasonings","forms":[],"dose":"200 g meat (200.1 ± 7.0 g per Results)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC after cooked shark tail meat","value":"1415.4","variance":"± 203.2 (SEM)","units":"μmol/h/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Unit printed 'μmol/h/L'; table footnote: mean ± SE (n = 6)"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Fish scale collagen hydrolysate (Ixos gel HDL-50SP, Nitta Gelatin) (Ixos gel HDL-50SP)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"13.5 g collagen hydrolysate in 100 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC after collagen hydrolysate","value":"4743.0","variance":"± 701.8 (SEM)","units":"μmol/h/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Unit printed 'μmol/h/L'; table footnote: mean ± SE (n = 6)"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Skinned, deboned blue shark tail meat (part D), simmered with seasonings","forms":[],"dose":"200 g meat (200.1 ± 7.0 g per Results)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC after cooked shark tail meat","value":"482.9","variance":"± 142.7 (SEM)","units":"μmol/h/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Unit printed 'μmol/h/L'; table footnote: mean ± SE (n = 6)"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Fish scale collagen hydrolysate (Ixos gel HDL-50SP, Nitta Gelatin) (Ixos gel HDL-50SP)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"13.5 g collagen hydrolysate in 100 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC after collagen hydrolysate","value":"554.1","variance":"± 135.6 (SEM)","units":"μmol/h/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Unit printed 'μmol/h/L'; table footnote: mean ± SE (n = 6)"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Skinned, deboned blue shark tail meat (part D), simmered with seasonings","forms":[],"dose":"200 g meat (200.1 ± 7.0 g per Results)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC after cooked shark tail meat","value":"77.6","variance":"± 11.4 (SEM)","units":"μmol/h/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Unit printed 'μmol/h/L'; table footnote: mean ± SE (n = 6)"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Fish scale collagen hydrolysate (Ixos gel HDL-50SP, Nitta Gelatin) (Ixos gel HDL-50SP)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"13.5 g collagen hydrolysate in 100 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC after collagen hydrolysate","value":"297.6","variance":"± 47.2 (SEM)","units":"μmol/h/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Unit printed 'μmol/h/L'; table footnote: mean ± SE (n = 6)"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Skinned, deboned blue shark tail meat (part D), simmered with seasonings","forms":[],"dose":"200 g meat (200.1 ± 7.0 g per Results)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC after cooked shark tail meat","value":"82.1","variance":"± 21.7 (SEM)","units":"μmol/h/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Unit printed 'μmol/h/L'; table footnote: mean ± SE (n = 6)"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Fish scale collagen hydrolysate (Ixos gel HDL-50SP, Nitta Gelatin) (Ixos gel HDL-50SP)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"13.5 g collagen hydrolysate in 100 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC after collagen hydrolysate","value":"281.5","variance":"± 75.1 (SEM)","units":"μmol/h/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Unit printed 'μmol/h/L'; table footnote: mean ± SE (n = 6)"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Skinned, deboned blue shark tail meat (part D), simmered with seasonings","forms":[],"dose":"200 g meat (200.1 ± 7.0 g per Results)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC after cooked shark tail meat","value":"92.5","variance":"± 35.9 (SEM)","units":"μmol/h/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Unit printed 'μmol/h/L'; table footnote: mean ± SE (n = 6)"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Fish scale collagen hydrolysate (Ixos gel HDL-50SP, Nitta Gelatin) (Ixos gel HDL-50SP)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"13.5 g collagen hydrolysate in 100 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC after collagen hydrolysate","value":"183.0","variance":"± 73.6 (SEM)","units":"μmol/h/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Unit printed 'μmol/h/L'; table footnote: mean ± SE (n = 6)"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Skinned, deboned blue shark tail meat (part D), simmered with seasonings","forms":[],"dose":"200 g meat (200.1 ± 7.0 g per Results)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC after cooked shark tail meat","value":"65.9","variance":"± 5.5 (SEM)","units":"μmol/h/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Unit printed 'μmol/h/L'; table footnote: mean ± SE (n = 6)"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Fish scale collagen hydrolysate (Ixos gel HDL-50SP, Nitta Gelatin) (Ixos gel HDL-50SP)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"13.5 g collagen hydrolysate in 100 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC after collagen hydrolysate","value":"171.4","variance":"± 23.4 (SEM)","units":"μmol/h/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Unit printed 'μmol/h/L'; table footnote: mean ± SE (n = 6)"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Skinned, deboned blue shark tail meat (part D), simmered with seasonings","forms":[],"dose":"200 g meat (200.1 ± 7.0 g per Results)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Phe-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC after cooked shark tail meat","value":"40.7","variance":"± 7.0 (SEM)","units":"μmol/h/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Unit printed 'μmol/h/L'; table footnote: mean ± SE (n = 6)"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Fish scale collagen hydrolysate (Ixos gel HDL-50SP, Nitta Gelatin) (Ixos gel HDL-50SP)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"13.5 g collagen hydrolysate in 100 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Phe-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC after collagen hydrolysate","value":"145.2","variance":"± 25.4 (SEM)","units":"μmol/h/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Unit printed 'μmol/h/L'; table footnote: mean ± SE (n = 6)"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Skinned, deboned blue shark tail meat (part D), simmered with seasonings","forms":[],"dose":"200 g meat (200.1 ± 7.0 g per Results)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC after cooked shark tail meat","value":"22.6","variance":"± 4.5 (SEM)","units":"μmol/h/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Unit printed 'μmol/h/L'; table footnote: mean ± SE (n = 6)"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Fish scale collagen hydrolysate (Ixos gel HDL-50SP, Nitta Gelatin) (Ixos gel HDL-50SP)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"13.5 g collagen hydrolysate in 100 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC after collagen hydrolysate","value":"134.2","variance":"± 16.4 (SEM)","units":"μmol/h/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Unit printed 'μmol/h/L'; table footnote: mean ± SE (n = 6)"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Skinned, deboned blue shark tail meat (part D), simmered with seasonings","forms":[],"dose":"200 g meat (200.1 ± 7.0 g per Results)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Ile-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC after cooked shark tail meat","value":"24.5","variance":"± 6.2 (SEM)","units":"μmol/h/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Unit printed 'μmol/h/L'; table footnote: mean ± SE (n = 6)"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Fish scale collagen hydrolysate (Ixos gel HDL-50SP, Nitta Gelatin) (Ixos gel HDL-50SP)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"13.5 g collagen hydrolysate in 100 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Ile-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC after collagen hydrolysate","value":"35.6","variance":"± 6.5 (SEM)","units":"μmol/h/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Unit printed 'μmol/h/L'; table footnote: mean ± SE (n = 6)"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Skinned, deboned blue shark tail meat (part D), simmered with seasonings","forms":[],"dose":"200 g meat (200.1 ± 7.0 g per Results)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Free Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC after cooked shark tail meat","value":"11390","variance":"± 1720 (SEM)","units":"μmol/h/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Unit printed 'μmol/h/L'; table footnote: mean ± SE (n = 6)"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Fish scale collagen hydrolysate (Ixos gel HDL-50SP, Nitta Gelatin) (Ixos gel HDL-50SP)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"13.5 g collagen hydrolysate in 100 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Free Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC after collagen hydrolysate","value":"18774","variance":"± 1927 (SEM)","units":"μmol/h/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Unit printed 'μmol/h/L'; table footnote: mean ± SE (n = 6)"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Skinned, deboned blue shark tail meat (part D), simmered with seasonings","forms":[],"dose":"200 g meat (200.1 ± 7.0 g per Results)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptide","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC after cooked shark tail meat","value":"3571","variance":"± 2298 (SEM)","units":"μmol/h/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Unit printed 'μmol/h/L'; table footnote: mean ± SE (n = 6)"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Fish scale collagen hydrolysate (Ixos gel HDL-50SP, Nitta Gelatin) (Ixos gel HDL-50SP)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"13.5 g collagen hydrolysate in 100 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptide","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC after collagen hydrolysate","value":"13012","variance":"± 3599 (SEM)","units":"μmol/h/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Unit printed 'μmol/h/L'; table footnote: mean ± SE (n = 6)"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Skinned, deboned blue shark tail meat (part D), simmered with seasonings","forms":[],"dose":"200 g meat (200.1 ± 7.0 g per Results)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Free Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"approx. maximum level at 60 min","value":"~45","variance":"","units":"μM","location":"Results p.5","quote":"both the free Hyp and Hyp-containing peptide reached maximum levels of ∼45 and 14 μM in plasma, respectively, at 60 min","quoteCheck":"value not in quote","note":"Approximate value printed with ∼; read from text"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Skinned, deboned blue shark tail meat (part D), simmered with seasonings","forms":[],"dose":"200 g meat (200.1 ± 7.0 g per Results)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptide","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"approx. maximum level at 60 min","value":"~14","variance":"","units":"μM","location":"Results p.5","quote":"reached maximum levels of ∼45 and 14 μM in plasma, respectively, at 60 min","quoteCheck":"value not in quote","note":"Approximate"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Fish scale collagen hydrolysate (Ixos gel HDL-50SP, Nitta Gelatin) (Ixos gel HDL-50SP)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"13.5 g collagen hydrolysate in 100 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Free Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"approx. maximum level","value":"~90","variance":"","units":"μM","location":"Results p.5","quote":"approximately one-half and one-fifth of the levels observed after ingestion of 13.5 g of collagen hydrolysate (∼90 and 70 μM, respectively)","quoteCheck":"value not in quote","note":"Approximate"},{"pmid":"30784272","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Fish scale collagen hydrolysate (Ixos gel HDL-50SP, Nitta Gelatin) (Ixos gel HDL-50SP)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"13.5 g collagen hydrolysate in 100 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp-containing peptide","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"approx. maximum level","value":"~70","variance":"","units":"μM","location":"Results p.5","quote":"(∼90 and 70 μM, respectively)","quoteCheck":"value not in quote","note":"Approximate"},{"pmid":"31159319","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Hydrolysed collagen B2000 (bovine) (Rousselot)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"2 g/kg body weight","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"NR","n":"3","analyte":"hydroxyproline","matrix":"mouse serum","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"absorption peak window","value":"between 30 min and 60 min","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Results 3.3, p.7","quote":"reaching the absorption peak between 30 min and 60 min after ingestion","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Peak time stated by authors from Fig. 2A; no point value printed."},{"pmid":"31159319","species":"human","arm":"","form":"","forms":[],"dose":"","doseBasis":"","fed":"","n":"","analyte":"total serum protein","matrix":"human serum","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"absorption peak after HC ingestion","value":"1 h","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Results 3.4, p.9","quote":"the protein concentration rapidly increased in the blood reaching the absorption peak at 1 h after ingestion","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Stated for the HC types collectively (and casein), based on Fig. 3A; n = 10 per HC type per Results text, n = 3 per matrix per Methods."},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Tilapia skin-derived gelatin (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":[],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"free Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax (free Hyp)","value":"94.4","variance":"± 16.4 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Results 3.2 p.4","quote":"maximum concentrations of 94.4 ± 16.4, 150.9 ± 15.3, and 169.1 ± 32.5 nmol/mL, respectively","quoteCheck":"supported","note":""},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Basa fish skin-derived gelatin hydrolysate (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"free Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax (free Hyp)","value":"150.9","variance":"± 15.3 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Results 3.2 p.4","quote":"maximum concentrations of 94.4 ± 16.4, 150.9 ± 15.3, and 169.1 ± 32.5 nmol/mL, respectively","quoteCheck":"supported","note":""},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Tilapia skin-derived LMW gelatin hydrolysate (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"free Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax (free Hyp)","value":"169.1","variance":"± 32.5 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Results 3.2 p.4","quote":"maximum concentrations of 94.4 ± 16.4, 150.9 ± 15.3, and 169.1 ± 32.5 nmol/mL, respectively","quoteCheck":"supported","note":""},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Tilapia skin-derived gelatin (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":[],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"free Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax (free Hyp)","value":"1.4","variance":"± 0.5 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 2; Results 3.2 p.4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 footnote states n = 3, whereas text/figures state n = 9."},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Basa fish skin-derived gelatin hydrolysate (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"free Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax (free Hyp)","value":"1.1","variance":"± 0.3 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 2; Results 3.2 p.4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 footnote states n = 3, whereas text/figures state n = 9."},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Tilapia skin-derived LMW gelatin hydrolysate (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"free Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax (free Hyp)","value":"1.2","variance":"± 0.4 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 2; Results 3.2 p.4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 footnote states n = 3, whereas text/figures state n = 9."},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Tilapia skin-derived gelatin (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":[],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"free Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (sampling 0-4 h; AUC window not stated)","value":"315.6","variance":"± 44.5 (SD)","units":"h·nmol/mL","location":"Results 3.2 p.4; Fig. 3B","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Basa fish skin-derived gelatin hydrolysate (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"free Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (sampling 0-4 h; AUC window not stated)","value":"463.6","variance":"± 49.0 (SD)","units":"h·nmol/mL","location":"Results 3.2 p.4; Fig. 3B","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Tilapia skin-derived LMW gelatin hydrolysate (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"free Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (sampling 0-4 h; AUC window not stated)","value":"503.5","variance":"± 71.4 (SD)","units":"h·nmol/mL","location":"Results 3.2 p.4; Fig. 3B","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Tilapia skin-derived gelatin (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":[],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax (Pro-Hyp)","value":"15.5","variance":"± 3.0 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Results 3.3 p.4","quote":"15.5 ± 3.0 after ingestion of gelatin, ... 21.1 ± 5.9 and 22.9 ± 9.9 nmol/mL after ingestion of GH and LMW-GH","quoteCheck":"supported","note":""},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Basa fish skin-derived gelatin hydrolysate (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax (Pro-Hyp)","value":"21.1","variance":"± 5.9 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Results 3.3 p.4","quote":"15.5 ± 3.0 after ingestion of gelatin, ... 21.1 ± 5.9 and 22.9 ± 9.9 nmol/mL after ingestion of GH and LMW-GH","quoteCheck":"supported","note":""},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Tilapia skin-derived LMW gelatin hydrolysate (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax (Pro-Hyp)","value":"22.9","variance":"± 9.9 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Results 3.3 p.4","quote":"15.5 ± 3.0 after ingestion of gelatin, ... 21.1 ± 5.9 and 22.9 ± 9.9 nmol/mL after ingestion of GH and LMW-GH","quoteCheck":"supported","note":""},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Tilapia skin-derived gelatin (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":[],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax (Pro-Hyp)","value":"1.7","variance":"± 0.5 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 2; Results 3.3 p.4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 footnote states n = 3, whereas text/figures state n = 9."},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Basa fish skin-derived gelatin hydrolysate (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax (Pro-Hyp)","value":"1.1","variance":"± 0.3 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 2; Results 3.3 p.4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 footnote states n = 3, whereas text/figures state n = 9."},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Tilapia skin-derived LMW gelatin hydrolysate (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax (Pro-Hyp)","value":"1.3","variance":"± 0.5 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 2; Results 3.3 p.4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 footnote states n = 3, whereas text/figures state n = 9."},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Tilapia skin-derived gelatin (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":[],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (sampling 0-4 h; AUC window not stated)","value":"41.8","variance":"± 7.2 (SD)","units":"h·nmol/mL","location":"Results 3.3 p.4; Fig. 4a","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Basa fish skin-derived gelatin hydrolysate (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (sampling 0-4 h; AUC window not stated)","value":"50.4","variance":"± 10.0 (SD)","units":"h·nmol/mL","location":"Results 3.3 p.4; Fig. 4a","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Tilapia skin-derived LMW gelatin hydrolysate (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (sampling 0-4 h; AUC window not stated)","value":"60.6","variance":"± 6.9 (SD)","units":"h·nmol/mL","location":"Results 3.3 p.4; Fig. 4a","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Tilapia skin-derived gelatin (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":[],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax (Hyp-Gly)","value":"2.3","variance":"± 0.5 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Results 3.3 p.4-5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Printed Cmax values for GH (8.7) and LMW-GH (10.0) vs gelatin (2.3) appear inconsistent with the stated absence of significant difference in Hyp-Gly Cmax/AUC (Abstract, Discussion) and with AUC values; recorded as printed."},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Basa fish skin-derived gelatin hydrolysate (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax (Hyp-Gly)","value":"8.7","variance":"± 2.5 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Results 3.3 p.4-5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Printed Cmax values for GH (8.7) and LMW-GH (10.0) vs gelatin (2.3) appear inconsistent with the stated absence of significant difference in Hyp-Gly Cmax/AUC (Abstract, Discussion) and with AUC values; recorded as printed."},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Tilapia skin-derived LMW gelatin hydrolysate (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax (Hyp-Gly)","value":"10.0","variance":"± 6.6 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Results 3.3 p.4-5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Printed Cmax values for GH (8.7) and LMW-GH (10.0) vs gelatin (2.3) appear inconsistent with the stated absence of significant difference in Hyp-Gly Cmax/AUC (Abstract, Discussion) and with AUC values; recorded as printed."},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Tilapia skin-derived gelatin (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":[],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax (Hyp-Gly)","value":"1.1","variance":"± 0.3 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 2; Results 3.3 p.5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 footnote states n = 3, whereas text/figures state n = 9."},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Basa fish skin-derived gelatin hydrolysate (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax (Hyp-Gly)","value":"1.0","variance":"± 0.0 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 2; Results 3.3 p.5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 footnote states n = 3, whereas text/figures state n = 9."},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Tilapia skin-derived LMW gelatin hydrolysate (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax (Hyp-Gly)","value":"1.0","variance":"± 0.0 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 2; Results 3.3 p.5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 footnote states n = 3, whereas text/figures state n = 9."},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Tilapia skin-derived gelatin (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":[],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (sampling 0-4 h; AUC window not stated)","value":"14.7","variance":"± 4.0 (SD)","units":"h·nmol/mL","location":"Results 3.3 p.5; Fig. 4b","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Basa fish skin-derived gelatin hydrolysate (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (sampling 0-4 h; AUC window not stated)","value":"19.6","variance":"± 2.6 (SD)","units":"h·nmol/mL","location":"Results 3.3 p.5; Fig. 4b","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"34461513","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Tilapia skin-derived LMW gelatin hydrolysate (ASAHI GELATINE INDUSTRIAL Co., Ltd.)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"10 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"9","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (sampling 0-4 h; AUC window not stated)","value":"18.7","variance":"± 7.5 (SD)","units":"h·nmol/mL","location":"Results 3.3 p.5; Fig. 4b","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Ala-4Hyp","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"5.10","variance":"± 1.63 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Ala-4Hyp","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"2.60","variance":"± 1.14 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Ala-4Hyp","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"0.88","variance":"± 0.23 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Glu-4Hyp","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"1.46","variance":"± 0.39 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Glu-4Hyp","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.47","variance":"± 0.14 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Glu-4Hyp","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"1.44","variance":"± 0.62 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Leu-4Hyp","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"2.12","variance":"± 0.57 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Leu-4Hyp","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"1.83","variance":"± 0.72 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Leu-4Hyp","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"0.63","variance":"± 0.23 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Pro-4Hyp","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"34.18","variance":"± 9.92 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Pro-4Hyp","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"12.16","variance":"± 4.33 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Pro-4Hyp","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"1.38","variance":"± 0.52 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Ser-4Hyp","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"1.71","variance":"± 0.35 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Ser-4Hyp","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.69","variance":"± 0.21 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Ser-4Hyp","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"1.06","variance":"± 0.42 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"4Hyp-Gly","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"4.82","variance":"± 4.76 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"4Hyp-Gly","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"2.52","variance":"± 2.36 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"4Hyp-Gly","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"0.75","variance":"± 0.27 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Ala-4Hyp-Gly","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"0.93","variance":"± 0.46 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Ala-4Hyp-Gly","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.77","variance":"± 0.42 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Ala-4Hyp-Gly","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"0.63","variance":"± 0.23 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Glu-4Hyp-Gly","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"1.19","variance":"± 0.23 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Glu-4Hyp-Gly","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.54","variance":"± 0.13 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Glu-4Hyp-Gly","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"1.25","variance":"± 0.46 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Pro-4Hyp-Gly","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"0.76","variance":"± 0.38 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Pro-4Hyp-Gly","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.49","variance":"± 0.27 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Pro-4Hyp-Gly","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"0.94","variance":"± 0.18 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Ser-4Hyp-Gly","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"1.25","variance":"± 0.49 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Ser-4Hyp-Gly","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.78","variance":"± 0.37 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Ser-4Hyp-Gly","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"0.75","variance":"± 0.27 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-4Hyp","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"0.27","variance":"± 0.13 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-4Hyp","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.10","variance":"± 0.06 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-4Hyp","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"0.81","variance":"± 0.26 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"2.77","variance":"± 0.58 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.62","variance":"± 0.14 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"porcine skin collagen hydrolysate PS-1, average MW 3000-5000 Da, dissolved in 100 mL water (Nippi)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","matrix":"human plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"2.63","variance":"± 1.19 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"pancreatin hydrolysate of bovine skin collagen, average MW 1880 Da","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"500 µL of 40 mg/mL solution in water","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"collagen-free diet (AIN-93M) from the day before","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-4Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-12h","value":"5.88","variance":"± 0.55 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"pancreatin hydrolysate of bovine skin collagen, average MW 1880 Da","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"500 µL of 40 mg/mL solution in water","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"collagen-free diet (AIN-93M) from the day before","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-4Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"1.38","variance":"± 0.23 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"pancreatin hydrolysate of bovine skin collagen, average MW 1880 Da","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"500 µL of 40 mg/mL solution in water","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"collagen-free diet (AIN-93M) from the day before","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-4Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"1.40","variance":"± 0.55 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"pancreatin hydrolysate of bovine Achilles tendon collagen, average MW 1771 Da","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"500 µL of 40 mg/mL solution in water","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"collagen-free diet (AIN-93M) from the day before","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-4Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-12h","value":"6.79","variance":"± 1.08 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"pancreatin hydrolysate of bovine Achilles tendon collagen, average MW 1771 Da","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"500 µL of 40 mg/mL solution in water","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"collagen-free diet (AIN-93M) from the day before","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-4Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"1.44","variance":"± 0.18 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"pancreatin hydrolysate of bovine Achilles tendon collagen, average MW 1771 Da","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"500 µL of 40 mg/mL solution in water","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"collagen-free diet (AIN-93M) from the day before","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-4Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"1.60","variance":"± 0.55 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"pancreatin hydrolysate of bovine skin collagen, average MW 1880 Da","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"500 µL of 40 mg/mL solution in water","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"collagen-free diet (AIN-93M) from the day before","n":"5","analyte":"4Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-12h","value":"1.65","variance":"± 0.29 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"pancreatin hydrolysate of bovine skin collagen, average MW 1880 Da","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"500 µL of 40 mg/mL solution in water","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"collagen-free diet (AIN-93M) from the day before","n":"5","analyte":"4Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.31","variance":"± 0.12 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"pancreatin hydrolysate of bovine skin collagen, average MW 1880 Da","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"500 µL of 40 mg/mL solution in water","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"collagen-free diet (AIN-93M) from the day before","n":"5","analyte":"4Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"1.00","variance":"± 0.61 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"pancreatin hydrolysate of bovine Achilles tendon collagen, average MW 1771 Da","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"500 µL of 40 mg/mL solution in water","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"collagen-free diet (AIN-93M) from the day before","n":"5","analyte":"4Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-12h","value":"1.92","variance":"± 0.50 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"pancreatin hydrolysate of bovine Achilles tendon collagen, average MW 1771 Da","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"500 µL of 40 mg/mL solution in water","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"collagen-free diet (AIN-93M) from the day before","n":"5","analyte":"4Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.45","variance":"± 0.19 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"pancreatin hydrolysate of bovine Achilles tendon collagen, average MW 1771 Da","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"500 µL of 40 mg/mL solution in water","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"collagen-free diet (AIN-93M) from the day before","n":"5","analyte":"4Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"0.90","variance":"± 0.22 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"pancreatin hydrolysate of bovine skin collagen, average MW 1880 Da","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"500 µL of 40 mg/mL solution in water","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"collagen-free diet (AIN-93M) from the day before","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-12h","value":"1.26","variance":"± 0.16 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"pancreatin hydrolysate of bovine skin collagen, average MW 1880 Da","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"500 µL of 40 mg/mL solution in water","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"collagen-free diet (AIN-93M) from the day before","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.15","variance":"± 0.03 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"pancreatin hydrolysate of bovine skin collagen, average MW 1880 Da","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"500 µL of 40 mg/mL solution in water","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"collagen-free diet (AIN-93M) from the day before","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"2.80","variance":"± 1.10 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"pancreatin hydrolysate of bovine Achilles tendon collagen, average MW 1771 Da","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"500 µL of 40 mg/mL solution in water","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"collagen-free diet (AIN-93M) from the day before","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-12h","value":"2.73","variance":"± 1.72 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Asterisk in Table 2: P < 0.05 compared to skin collagen hydrolysate (Student's t test)"},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"pancreatin hydrolysate of bovine Achilles tendon collagen, average MW 1771 Da","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"500 µL of 40 mg/mL solution in water","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"collagen-free diet (AIN-93M) from the day before","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.41","variance":"± 0.27 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Asterisk in Table 2: P < 0.05 compared to skin collagen hydrolysate (Student's t test)"},{"pmid":"35662250","species":"human","arm":"","form":"pancreatin hydrolysate of bovine Achilles tendon collagen, average MW 1771 Da","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"500 µL of 40 mg/mL solution in water","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"collagen-free diet (AIN-93M) from the day before","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"3.60","variance":"± 0.89 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"AP collagen peptide powder, >15% tripeptides (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Free Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"42.2","variance":"± 8.7 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"general collagenase digest, <1.5% tripeptides, no Gly-Pro-Hyp/Gly-Pro-Ala detected (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Free Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"31.0","variance":"± 7.7 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"undigested collagen (no collagenase digestion) (Aestura)","forms":["undenatured"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Free Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"34.4","variance":"± 7.0 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"APCP with Lactobacillus-fermented GABA (Aestura; GABA from Pharma Foods Korea)","forms":[],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water; GABA 100 mg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Free Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"37.7","variance":"± 9.0 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"AP collagen peptide powder, >15% tripeptides (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Free Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"119.3","variance":"± 22.9 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"general collagenase digest, <1.5% tripeptides, no Gly-Pro-Hyp/Gly-Pro-Ala detected (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Free Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"108.9","variance":"± 23.9 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"undigested collagen (no collagenase digestion) (Aestura)","forms":["undenatured"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Free Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"108.9","variance":"± 16.8 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"APCP with Lactobacillus-fermented GABA (Aestura; GABA from Pharma Foods Korea)","forms":[],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water; GABA 100 mg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Free Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"120.1","variance":"± 23.9 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"AP collagen peptide powder, >15% tripeptides (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Peptide-derived Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"78.9","variance":"± 15.3 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"general collagenase digest, <1.5% tripeptides, no Gly-Pro-Hyp/Gly-Pro-Ala detected (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Peptide-derived Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"69.1","variance":"± 16.5 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"undigested collagen (no collagenase digestion) (Aestura)","forms":["undenatured"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Peptide-derived Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"72.8","variance":"± 28.3 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"APCP with Lactobacillus-fermented GABA (Aestura; GABA from Pharma Foods Korea)","forms":[],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water; GABA 100 mg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Peptide-derived Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"78.4","variance":"± 15.5 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"AP collagen peptide powder, >15% tripeptides (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Peptide-derived Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"218.0","variance":"± 55.0 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"general collagenase digest, <1.5% tripeptides, no Gly-Pro-Hyp/Gly-Pro-Ala detected (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Peptide-derived Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"198.3","variance":"± 35.2 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"undigested collagen (no collagenase digestion) (Aestura)","forms":["undenatured"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Peptide-derived Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"207.4","variance":"± 75.4 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"APCP with Lactobacillus-fermented GABA (Aestura; GABA from Pharma Foods Korea)","forms":[],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water; GABA 100 mg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Peptide-derived Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"220.9","variance":"± 33.8 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"AP collagen peptide powder, >15% tripeptides (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"53.1","variance":"± 16.6 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"general collagenase digest, <1.5% tripeptides, no Gly-Pro-Hyp/Gly-Pro-Ala detected (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"47.2","variance":"± 14.1 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"undigested collagen (no collagenase digestion) (Aestura)","forms":["undenatured"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"61.4","variance":"± 22.3 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"APCP with Lactobacillus-fermented GABA (Aestura; GABA from Pharma Foods Korea)","forms":[],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water; GABA 100 mg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"48.3","variance":"± 22.0 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"AP collagen peptide powder, >15% tripeptides (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"128.6","variance":"± 55.5 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"general collagenase digest, <1.5% tripeptides, no Gly-Pro-Hyp/Gly-Pro-Ala detected (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"146.9","variance":"± 56.0 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"undigested collagen (no collagenase digestion) (Aestura)","forms":["undenatured"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"164.1","variance":"± 70.1 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"APCP with Lactobacillus-fermented GABA (Aestura; GABA from Pharma Foods Korea)","forms":[],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water; GABA 100 mg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"127.8","variance":"± 68.7 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"AP collagen peptide powder, >15% tripeptides (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Cyclo(Pro-Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"3.5","variance":"± 0.8 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"general collagenase digest, <1.5% tripeptides, no Gly-Pro-Hyp/Gly-Pro-Ala detected (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Cyclo(Pro-Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"3.5","variance":"± 1.7 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"undigested collagen (no collagenase digestion) (Aestura)","forms":["undenatured"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Cyclo(Pro-Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"4.2","variance":"± 1.4 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"APCP with Lactobacillus-fermented GABA (Aestura; GABA from Pharma Foods Korea)","forms":[],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water; GABA 100 mg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Cyclo(Pro-Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"3.5","variance":"± 1.3 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"AP collagen peptide powder, >15% tripeptides (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Cyclo(Pro-Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"7.7","variance":"± 3.2 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"general collagenase digest, <1.5% tripeptides, no Gly-Pro-Hyp/Gly-Pro-Ala detected (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Cyclo(Pro-Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"10.1","variance":"± 4.5 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"undigested collagen (no collagenase digestion) (Aestura)","forms":["undenatured"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Cyclo(Pro-Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"10.6","variance":"± 4.8 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"APCP with Lactobacillus-fermented GABA (Aestura; GABA from Pharma Foods Korea)","forms":[],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water; GABA 100 mg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Cyclo(Pro-Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"9.0","variance":"± 4.0 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"AP collagen peptide powder, >15% tripeptides (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"1.2","variance":"± 0.3 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"general collagenase digest, <1.5% tripeptides, no Gly-Pro-Hyp/Gly-Pro-Ala detected (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"1.4","variance":"± 1.5 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"undigested collagen (no collagenase digestion) (Aestura)","forms":["undenatured"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"1.6","variance":"± 0.7 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"APCP with Lactobacillus-fermented GABA (Aestura; GABA from Pharma Foods Korea)","forms":[],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water; GABA 100 mg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"2.1","variance":"± 1.1 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"AP collagen peptide powder, >15% tripeptides (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"2.38","variance":"± 1.16 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"general collagenase digest, <1.5% tripeptides, no Gly-Pro-Hyp/Gly-Pro-Ala detected (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"2.85","variance":"± 2.73 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"undigested collagen (no collagenase digestion) (Aestura)","forms":["undenatured"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"2.97","variance":"± 1.46 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"APCP with Lactobacillus-fermented GABA (Aestura; GABA from Pharma Foods Korea)","forms":[],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water; GABA 100 mg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"4.30","variance":"± 2.82 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"AP collagen peptide powder, >15% tripeptides (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"31.2","variance":"± 21.3 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 footnote a: 'Significant difference between the general CP and collagen group (P < .05)' as printed; text says APCP and APCP+GABA Cmax and AUC notably higher than general CP and collagen"},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"general collagenase digest, <1.5% tripeptides, no Gly-Pro-Hyp/Gly-Pro-Ala detected (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"1.9","variance":"± 0.7 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"undigested collagen (no collagenase digestion) (Aestura)","forms":["undenatured"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"2.7","variance":"± 1.7 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"APCP with Lactobacillus-fermented GABA (Aestura; GABA from Pharma Foods Korea)","forms":[],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water; GABA 100 mg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"34.8","variance":"± 15.8 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 footnote a: 'Significant difference between the general CP and collagen group (P < .05)' as printed; text says APCP and APCP+GABA Cmax and AUC notably higher than general CP and collagen"},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"AP collagen peptide powder, >15% tripeptides (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"68.7","variance":"± 38.1 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 footnote a (see Cmax row)"},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"general collagenase digest, <1.5% tripeptides, no Gly-Pro-Hyp/Gly-Pro-Ala detected (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"5.7","variance":"± 2.6 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"undigested collagen (no collagenase digestion) (Aestura)","forms":["undenatured"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"7.3","variance":"± 3.1 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"APCP with Lactobacillus-fermented GABA (Aestura; GABA from Pharma Foods Korea)","forms":[],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water; GABA 100 mg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"78.7","variance":"± 44.9 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 footnote a (see Cmax row)"},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"AP collagen peptide powder, >15% tripeptides (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.34","variance":"± 0.18 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"general collagenase digest, <1.5% tripeptides, no Gly-Pro-Hyp/Gly-Pro-Ala detected (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.23","variance":"± 0.31 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"undigested collagen (no collagenase digestion) (Aestura)","forms":["undenatured"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.06","variance":"± 0.083 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"APCP with Lactobacillus-fermented GABA (Aestura; GABA from Pharma Foods Korea)","forms":[],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water; GABA 100 mg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.50","variance":"± 0.23 (SD)","units":"µmol/L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 footnote b: 'Significant difference between the APCP, general CP, and collagen groups (P < .05)'"},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"AP collagen peptide powder, >15% tripeptides (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"0.39","variance":"± 0.22 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"general collagenase digest, <1.5% tripeptides, no Gly-Pro-Hyp/Gly-Pro-Ala detected (Aestura)","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"0.27","variance":"± 0.28 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"undigested collagen (no collagenase digestion) (Aestura)","forms":["undenatured"],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"0.1","variance":"± 0.06 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"APCP with Lactobacillus-fermented GABA (Aestura; GABA from Pharma Foods Korea)","forms":[],"dose":"7.5 g per 60 kg body weight in 200 mL water; GABA 100 mg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted 12 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-4h (trapezoidal; baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h)","value":"0.71","variance":"± 0.36 (SD)","units":"µmol/h•L","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 footnote b"},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"","forms":[],"dose":"","doseBasis":"","fed":"","n":"","analyte":"free Hyp and peptide-derived Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of peak as stated in text","value":"1","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Results p.302","quote":"peaked at 1 h after ingestion, and subsequently declined gradually","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Qualitative peak time from text, no variance printed"},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"","forms":[],"dose":"","doseBasis":"","fed":"","n":"","analyte":"Pro-Hyp, cyclo(Pro-Hyp), Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of peak as stated in text","value":"1","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Results p.302","quote":"reached maximum levels after 1 h (Fig. 2C-E)","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Qualitative peak time from text, no variance printed"},{"pmid":"37074675","species":"human","arm":"","form":"","forms":[],"dose":"","doseBasis":"","fed":"","n":"","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp and Gly-Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of peak as stated in text","value":"0.5","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Results p.302","quote":"drastically increased and peaked at 0.5 h","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Qualitative peak time from text, no variance printed"},{"pmid":"38007183","species":"human","arm":"","form":"hydrolyzed collagen (0 g) + 34.1 g maltodextrin + 50 mg vitamin C + 4 g sweetener in 300 mL water (Myprotein)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"0 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"10 h overnight fast; only water allowed","n":"10","analyte":"PINP","matrix":"serum","parameter":"AUC","detail":"concentration x time AUC (-1 h to 6 h post RE)","value":"219","variance":"","units":"μg∙L-1∙h","location":"Abstract; Results p.14-15","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38007183","species":"human","arm":"","form":"hydrolyzed collagen + 15.4 g maltodextrin + 50 mg vitamin C + 4 g sweetener in 300 mL water (Myprotein)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"15 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"10 h overnight fast","n":"10","analyte":"PINP","matrix":"serum","parameter":"AUC","detail":"concentration x time AUC (-1 h to 6 h post RE)","value":"235","variance":"","units":"μg∙L-1∙h","location":"Abstract; Results p.14-15","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38007183","species":"human","arm":"","form":"hydrolyzed collagen + 50 mg vitamin C + 4 g sweetener in 300 mL water (Myprotein)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"30 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"10 h overnight fast","n":"10","analyte":"PINP","matrix":"serum","parameter":"AUC","detail":"concentration x time AUC (-1 h to 6 h post RE)","value":"267","variance":"","units":"μg∙L-1∙h","location":"Abstract; Results p.14-15","quote":"30g (267±79 μg∙L-1∙h) than 15g (235±70 μg∙L-1∙h, P=0.039) and 0g HC (219±88 μg∙L-1∙h, P=0.005)","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"p-values for 30 g vs 15 g and vs 0 g: abstract and Fig. 4 legend print P=0.039 and P=0.005; Results text prints P=0.013 and P=0.002 (inconsistent)"},{"pmid":"38007183","species":"human","arm":"","form":"","forms":[],"dose":"","doseBasis":"","fed":"","n":"","analyte":"glycine, proline, hydroxyproline and other collagen amino acids","matrix":"serum","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of peak after 30 g HC, as stated in text","value":"1 - 1.5 h","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Discussion p.19","quote":"these peaked in circulation around 1 – 1.5 h after ingestion of 30 g HC in our study (Figure 6)","quoteCheck":"value not in quote","note":"Range as printed; no variance"},{"pmid":"38984642","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Maltodextrin placebo, energy-matched (Myprotein)","forms":[],"dose":"34.1 g maltodextrin (+50 mg vitamin C)","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"fasted","n":"1","analyte":"PINP","matrix":"serum","parameter":"AUC","detail":"concentration × time AUC","value":"122","variance":"","units":"μg L−1 h","location":"Abstract; Results p.3; Table 1","quote":"0 g HC LF (122 μg L−1 h)","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Single participant; Table 1 row (1)"},{"pmid":"38984642","species":"human","arm":"","form":"hydrolysed collagen (Myprotein)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"30 g","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"fasted","n":"1","analyte":"PINP","matrix":"serum","parameter":"AUC","detail":"concentration × time AUC","value":"144","variance":"","units":"μg L−1 h","location":"Abstract; Results p.3; Table 1","quote":"30 g HC LF (144 μg L−1 h)","quoteCheck":"supported","note":""},{"pmid":"38984642","species":"human","arm":"","form":"Maltodextrin placebo, energy-matched (Myprotein)","forms":[],"dose":"34.1 g maltodextrin (+50 mg vitamin C)","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"fasted","n":"1","analyte":"PINP","matrix":"serum","parameter":"AUC","detail":"concentration × time AUC","value":"151","variance":"","units":"μg L−1 h","location":"Abstract; Results p.3; Table 1","quote":"0 g HC OM (151 μg L−1 h)","quoteCheck":"supported","note":""},{"pmid":"38984642","species":"human","arm":"","form":"hydrolysed collagen (Myprotein)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"30 g","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"fasted","n":"1","analyte":"PINP","matrix":"serum","parameter":"AUC","detail":"concentration × time AUC","value":"201","variance":"","units":"μg L−1 h","location":"Abstract; Results p.3; Table 1","quote":"30 g HC OM (201 μg L−1 h)","quoteCheck":"supported","note":""},{"pmid":"38984642","species":"human","arm":"","form":"","forms":[],"dose":"","doseBasis":"","fed":"","n":"","analyte":"PINP","matrix":"serum","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of peak PINP","value":"+1 h post RE","variance":"","units":"h post RE","location":"Results p.3","quote":"Serum PINP concentration peaked at +1 h post RE","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Peak timing stated for PINP generally; arm not specified"},{"pmid":"39259166","species":"human","arm":"","form":"hydrolysed collagen (placebo: 30.5 g maltodextrin) (MyProtein Collagen Protein)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"0 g","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"fasted","n":"8","analyte":"PINP","matrix":"serum","parameter":"AUC","detail":"concentration × time total AUC","value":"96","variance":"± 23 (SD (Statistical Analysis: means ± SD unless otherwise stated; Fig 3 shows SE))","units":"µg/mL × h","location":"Abstract","quote":"serum PINP concentration × time area-under-the-curve (AUC) was higher following 30 g (169 ± 28 µg/mL × h) than 15 g (134 ± 23 µg/mL × h)","quoteCheck":"value not in quote","note":"Abstract prints µg/mL × h; Fig. 3B y-axis prints µg·L-1·h-1 (unit inconsistency within paper). Values only printed in Abstract; Fig. 3B shows same data as bar chart (mean ± SE)"},{"pmid":"39259166","species":"human","arm":"","form":"hydrolysed collagen (MyProtein Collagen Protein)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"15 g","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"fasted","n":"8","analyte":"PINP","matrix":"serum","parameter":"AUC","detail":"concentration × time total AUC","value":"134","variance":"± 23 (SD (Statistical Analysis: means ± SD unless otherwise stated; Fig 3 shows SE))","units":"µg/mL × h","location":"Abstract","quote":"serum PINP concentration × time area-under-the-curve (AUC) was higher following 30 g (169 ± 28 µg/mL × h) than 15 g (134 ± 23 µg/mL × h)","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Abstract prints µg/mL × h; Fig. 3B y-axis prints µg·L-1·h-1 (unit inconsistency within paper). Values only printed in Abstract; Fig. 3B shows same data as bar chart (mean ± SE)"},{"pmid":"39259166","species":"human","arm":"","form":"hydrolysed collagen (MyProtein Collagen Protein)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"30 g","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"fasted","n":"8","analyte":"PINP","matrix":"serum","parameter":"AUC","detail":"concentration × time total AUC","value":"169","variance":"± 28 (SD (Statistical Analysis: means ± SD unless otherwise stated; Fig 3 shows SE))","units":"µg/mL × h","location":"Abstract","quote":"serum PINP concentration × time area-under-the-curve (AUC) was higher following 30 g (169 ± 28 µg/mL × h) than 15 g (134 ± 23 µg/mL × h)","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Abstract prints µg/mL × h; Fig. 3B y-axis prints µg·L-1·h-1 (unit inconsistency within paper). Values only printed in Abstract; Fig. 3B shows same data as bar chart (mean ± SE)"},{"pmid":"39259166","species":"human","arm":"","form":"hydrolysed collagen (MyProtein Collagen Protein)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"30 g","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"fasted","n":"8","analyte":"PINP","matrix":"serum","parameter":"relative_bioavailability","detail":"% greater total AUC vs 15 g HC","value":"27%","variance":"","units":"%","location":"Discussion p.E672","quote":"the 30 g HC intervention led to a 27% greater PINP total AUC compared with the 15 g HC intervention","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Discussion percentage; Results give 1.2-fold"},{"pmid":"39259166","species":"human","arm":"","form":"hydrolysed collagen (MyProtein Collagen Protein)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"15 g","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"fasted","n":"8","analyte":"PINP","matrix":"serum","parameter":"relative_bioavailability","detail":"% greater total AUC vs 0 g HC","value":"39%","variance":"","units":"%","location":"Discussion p.E672","quote":"which led to a 39% greater total AUC than the 0 g HC intervention","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Discussion gives 39% for 15 g vs 0 g; Results text gives 1.4 times"},{"pmid":"39259166","species":"human","arm":"","form":"hydrolysed collagen (MyProtein Collagen Protein)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"15 g","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"fasted","n":"8","analyte":"PINP","matrix":"serum","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of peak PINP","value":"2 h","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Results p.E672","quote":"In both the 15 g and 30 g HC interventions, PINP concentrations peaked at 2 h after RE","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Time point stated, qualitative (no median)"},{"pmid":"39259166","species":"human","arm":"","form":"hydrolysed collagen (MyProtein Collagen Protein)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"30 g","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"fasted","n":"8","analyte":"PINP","matrix":"serum","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of peak PINP","value":"2 h","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Results p.E672","quote":"PINP concentrations peaked at 2 h after RE","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Time point stated, qualitative"},{"pmid":"39259166","species":"human","arm":"","form":"","forms":[],"dose":"","doseBasis":"","fed":"","n":"","analyte":"glycine, proline, hydroxyproline","matrix":"serum","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"timing of peak","value":"1 and 2 h","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Discussion p.E674","quote":"peaked in our serum samples between 1 and 2 h after ingestion of the supplement (Fig. 5)","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Range as printed; qualitative"},{"pmid":"41788055","species":"human","arm":"","form":"low-molecular-weight collagen peptide (fish skin gelatin hydrolysate) (NEWTREE Co., Ltd.)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"8.0 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp (GPH)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"3020","variance":"± 995 (SD)","units":"ng/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"Cmax 3020 ± 995 ng/mL; Tmax 0.7 ± 0.2 h; AUC0–2h 3388 ± 1084 ng·h/mL","quoteCheck":"supported","note":""},{"pmid":"41788055","species":"human","arm":"","form":"low-molecular-weight collagen peptide (fish skin gelatin hydrolysate) (NEWTREE Co., Ltd.)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"8.0 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp (GPH)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time to Cmax","value":"0.7","variance":"± 0.2 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 1","quote":"Cmax 3020 ± 995 ng/mL; Tmax 0.7 ± 0.2 h; AUC0–2h 3388 ± 1084 ng·h/mL","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Table 1 prints AUC0–∞ (text layer renders as AUC0–1); Tmax is given as mean ± SD (not median)"},{"pmid":"41788055","species":"human","arm":"","form":"low-molecular-weight collagen peptide (fish skin gelatin hydrolysate) (NEWTREE Co., Ltd.)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"8.0 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp (GPH)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0–2h","value":"3388","variance":"± 1084 (SD)","units":"ng·h/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"Cmax 3020 ± 995 ng/mL; Tmax 0.7 ± 0.2 h; AUC0–2h 3388 ± 1084 ng·h/mL","quoteCheck":"supported","note":""},{"pmid":"41788055","species":"human","arm":"","form":"low-molecular-weight collagen peptide (fish skin gelatin hydrolysate) (NEWTREE Co., Ltd.)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"8.0 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp (GPH)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0–∞","value":"4422","variance":"± 1336 (SD)","units":"ng·h/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"Cmax 3020 ± 995 ng/mL; Tmax 0.7 ± 0.2 h; AUC0–2h 3388 ± 1084 ng·h/mL","quoteCheck":"value not in quote","note":""},{"pmid":"41788055","species":"human","arm":"","form":"non-hydrolysed fish skin collagen (no collagenase) (NEWTREE Co., Ltd.)","forms":["undenatured"],"dose":"8.0 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp (GPH)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"55","variance":"± 14 (SD)","units":"ng/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"41788055","species":"human","arm":"","form":"non-hydrolysed fish skin collagen (no collagenase) (NEWTREE Co., Ltd.)","forms":["undenatured"],"dose":"8.0 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp (GPH)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time to Cmax","value":"1.3","variance":"± 0.5 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1 prints AUC0–∞ (text layer renders as AUC0–1); Tmax is given as mean ± SD (not median)"},{"pmid":"41788055","species":"human","arm":"","form":"non-hydrolysed fish skin collagen (no collagenase) (NEWTREE Co., Ltd.)","forms":["undenatured"],"dose":"8.0 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp (GPH)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0–2h","value":"63","variance":"± 23 (SD)","units":"ng·h/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"41788055","species":"human","arm":"","form":"non-hydrolysed fish skin collagen (no collagenase) (NEWTREE Co., Ltd.)","forms":["undenatured"],"dose":"8.0 g","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp (GPH)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0–∞","value":"153","variance":"± 76 (SD)","units":"ng·h/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42609988","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate, ultra-low MW (SOLUGEL 500 Da (PB Leiner))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"400 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast","n":"5","analyte":"plasma glycine and proline/hydroxyproline","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of peak, as described in abstract","value":"30","variance":"","units":"minutes","location":"Abstract","quote":"plasma glycine and proline/hydroxyproline peaked earlier after LMWCP group (30 minutes) compared to CP group (120 minutes)","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Descriptive from graph/abstract; statistic type not stated"},{"pmid":"42609988","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate, standard (SOLUGEL 2,000-3,000 Da (PB Leiner))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"400 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast","n":"5","analyte":"plasma glycine and proline/hydroxyproline","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of peak, as described in abstract","value":"120","variance":"","units":"minutes","location":"Abstract","quote":"plasma glycine and proline/hydroxyproline peaked earlier after LMWCP group (30 minutes) compared to CP group (120 minutes)","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Descriptive from graph/abstract; statistic type not stated"},{"pmid":"42609988","species":"human","arm":"","form":"","forms":[],"dose":"","doseBasis":"","fed":"","n":"","analyte":"glycine, proline, hydroxyproline","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"peak range after both collagen products (Discussion)","value":"30 and 120","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Discussion p.14","quote":"reaching peak levels between 30 and 120 min post-administration, then gradually returned toward baseline by 240 min","quoteCheck":"supported","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h","value":"4.26","variance":"± 1.31 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h","value":"2.88","variance":"± 0.63 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Marker * vs bovine (Welch t-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.89","variance":"± 0.19 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.34","variance":"± 0.05 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Marker *** vs bovine (Welch t-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.5","variance":"± 0.0 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.5","variance":"± 0.0 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Glu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h","value":"6.16","variance":"± 2.05 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Glu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h","value":"4.07","variance":"± 1.42 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Marker * vs bovine (Welch t-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Glu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.59","variance":"± 0.15 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Glu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.25","variance":"± 0.10 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Marker *** vs bovine (Welch t-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Glu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"1.3","variance":"± 0.5 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Glu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.8","variance":"± 0.5 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h","value":"3.52","variance":"± 1.01 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h","value":"2.30","variance":"± 0.47 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Marker * vs bovine (Welch t-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"1.26","variance":"± 0.38 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.59","variance":"± 0.32 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Marker ** vs bovine (Welch t-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.5","variance":"± 0.0 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.6","variance":"± 0.2 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h","value":"33.18","variance":"± 6.41 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h","value":"13.27","variance":"± 4.82 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Marker *** vs bovine (Welch t-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"6.39","variance":"± 1.80 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"1.11","variance":"± 0.38 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Marker *** vs bovine (Welch t-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"1.1","variance":"± 0.4 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.7","variance":"± 0.4 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Ser-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h","value":"3.57","variance":"± 0.88 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Ser-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h","value":"2.59","variance":"± 0.48 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Marker * vs bovine (Welch t-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Ser-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.45","variance":"± 0.09 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Ser-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.25","variance":"± 0.03 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Marker *** vs bovine (Welch t-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Ser-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.8","variance":"± 0.3 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Ser-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.6","variance":"± 0.2 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h","value":"4.19","variance":"± 1.41 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h","value":"3.63","variance":"± 2.30 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"1.01","variance":"± 0.68 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.70","variance":"± 0.77 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.7","variance":"± 0.3 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.7","variance":"± 0.3 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h","value":"2.34","variance":"± 0.47 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h","value":"1.86","variance":"± 0.26 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Marker * vs bovine (Welch t-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.47","variance":"± 0.18 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.13","variance":"± 0.02 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Marker *** vs bovine (Welch t-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.5","variance":"± 0.0 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.5","variance":"± 0.0 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Glu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h","value":"2.69","variance":"± 0.62 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Glu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h","value":"1.89","variance":"± 0.33 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Marker ** vs bovine (Welch t-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Glu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.41","variance":"± 0.07 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Glu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.12","variance":"± 0.02 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Marker *** vs bovine (Welch t-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Glu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.9","variance":"± 0.2 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Glu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"1.0","variance":"± 0.4 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h","value":"1.85","variance":"± 0.44 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h","value":"1.35","variance":"± 0.33 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Marker * vs bovine (Welch t-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.47","variance":"± 0.13 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.12","variance":"± 0.02 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Marker *** vs bovine (Welch t-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.9","variance":"± 0.2 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.7","variance":"± 0.6 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h","value":"2.54","variance":"± 0.56 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h","value":"1.84","variance":"± 0.30 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Marker ** vs bovine (Welch t-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.61","variance":"± 0.19 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.25","variance":"± 0.09 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Marker *** vs bovine (Welch t-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.6","variance":"± 0.2 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.6","variance":"± 0.2 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h","value":"28.53","variance":"± 10.77 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h","value":"2.36","variance":"± 0.48 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Marker *** vs bovine (Welch t-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"16.58","variance":"± 6.36 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.89","variance":"± 0.35 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Marker *** vs bovine (Welch t-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.6","variance":"± 0.2 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.6","variance":"± 0.2 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h","value":"6.60","variance":"± 0.82 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h","value":"51.63","variance":"± 11.76 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Marker *** vs bovine (Welch t-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.93","variance":"± 0.13 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"6.60","variance":"± 1.36 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Marker *** vs bovine (Welch t-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"2.0","variance":"± 0.0 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"1.8","variance":"± 0.4 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 644 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"8","analyte":"total of analyzed Hyp-containing oligopeptides","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h total","value":"99.42","variance":"± 16.89 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate (collagenase-digested, avg MW 637 Da)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"5 g","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"12-h fast; collagen-free meals after 2 h and 8 h","n":"9","analyte":"total of analyzed Hyp-containing oligopeptides","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-24h total","value":"89.67","variance":"± 14.99 (SD)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h","value":"3.43","variance":"± 0.19 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"AUC mean ± SE calculated by Bailer's method (sparse sampling)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h","value":"3.28","variance":"± 0.13 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"AUC mean ± SE calculated by Bailer's method (sparse sampling)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.32","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.28","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"1.0","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.5","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Glu-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h","value":"5.27","variance":"± 0.44 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"AUC mean ± SE calculated by Bailer's method (sparse sampling)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Glu-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h","value":"3.75","variance":"± 0.20 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"AUC mean ± SE calculated by Bailer's method (sparse sampling). Marker ** vs bovine (z-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Glu-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.72","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Glu-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.30","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Glu-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"1.0","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Glu-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"4.0","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h","value":"3.94","variance":"± 0.24 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"AUC mean ± SE calculated by Bailer's method (sparse sampling)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h","value":"4.24","variance":"± 0.29 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"AUC mean ± SE calculated by Bailer's method (sparse sampling)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.56","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.46","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"1.0","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.5","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h","value":"27.63","variance":"± 1.65 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"AUC mean ± SE calculated by Bailer's method (sparse sampling)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h","value":"15.62","variance":"± 1.01 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"AUC mean ± SE calculated by Bailer's method (sparse sampling). Marker *** vs bovine (z-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"7.99","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"1.72","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"1.0","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.5","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h","value":"2.54","variance":"± 0.14 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"AUC mean ± SE calculated by Bailer's method (sparse sampling)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h","value":"2.47","variance":"± 0.09 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"AUC mean ± SE calculated by Bailer's method (sparse sampling)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.31","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.22","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"1.0","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.5","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h","value":"4.01","variance":"± 0.21 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"AUC mean ± SE calculated by Bailer's method (sparse sampling)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h","value":"3.45","variance":"± 0.17 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"AUC mean ± SE calculated by Bailer's method (sparse sampling). Marker * vs bovine (z-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.96","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.84","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"1.0","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.5","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h","value":"2.89","variance":"± 0.13 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"AUC mean ± SE calculated by Bailer's method (sparse sampling)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h","value":"2.68","variance":"± 0.12 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"AUC mean ± SE calculated by Bailer's method (sparse sampling)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.31","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.22","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"1.0","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.0","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Glu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h","value":"2.79","variance":"± 0.20 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"AUC mean ± SE calculated by Bailer's method (sparse sampling)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Glu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h","value":"1.86","variance":"± 0.09 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"AUC mean ± SE calculated by Bailer's method (sparse sampling). Marker *** vs bovine (z-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Glu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.66","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Glu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.16","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Glu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"1.0","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Glu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.5","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h","value":"4.32","variance":"± 0.27 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"AUC mean ± SE calculated by Bailer's method (sparse sampling)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h","value":"3.74","variance":"± 0.29 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"AUC mean ± SE calculated by Bailer's method (sparse sampling)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.52","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.31","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"1.0","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.0","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h","value":"3.98","variance":"± 0.20 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"AUC mean ± SE calculated by Bailer's method (sparse sampling)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h","value":"3.88","variance":"± 0.19 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"AUC mean ± SE calculated by Bailer's method (sparse sampling)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.74","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.46","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"1.0","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.5","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h","value":"11.36","variance":"± 1.35 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"AUC mean ± SE calculated by Bailer's method (sparse sampling)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h","value":"4.31","variance":"± 0.22 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"AUC mean ± SE calculated by Bailer's method (sparse sampling). Marker *** vs bovine (z-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"4.09","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"0.75","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"1.0","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"0.5","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h","value":"11.98","variance":"± 1.17 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"AUC mean ± SE calculated by Bailer's method (sparse sampling)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h","value":"122.74","variance":"± 8.78 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"AUC mean ± SE calculated by Bailer's method (sparse sampling). Marker *** vs bovine (z-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"1.66","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"Cmax","value":"18.25","variance":"","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"2.0","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"Tmax","value":"2.0","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average plasma concentrations in Fig. 2"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"total of analyzed Hyp-containing oligopeptides","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h total","value":"84.13","variance":"± 4.24 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"total of analyzed Hyp-containing oligopeptides","matrix":"mouse plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-16h total","value":"172.02","variance":"± 9.98 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/mL","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Marker *** vs bovine"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"AUC","detail":"netAUC0-16h (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.10","variance":"± 0.41 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Mean ± SE by Bailer's method"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"AUC","detail":"netAUC0-16h (baseline-subtracted)","value":"-0.02","variance":"± 0.40 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Mean ± SE by Bailer's method"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"dCmax (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.05","variance":"","units":"nmol/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average skin concentrations in Figs. 3 and S5"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"dCmax (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.03","variance":"","units":"nmol/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average skin concentrations in Figs. 3 and S5"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Glu-Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"AUC","detail":"netAUC0-16h (baseline-subtracted)","value":"-0.46","variance":"± 0.81 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Mean ± SE by Bailer's method"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Glu-Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"AUC","detail":"netAUC0-16h (baseline-subtracted)","value":"-0.61","variance":"± 0.80 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Mean ± SE by Bailer's method"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Glu-Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"dCmax (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.07","variance":"","units":"nmol/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average skin concentrations in Figs. 3 and S5"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Glu-Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"dCmax (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.04","variance":"","units":"nmol/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average skin concentrations in Figs. 3 and S5"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"AUC","detail":"netAUC0-16h (baseline-subtracted)","value":"-0.05","variance":"± 0.16 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Mean ± SE by Bailer's method"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"AUC","detail":"netAUC0-16h (baseline-subtracted)","value":"-0.19","variance":"± 0.14 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Mean ± SE by Bailer's method"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"dCmax (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.01","variance":"","units":"nmol/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average skin concentrations in Figs. 3 and S5"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"dCmax (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.01","variance":"","units":"nmol/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average skin concentrations in Figs. 3 and S5"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"AUC","detail":"netAUC0-16h (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.95","variance":"± 6.48 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Mean ± SE by Bailer's method"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"AUC","detail":"netAUC0-16h (baseline-subtracted)","value":"-14.4","variance":"± 4.79 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Mean ± SE by Bailer's method"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"dCmax (baseline-subtracted)","value":"2.51","variance":"","units":"nmol/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average skin concentrations in Figs. 3 and S5"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"dCmax (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.00","variance":"","units":"nmol/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average skin concentrations in Figs. 3 and S5"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"AUC","detail":"netAUC0-16h (baseline-subtracted)","value":"-0.53","variance":"± 0.53 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Mean ± SE by Bailer's method"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"AUC","detail":"netAUC0-16h (baseline-subtracted)","value":"-0.64","variance":"± 0.50 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Mean ± SE by Bailer's method"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"dCmax (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.07","variance":"","units":"nmol/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average skin concentrations in Figs. 3 and S5"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"dCmax (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.07","variance":"","units":"nmol/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average skin concentrations in Figs. 3 and S5"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"AUC","detail":"netAUC0-16h (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.02","variance":"± 0.27 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Mean ± SE by Bailer's method"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"AUC","detail":"netAUC0-16h (baseline-subtracted)","value":"-0.33","variance":"± 0.22 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Mean ± SE by Bailer's method"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"dCmax (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.12","variance":"","units":"nmol/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average skin concentrations in Figs. 3 and S5"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"dCmax (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.10","variance":"","units":"nmol/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average skin concentrations in Figs. 3 and S5"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"AUC","detail":"netAUC0-16h (baseline-subtracted)","value":"-0.08","variance":"± 0.26 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Mean ± SE by Bailer's method"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"AUC","detail":"netAUC0-16h (baseline-subtracted)","value":"-0.43","variance":"± 0.23 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Mean ± SE by Bailer's method"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"dCmax (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.03","variance":"","units":"nmol/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average skin concentrations in Figs. 3 and S5"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"dCmax (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.00","variance":"","units":"nmol/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average skin concentrations in Figs. 3 and S5"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Glu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"AUC","detail":"netAUC0-16h (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.19","variance":"± 0.23 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Mean ± SE by Bailer's method"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Glu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"AUC","detail":"netAUC0-16h (baseline-subtracted)","value":"-0.10","variance":"± 0.22 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Mean ± SE by Bailer's method"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Glu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"dCmax (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.07","variance":"","units":"nmol/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average skin concentrations in Figs. 3 and S5"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Glu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"dCmax (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.01","variance":"","units":"nmol/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average skin concentrations in Figs. 3 and S5"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"AUC","detail":"netAUC0-16h (baseline-subtracted)","value":"4.82","variance":"± 5.74 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Mean ± SE by Bailer's method"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"AUC","detail":"netAUC0-16h (baseline-subtracted)","value":"-2.05","variance":"± 5.31 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Mean ± SE by Bailer's method"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"dCmax (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.95","variance":"","units":"nmol/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average skin concentrations in Figs. 3 and S5"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"dCmax (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.39","variance":"","units":"nmol/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average skin concentrations in Figs. 3 and S5"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"AUC","detail":"netAUC0-16h (baseline-subtracted)","value":"-0.30","variance":"± 0.30 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Mean ± SE by Bailer's method"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"AUC","detail":"netAUC0-16h (baseline-subtracted)","value":"-0.52","variance":"± 0.27 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Mean ± SE by Bailer's method"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"dCmax (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.08","variance":"","units":"nmol/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average skin concentrations in Figs. 3 and S5"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"dCmax (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.04","variance":"","units":"nmol/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average skin concentrations in Figs. 3 and S5"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"AUC","detail":"netAUC0-16h (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.89","variance":"± 2.91 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Mean ± SE by Bailer's method"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"AUC","detail":"netAUC0-16h (baseline-subtracted)","value":"-3.84","variance":"± 2.60 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Mean ± SE by Bailer's method"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"dCmax (baseline-subtracted)","value":"1.17","variance":"","units":"nmol/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average skin concentrations in Figs. 3 and S5"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"dCmax (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.00","variance":"","units":"nmol/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average skin concentrations in Figs. 3 and S5"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"AUC","detail":"netAUC0-16h (baseline-subtracted)","value":"3.06","variance":"± 1.15 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Mean ± SE by Bailer's method"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"AUC","detail":"netAUC0-16h (baseline-subtracted)","value":"57.87","variance":"± 3.16 (SEM)","units":"nmol·h/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Mean ± SE by Bailer's method. Marker *** vs bovine (z-test)"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"dCmax (baseline-subtracted)","value":"0.42","variance":"","units":"nmol/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average skin concentrations in Figs. 3 and S5"},{"pmid":"42715523","species":"human","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 mg per mouse (1244 mg/kg weight-adjusted per authors)","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet day before","n":"5 per time point","analyte":"Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp","matrix":"mouse skin","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"dCmax (baseline-subtracted)","value":"6.36","variance":"","units":"nmol/g","location":"Table 5","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Derived from average skin concentrations in Figs. 3 and S5"},{"pmid":"19661700","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"synthetic Hyp-containing peptide","forms":[],"dose":"1 ml of 20 mM (as Hyp); 5 mg/ml/rat","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"3","analyte":"Pro-Hyp (intact, LC-MS/MS)","matrix":"portal vein perfusate","parameter":"fractional_absorption","detail":"absorption ratio of Hyp (% recovery of Hyp to total Hyp injected)","value":"6","variance":"","units":"%","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 footnote 2: percentage recovery of Hyp to total Hyp injected"},{"pmid":"19661700","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"synthetic Hyp-containing peptide","forms":[],"dose":"1 ml of 20 mM (as Hyp); 5 mg/ml/rat","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"3","analyte":"Hyp-Gly (intact, LC-MS/MS)","matrix":"portal vein perfusate","parameter":"fractional_absorption","detail":"absorption ratio of Hyp (% recovery of Hyp to total Hyp injected)","value":"36","variance":"","units":"%","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 footnote 2: percentage recovery of Hyp to total Hyp injected"},{"pmid":"19661700","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"synthetic Hyp-containing peptide","forms":[],"dose":"1 ml of 20 mM (as Hyp); 5 mg/ml/rat","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"3","analyte":"Ser-Hyp (intact, LC-MS/MS)","matrix":"portal vein perfusate","parameter":"fractional_absorption","detail":"absorption ratio of Hyp (% recovery of Hyp to total Hyp injected)","value":"9","variance":"","units":"%","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 footnote 2: percentage recovery of Hyp to total Hyp injected"},{"pmid":"19661700","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"synthetic Hyp-containing peptide","forms":[],"dose":"1 ml of 20 mM (as Hyp); 5 mg/ml/rat","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"3","analyte":"Ala-Hyp (intact, LC-MS/MS)","matrix":"portal vein perfusate","parameter":"fractional_absorption","detail":"absorption ratio of Hyp (% recovery of Hyp to total Hyp injected)","value":"3","variance":"","units":"%","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 footnote 2: percentage recovery of Hyp to total Hyp injected"},{"pmid":"19661700","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"synthetic Hyp-containing peptide","forms":[],"dose":"1 ml of 20 mM (as Hyp); 5 mg/ml/rat","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"3","analyte":"Pro-Hyp (intact, LC-MS/MS)","matrix":"portal vein perfusate","parameter":"fractional_absorption","detail":"absorption ratio of Hyp (% recovery of Hyp to total Hyp injected)","value":"2","variance":"","units":"%","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 footnote 2: percentage recovery of Hyp to total Hyp injected"},{"pmid":"19661700","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"synthetic Hyp-containing peptide","forms":[],"dose":"1 ml of 20 mM (as Hyp); 5 mg/ml/rat","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"3","analyte":"Hyp-Gly (intact, LC-MS/MS)","matrix":"portal vein perfusate","parameter":"fractional_absorption","detail":"absorption ratio of Hyp (% recovery of Hyp to total Hyp injected)","value":"ND","variance":"","units":"%","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 footnote 2: percentage recovery of Hyp to total Hyp injected"},{"pmid":"19661700","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"synthetic Hyp-containing peptide","forms":[],"dose":"1 ml of 20 mM (as Hyp); 5 mg/ml/rat","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"3","analyte":"(Pro-Hyp-Gly)5 intact (intact, LC-MS/MS)","matrix":"portal vein perfusate","parameter":"fractional_absorption","detail":"absorption ratio of Hyp (% recovery of Hyp to total Hyp injected)","value":"0.002","variance":"","units":"%","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 footnote 2: percentage recovery of Hyp to total Hyp injected; footnote 4 on (Pro-Hyp-Gly)5 value"},{"pmid":"19661700","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"synthetic Hyp-containing peptide","forms":[],"dose":"1 ml of 20 mM (as Hyp); 5 mg/ml/rat","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"3","analyte":"total Hyp","matrix":"portal vein perfusate","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum total Hyp concentration in perfusate, approx 20 min post-injection","value":"greater than 100","variance":"","units":"nmol/ml","location":"Results p.1743 (Fig. 1A text)","quote":"reached a maximum level of greater than 100 nmol/ml approximately 20 min post-injection","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"text description of Fig. 1 time course; value printed in text as 'greater than 100'"},{"pmid":"19661700","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"synthetic Hyp-containing peptide","forms":[],"dose":"1 ml of 20 mM (as Hyp); 5 mg/ml/rat","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"3","analyte":"total Hyp","matrix":"portal vein perfusate","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum total Hyp concentration in perfusate, approx 15 min","value":"150","variance":"","units":"nmol/ml","location":"Results p.1743 (Fig. 1B text)","quote":"reached a maximum of 150 nmol/ml after 15 min","quoteCheck":"supported","note":""},{"pmid":"19661700","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"synthetic Hyp-containing peptide","forms":[],"dose":"1 ml of 20 mM (as Hyp); 5 mg/ml/rat","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"3","analyte":"total Hyp","matrix":"portal vein perfusate","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum total Hyp concentration in perfusate, approx 10 min","value":"300","variance":"","units":"nmol/ml","location":"Results p.1743 (Fig. 1C text)","quote":"attaining a maximum level of 300 nmol/ml approximately 10 min post-injection","quoteCheck":"supported","note":""},{"pmid":"19661700","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"synthetic Hyp-containing peptide","forms":[],"dose":"1 ml of 20 mM (as Hyp); 5 mg/ml/rat","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"3","analyte":"total Hyp","matrix":"portal vein perfusate","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum total Hyp concentration in perfusate, approx 10 min","value":"200","variance":"","units":"nmol/ml","location":"Results p.1743 (Fig. 1D text)","quote":"reached a maximum level of 200 nmol/ml after approximately 10 minutes","quoteCheck":"supported","note":""},{"pmid":"19661700","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"synthetic Hyp-containing peptide","forms":[],"dose":"1 ml of 20 mM (as Hyp); 5 mg/ml/rat","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"3","analyte":"total Hyp","matrix":"portal vein perfusate","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum total Hyp concentration in perfusate","value":"237","variance":"","units":"nmol/ml","location":"Results p.1743 (Fig. 1E text)","quote":"The total Hyp content in the perfusate gradually increased and reached a maximum of 237 nmol/ml","quoteCheck":"supported","note":""},{"pmid":"19661700","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"","forms":[],"dose":"","doseBasis":"","fed":"","n":"","analyte":"free Hyp","matrix":"portal vein perfusate","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum free Hyp after intrajejunal injection of 1 ml of 19 mM L-Hyp (separate control, no arm in tables)","value":"400","variance":"","units":"nmol/ml","location":"Results p.1743 para 2","quote":"reached a maximum level of 400 nmol/ml after approximately 20 min (data not shown)","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"data not shown in paper; free L-Hyp control, not one of the listed peptide arms"},{"pmid":"25410396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Nile tilapia scale gelatin (NR (prepared in house))","forms":[],"dose":"4000 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"total Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC from zero to infinity per Methods","value":"557.84","variance":"± 22.58 (SD)","units":"h μg mL−1","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"superscript c (different letters = significantly different, P<0.05)"},{"pmid":"25410396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Nile tilapia scale gelatin (NR (prepared in house))","forms":[],"dose":"4000 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"total Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"57.11","variance":"± 8.18 (SD)","units":"μg mL−1","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"superscript c (different letters = significantly different, P<0.05)"},{"pmid":"25410396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Nile tilapia scale gelatin (NR (prepared in house))","forms":[],"dose":"4000 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"total Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"4.00","variance":"± 0.00 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"superscript a (different letters = significantly different, P<0.05); statistic type for Tmax not stated, mean as printed"},{"pmid":"25410396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"L-hydroxyproline (NR (prepared in house))","forms":[],"dose":"400 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"total Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC from zero to infinity per Methods","value":"752.63","variance":"± 16.10 (SD)","units":"h μg mL−1","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"superscript a (different letters = significantly different, P<0.05)"},{"pmid":"25410396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"L-hydroxyproline (NR (prepared in house))","forms":[],"dose":"400 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"total Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"172.54","variance":"± 25.18 (SD)","units":"μg mL−1","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"superscript b (different letters = significantly different, P<0.05)"},{"pmid":"25410396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"L-hydroxyproline (NR (prepared in house))","forms":[],"dose":"400 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"total Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"0.83","variance":"± 0.29 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"superscript b (different letters = significantly different, P<0.05); statistic type for Tmax not stated, mean as printed"},{"pmid":"25410396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"L-hydroxyproline (NR (prepared in house))","forms":[],"dose":"400 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"total Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC from zero to infinity per Methods","value":"648.84","variance":"± 39.02 (SD)","units":"h μg mL−1","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"superscript b (different letters = significantly different, P<0.05)"},{"pmid":"25410396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"L-hydroxyproline (NR (prepared in house))","forms":[],"dose":"400 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"total Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"230.34","variance":"± 10.57 (SD)","units":"μg mL−1","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"superscript a (different letters = significantly different, P<0.05)"},{"pmid":"25410396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"L-hydroxyproline (NR (prepared in house))","forms":[],"dose":"400 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"total Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"0.50","variance":"± 0.00 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"superscript c (different letters = significantly different, P<0.05); statistic type for Tmax not stated, mean as printed"},{"pmid":"25410396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Nile tilapia scale gelatin (NR (prepared in house))","forms":[],"dose":"4000 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"total Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"relative_bioavailability","detail":"Fr = [AUC]col Dcol / [AUC]i.g. Di.g. x 100 (Hyp in gelatin vs Hyp i.g.)","value":"74.12","variance":"","units":"%","location":"Abstract; Results p.2714","quote":"The relative and absolute bioavailability of gelatin were 74.12% and 85.97%, respectively.","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"no variance printed"},{"pmid":"25410396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Nile tilapia scale gelatin (NR (prepared in house))","forms":[],"dose":"4000 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"amino acid residues in gelatin absorbed as peptide","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"fractional_absorption","detail":"% of amino acid residues in gelatin absorbed in peptide form (from increase in free and peptide-bound amino acids)","value":"41.91","variance":"","units":"%","location":"Abstract; Results p.2714","quote":"41.91% of amino acid residues in gelatin were absorbed in the form of peptide","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"derived by the authors from Table 2; arm assumed to be gelatin group"},{"pmid":"25826015","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Nile tilapia skin collagen (about 300 kDa), dissolved in normal saline","forms":[],"dose":"4000 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"total Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC from zero to infinity per Methods","value":"436","variance":"± 54.2 (SD)","units":"h·μg/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"superscript c (different letters in a row = significantly different, P<0.05)"},{"pmid":"25826015","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Nile tilapia skin collagen (about 300 kDa), dissolved in normal saline","forms":[],"dose":"4000 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"total Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"40.4","variance":"± 5.46 (SD)","units":"μg/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"superscript c (different letters in a row = significantly different, P<0.05)"},{"pmid":"25826015","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Nile tilapia skin collagen (about 300 kDa), dissolved in normal saline","forms":[],"dose":"4000 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"total Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"2.00","variance":"± 0.00 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"superscript a (different letters in a row = significantly different, P<0.05); statistic type for Tmax not stated"},{"pmid":"25826015","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"L-hydroxyproline (Sigma)","forms":[],"dose":"400 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"total Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC from zero to infinity per Methods","value":"753","variance":"± 16.1 (SD)","units":"h·μg/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"superscript b (different letters in a row = significantly different, P<0.05)"},{"pmid":"25826015","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"L-hydroxyproline (Sigma)","forms":[],"dose":"400 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"total Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"173","variance":"± 25.2 (SD)","units":"μg/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"superscript b (different letters in a row = significantly different, P<0.05)"},{"pmid":"25826015","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"L-hydroxyproline (Sigma)","forms":[],"dose":"400 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"total Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"0.83","variance":"± 0.29 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"superscript b (different letters in a row = significantly different, P<0.05); statistic type for Tmax not stated"},{"pmid":"25826015","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"L-hydroxyproline (Sigma)","forms":[],"dose":"400 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"total Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC from zero to infinity per Methods","value":"877","variance":"± 42.8 (SD)","units":"h·μg/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"superscript a (different letters in a row = significantly different, P<0.05)"},{"pmid":"25826015","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"L-hydroxyproline (Sigma)","forms":[],"dose":"400 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"total Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"660","variance":"± 68.0 (SD)","units":"μg/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"superscript a (different letters in a row = significantly different, P<0.05)"},{"pmid":"25826015","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"L-hydroxyproline (Sigma)","forms":[],"dose":"400 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"total Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"0.08","variance":"± 0.00 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"superscript c (different letters in a row = significantly different, P<0.05); statistic type for Tmax not stated"},{"pmid":"25826015","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Nile tilapia skin collagen (about 300 kDa), dissolved in normal saline","forms":[],"dose":"4000 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"total Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"relative_bioavailability","detail":"Fr = [AUC]col Dcol / [AUC]i.g. Di.g. x 100","value":"57.8","variance":"","units":"%","location":"Abstract; Results p.3753","quote":"The relative and absolute bioavailability of collagen were 57.8% and 49.6%, respectively","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"no variance printed"},{"pmid":"25826015","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Nile tilapia skin collagen (about 300 kDa), dissolved in normal saline","forms":[],"dose":"4000 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"amino acid residues in collagen absorbed as peptide","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"fractional_absorption","detail":"% of amino acid residues in collagen absorbed as peptide, from increase in peptide-bound vs total amino acid","value":"63.4","variance":"","units":"%","location":"Abstract; Results p.3754","quote":"more than 63.4% of the amino acid residues in collagen were absorbed in the form of a peptide","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"printed as 'more than 63.4%' in text and 'more than 63.4%' in abstract"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100, porcine skin collagen digested with collagenase-type protease); tripeptide content >=90%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34%, Gly-Pro-Ala 15%, Gly-Ala-Hyp 4%, mean MW about 300 (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR for this experiment (solid food and water freely available during housing)","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum plasma concentration","value":"30.00","variance":"± 0.00 (NR)","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100, porcine skin collagen digested with collagenase-type protease); tripeptide content >=90%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34%, Gly-Pro-Ala 15%, Gly-Ala-Hyp 4%, mean MW about 300 (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR for this experiment (solid food and water freely available during housing)","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma concentration","value":"134.61","variance":"± 38.37 (NR)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100, porcine skin collagen digested with collagenase-type protease); tripeptide content >=90%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34%, Gly-Pro-Ala 15%, Gly-Ala-Hyp 4%, mean MW about 300 (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR for this experiment (solid food and water freely available during housing)","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-240 min (as headed)","value":"164.81","variance":"± 41.94 (NR)","units":"min nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL; unit from Table 1 title/text, column header gives no unit"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100) (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum plasma concentration","value":"16.67","variance":"± 11.55 (NR)","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100) (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma concentration","value":"133.25","variance":"± 9.05 (NR)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100) (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-240 min (as headed)","value":"129.81","variance":"± 19.65 (NR)","units":"min nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL; unit from Table 1 title/text, column header gives no unit"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100, porcine skin collagen digested with collagenase-type protease); tripeptide content >=90%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34%, Gly-Pro-Ala 15%, Gly-Ala-Hyp 4%, mean MW about 300 (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR for this experiment (solid food and water freely available during housing)","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum plasma concentration","value":"80.00","variance":"± 34.64 (NR)","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100, porcine skin collagen digested with collagenase-type protease); tripeptide content >=90%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34%, Gly-Pro-Ala 15%, Gly-Ala-Hyp 4%, mean MW about 300 (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR for this experiment (solid food and water freely available during housing)","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma concentration","value":"0.13","variance":"± 0.02 (NR)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100, porcine skin collagen digested with collagenase-type protease); tripeptide content >=90%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34%, Gly-Pro-Ala 15%, Gly-Ala-Hyp 4%, mean MW about 300 (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR for this experiment (solid food and water freely available during housing)","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-240 min (as headed)","value":"0.21","variance":"± 0.02 (NR)","units":"min nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL; unit from Table 1 title/text, column header gives no unit"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100) (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum plasma concentration","value":"40.00","variance":"± 17.32 (NR)","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100) (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma concentration","value":"0.12","variance":"± 0.00 (NR)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100) (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-240 min (as headed)","value":"0.18","variance":"± 0.02 (NR)","units":"min nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL; unit from Table 1 title/text, column header gives no unit"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100, porcine skin collagen digested with collagenase-type protease); tripeptide content >=90%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34%, Gly-Pro-Ala 15%, Gly-Ala-Hyp 4%, mean MW about 300 (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR for this experiment (solid food and water freely available during housing)","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum plasma concentration","value":"100.00","variance":"± 34.64 (NR)","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100, porcine skin collagen digested with collagenase-type protease); tripeptide content >=90%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34%, Gly-Pro-Ala 15%, Gly-Ala-Hyp 4%, mean MW about 300 (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR for this experiment (solid food and water freely available during housing)","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma concentration","value":"0.05","variance":"± 0.01 (NR)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100, porcine skin collagen digested with collagenase-type protease); tripeptide content >=90%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34%, Gly-Pro-Ala 15%, Gly-Ala-Hyp 4%, mean MW about 300 (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR for this experiment (solid food and water freely available during housing)","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-240 min (as headed)","value":"0.07","variance":"± 0.01 (NR)","units":"min nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL; unit from Table 1 title/text, column header gives no unit"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100) (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum plasma concentration","value":"40.00","variance":"± 17.32 (NR)","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100) (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma concentration","value":"0.04","variance":"± 0.00 (NR)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100) (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-240 min (as headed)","value":"0.07","variance":"± 0.01 (NR)","units":"min nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL; unit from Table 1 title/text, column header gives no unit"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100, porcine skin collagen digested with collagenase-type protease); tripeptide content >=90%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34%, Gly-Pro-Ala 15%, Gly-Ala-Hyp 4%, mean MW about 300 (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR for this experiment (solid food and water freely available during housing)","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum plasma concentration","value":"30.00","variance":"± 0.00 (NR)","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100, porcine skin collagen digested with collagenase-type protease); tripeptide content >=90%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34%, Gly-Pro-Ala 15%, Gly-Ala-Hyp 4%, mean MW about 300 (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR for this experiment (solid food and water freely available during housing)","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma concentration","value":"207.96","variance":"± 35.57 (NR)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100, porcine skin collagen digested with collagenase-type protease); tripeptide content >=90%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34%, Gly-Pro-Ala 15%, Gly-Ala-Hyp 4%, mean MW about 300 (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR for this experiment (solid food and water freely available during housing)","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-240 min (as headed)","value":"289.21","variance":"± 30.14 (NR)","units":"min nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL; unit from Table 1 title/text, column header gives no unit"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100) (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum plasma concentration","value":"30.00","variance":"± 0.00 (NR)","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100) (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma concentration","value":"202.85","variance":"± 20.91 (NR)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100) (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-240 min (as headed)","value":"255.20","variance":"± 37.60 (NR)","units":"min nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL; unit from Table 1 title/text, column header gives no unit"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100, porcine skin collagen digested with collagenase-type protease); tripeptide content >=90%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34%, Gly-Pro-Ala 15%, Gly-Ala-Hyp 4%, mean MW about 300 (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR for this experiment (solid food and water freely available during housing)","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum plasma concentration","value":"30.00","variance":"± 0.00 (NR)","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100, porcine skin collagen digested with collagenase-type protease); tripeptide content >=90%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34%, Gly-Pro-Ala 15%, Gly-Ala-Hyp 4%, mean MW about 300 (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR for this experiment (solid food and water freely available during housing)","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma concentration","value":"17.42","variance":"± 2.17 (NR)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100, porcine skin collagen digested with collagenase-type protease); tripeptide content >=90%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34%, Gly-Pro-Ala 15%, Gly-Ala-Hyp 4%, mean MW about 300 (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR for this experiment (solid food and water freely available during housing)","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-240 min (as headed)","value":"21.55","variance":"± 0.92 (NR)","units":"min nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL; unit from Table 1 title/text, column header gives no unit"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100) (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum plasma concentration","value":"10.00","variance":"± 0.00 (NR)","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL; * p<0.05 vs peroral Tmax of Gly-Pro"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100) (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma concentration","value":"20.74","variance":"± 2.34 (NR)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100) (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-240 min (as headed)","value":"19.83","variance":"± 2.46 (NR)","units":"min nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL; unit from Table 1 title/text, column header gives no unit"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100, porcine skin collagen digested with collagenase-type protease); tripeptide content >=90%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34%, Gly-Pro-Ala 15%, Gly-Ala-Hyp 4%, mean MW about 300 (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR for this experiment (solid food and water freely available during housing)","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum plasma concentration","value":"10.00","variance":"± 0.00 (NR)","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100, porcine skin collagen digested with collagenase-type protease); tripeptide content >=90%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34%, Gly-Pro-Ala 15%, Gly-Ala-Hyp 4%, mean MW about 300 (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR for this experiment (solid food and water freely available during housing)","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma concentration","value":"0.92","variance":"± 0.26 (NR)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100, porcine skin collagen digested with collagenase-type protease); tripeptide content >=90%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34%, Gly-Pro-Ala 15%, Gly-Ala-Hyp 4%, mean MW about 300 (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR for this experiment (solid food and water freely available during housing)","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-240 min (as headed)","value":"0.78","variance":"± 0.09 (NR)","units":"min nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL; unit from Table 1 title/text, column header gives no unit"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100) (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum plasma concentration","value":"10.00","variance":"± 0.00 (NR)","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100) (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma concentration","value":"0.90","variance":"± 0.23 (NR)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100) (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-240 min (as headed)","value":"0.51","variance":"± 0.19 (NR)","units":"min nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL; unit from Table 1 title/text, column header gives no unit"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100, porcine skin collagen digested with collagenase-type protease); tripeptide content >=90%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34%, Gly-Pro-Ala 15%, Gly-Ala-Hyp 4%, mean MW about 300 (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR for this experiment (solid food and water freely available during housing)","n":"5","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum plasma concentration","value":"23.33","variance":"± 11.55 (NR)","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100, porcine skin collagen digested with collagenase-type protease); tripeptide content >=90%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34%, Gly-Pro-Ala 15%, Gly-Ala-Hyp 4%, mean MW about 300 (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR for this experiment (solid food and water freely available during housing)","n":"5","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma concentration","value":"2.41","variance":"± 0.75 (NR)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100, porcine skin collagen digested with collagenase-type protease); tripeptide content >=90%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34%, Gly-Pro-Ala 15%, Gly-Ala-Hyp 4%, mean MW about 300 (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR for this experiment (solid food and water freely available during housing)","n":"5","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-240 min (as headed)","value":"1.96","variance":"± 0.38 (NR)","units":"min nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL; unit from Table 1 title/text, column header gives no unit"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100) (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum plasma concentration","value":"10.00","variance":"± 0.00 (NR)","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100) (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma concentration","value":"3.28","variance":"± 0.99 (NR)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100) (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-240 min (as headed)","value":"1.87","variance":"± 0.40 (NR)","units":"min nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL; unit from Table 1 title/text, column header gives no unit"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100, porcine skin collagen digested with collagenase-type protease); tripeptide content >=90%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34%, Gly-Pro-Ala 15%, Gly-Ala-Hyp 4%, mean MW about 300 (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR for this experiment (solid food and water freely available during housing)","n":"5","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum plasma concentration","value":"30.00","variance":"± 0.00 (NR)","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100, porcine skin collagen digested with collagenase-type protease); tripeptide content >=90%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34%, Gly-Pro-Ala 15%, Gly-Ala-Hyp 4%, mean MW about 300 (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR for this experiment (solid food and water freely available during housing)","n":"5","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma concentration","value":"0.08","variance":"± 0.00 (NR)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100, porcine skin collagen digested with collagenase-type protease); tripeptide content >=90%; Gly-Pro-Hyp 34%, Gly-Pro-Ala 15%, Gly-Ala-Hyp 4%, mean MW about 300 (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR for this experiment (solid food and water freely available during housing)","n":"5","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-240 min (as headed)","value":"0.14","variance":"± 0.00 (NR)","units":"min nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL; unit from Table 1 title/text, column header gives no unit"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100) (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of maximum plasma concentration","value":"16.67","variance":"± 11.55 (NR)","units":"min","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100) (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"maximum plasma concentration","value":"0.08","variance":"± 0.00 (NR)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL"},{"pmid":"26155906","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"collagen tripeptide (CTP-100) (CTP-100 (Jellice Co., Ltd.))","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"446 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-240 min (as headed)","value":"0.11","variance":"± 0.01 (NR)","units":"min nmol/mL","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 1: variance type not stated (Fig. 1 legend says mean +/- standard error, n = 5); AUC column headed AUC0-240 min although sampling ended at 120 min; AUC unit given in text as min nmol/mL; unit from Table 1 title/text, column header gives no unit"},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gelatin hydrolysate, pepsin and trypsin/chymotrypsin-degraded","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"231.62","variance":"± 53.66 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"n=6 per Fig. 4 legend; Table 2 itself does not state n"},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded high molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 50:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"286.09","variance":"± 28.98 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded low molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 10:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"302.89","variance":"± 33.48 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gelatin hydrolysate, pepsin and trypsin/chymotrypsin-degraded","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.53","variance":"± 0.05 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded high molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 50:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.61","variance":"± 0.18 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded low molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 10:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.55","variance":"± 0.14 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gelatin hydrolysate, pepsin and trypsin/chymotrypsin-degraded","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.10","variance":"± 0.02 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded high molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 50:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.11","variance":"± 0.03 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded low molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 10:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.12","variance":"± 0.03 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gelatin hydrolysate, pepsin and trypsin/chymotrypsin-degraded","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.50","variance":"± 0.05 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded high molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 50:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.57","variance":"± 0.12 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded low molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 10:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.62","variance":"± 0.22 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gelatin hydrolysate, pepsin and trypsin/chymotrypsin-degraded","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Glu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"1.02","variance":"± 0.19 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded high molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 50:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Glu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"1.02","variance":"± 0.22 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded low molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 10:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Glu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"1.30","variance":"± 0.33 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gelatin hydrolysate, pepsin and trypsin/chymotrypsin-degraded","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Ile-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.23","variance":"± 0.03 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded high molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 50:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Ile-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.28","variance":"± 0.06 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded low molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 10:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Ile-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.29","variance":"± 0.10 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gelatin hydrolysate, pepsin and trypsin/chymotrypsin-degraded","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.79","variance":"± 0.09 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded high molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 50:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.89","variance":"± 0.16 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded low molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 10:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"1.03","variance":"± 0.36 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gelatin hydrolysate, pepsin and trypsin/chymotrypsin-degraded","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Phe-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.59","variance":"± 0.12 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded high molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 50:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Phe-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.78","variance":"± 0.14 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded low molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 10:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Phe-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.86","variance":"± 0.35 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gelatin hydrolysate, pepsin and trypsin/chymotrypsin-degraded","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"5.43","variance":"± 1.36 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded high molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 50:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"7.07","variance":"± 1.71 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded low molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 10:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"9.18","variance":"± 3.52 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gelatin hydrolysate, pepsin and trypsin/chymotrypsin-degraded","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Ser-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.39","variance":"± 0.04 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded high molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 50:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Ser-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.43","variance":"± 0.07 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded low molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 10:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Ser-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.49","variance":"± 0.14 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gelatin hydrolysate, pepsin and trypsin/chymotrypsin-degraded","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"1.19","variance":"± 0.23 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded high molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 50:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"1.55","variance":"± 0.58 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded low molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 10:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"2.57","variance":"± 0.69 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gelatin hydrolysate, pepsin and trypsin/chymotrypsin-degraded","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.05","variance":"± 0.01 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded high molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 50:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.06","variance":"± 0.03 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded low molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 10:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Ala","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.06","variance":"± 0.01 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gelatin hydrolysate, pepsin and trypsin/chymotrypsin-degraded","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.81","variance":"± 0.19 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded high molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 50:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.95","variance":"± 0.27 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded low molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 10:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"1.17","variance":"± 0.35 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gelatin hydrolysate, pepsin and trypsin/chymotrypsin-degraded","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Val","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.06","variance":"± 0.01 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded high molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 50:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Val","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.06","variance":"± 0.01 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded low molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 10:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Val","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.06","variance":"± 0.01 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gelatin hydrolysate, pepsin and trypsin/chymotrypsin-degraded","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.53","variance":"± 0.12 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded high molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 50:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.66","variance":"± 0.15 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded low molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 10:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"1.02","variance":"± 0.51 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gelatin hydrolysate, pepsin and trypsin/chymotrypsin-degraded","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Glu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.66","variance":"± 0.19 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded high molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 50:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Glu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.75","variance":"± 0.23 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded low molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 10:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Glu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"1.51","variance":"± 0.78 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gelatin hydrolysate, pepsin and trypsin/chymotrypsin-degraded","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Leu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.05","variance":"± 0.01 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded high molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 50:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Leu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.08","variance":"± 0.05 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded low molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 10:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Leu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.09","variance":"± 0.03 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gelatin hydrolysate, pepsin and trypsin/chymotrypsin-degraded","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Phe-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.11","variance":"± 0.01 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded high molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 50:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Phe-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.16","variance":"± 0.05 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded low molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 10:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Phe-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.18","variance":"± 0.04 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gelatin hydrolysate, pepsin and trypsin/chymotrypsin-degraded","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.94","variance":"± 0.11 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded high molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 50:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"1.43","variance":"± 0.54 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded low molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 10:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"1.70","variance":"± 0.30 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gelatin hydrolysate, pepsin and trypsin/chymotrypsin-degraded","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.62","variance":"± 0.14 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded high molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 50:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.89","variance":"± 0.26 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded low molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 10:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"1.17","variance":"± 0.54 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gelatin hydrolysate, pepsin and trypsin/chymotrypsin-degraded","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Thr-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.01","variance":"± 0.00 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded high molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 50:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Thr-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.02","variance":"± 0.00 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded low molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 10:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Thr-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.02","variance":"± 0.01 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gelatin hydrolysate, pepsin and trypsin/chymotrypsin-degraded","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.35","variance":"± 0.07 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded high molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 50:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.46","variance":"± 0.18 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"26978646","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Ginger-degraded low molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate (gelatin:ginger powder 10:1 w/w)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"20 mg in 500 µL water","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h (trapezoidal rule)","value":"0.50","variance":"± 0.14 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL·h","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"27573716","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Collagen peptide from fish scales by random Alcalase digestion","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"500 mg/kg (5 mL/kg in distilled water)","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"31.02","variance":"± 15.96 (SD)","units":"µg·min/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"27573716","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Collagen peptide from fish scales by random Alcalase digestion","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"500 mg/kg (5 mL/kg in distilled water)","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.1099","variance":"± 0.0546 (SD)","units":"µg/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"27573716","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Collagen peptide from fish scales by random Alcalase digestion","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"500 mg/kg (5 mL/kg in distilled water)","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"median (range) in min","value":"37.5","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Median (range) per table footnote; p-value for Tmax not given (text: Tmax values comparable among groups)"},{"pmid":"27573716","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Collagen tripeptide from fish scales by Bacillus collagenase","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"500 mg/kg (5 mL/kg in distilled water)","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"79.34","variance":"± 41.18 (SD)","units":"µg·min/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"27573716","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Collagen tripeptide from fish scales by Bacillus collagenase","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"500 mg/kg (5 mL/kg in distilled water)","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"1.658","variance":"± 1.786 (SD)","units":"µg/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"27573716","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Collagen tripeptide from fish scales by Bacillus collagenase","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"500 mg/kg (5 mL/kg in distilled water)","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"median (range) in min","value":"30","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Median (range) per table footnote; p-value for Tmax not given (text: Tmax values comparable among groups)"},{"pmid":"27573716","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"CTP-L further purified (activated carbon, ion exchange, microfiltration)","forms":[],"dose":"500 mg/kg (5 mL/kg in distilled water)","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"365.8","variance":"± 101.8 (SD)","units":"µg·min/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"27573716","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"CTP-L further purified (activated carbon, ion exchange, microfiltration)","forms":[],"dose":"500 mg/kg (5 mL/kg in distilled water)","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"8.658","variance":"± 3.908 (SD)","units":"µg/mL","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"27573716","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"CTP-L further purified (activated carbon, ion exchange, microfiltration)","forms":[],"dose":"500 mg/kg (5 mL/kg in distilled water)","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"median (range) in min","value":"15","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Median (range) per table footnote; p-value for Tmax not given (text: Tmax values comparable among groups)"},{"pmid":"27573716","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Collagen peptide from fish scales by random Alcalase digestion","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"500 mg/kg (5 mL/kg in distilled water)","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"122.9","variance":"± 17.36 (SD)","units":"µg·min/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"27573716","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Collagen peptide from fish scales by random Alcalase digestion","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"500 mg/kg (5 mL/kg in distilled water)","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.5851","variance":"± 0.0817 (SD)","units":"µg/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"27573716","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Collagen peptide from fish scales by random Alcalase digestion","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"500 mg/kg (5 mL/kg in distilled water)","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"median (range) in min","value":"60","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Median (range) per table footnote; p-value for Tmax not given (text: Tmax values comparable among groups)"},{"pmid":"27573716","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Collagen tripeptide from fish scales by Bacillus collagenase","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"500 mg/kg (5 mL/kg in distilled water)","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"181.9","variance":"± 55.62 (SD)","units":"µg·min/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"27573716","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Collagen tripeptide from fish scales by Bacillus collagenase","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"500 mg/kg (5 mL/kg in distilled water)","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"2.151","variance":"± 1.299 (SD)","units":"µg/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"27573716","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Collagen tripeptide from fish scales by Bacillus collagenase","forms":["tripeptide"],"dose":"500 mg/kg (5 mL/kg in distilled water)","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"6","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"median (range) in min","value":"30","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Median (range) per table footnote; p-value for Tmax not given (text: Tmax values comparable among groups)"},{"pmid":"27573716","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"CTP-L further purified (activated carbon, ion exchange, microfiltration)","forms":[],"dose":"500 mg/kg (5 mL/kg in distilled water)","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"411.9","variance":"± 169.9 (SD)","units":"µg·min/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"27573716","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"CTP-L further purified (activated carbon, ion exchange, microfiltration)","forms":[],"dose":"500 mg/kg (5 mL/kg in distilled water)","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"8.236","variance":"± 6.158 (SD)","units":"µg/mL","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"27573716","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"CTP-L further purified (activated carbon, ion exchange, microfiltration)","forms":[],"dose":"500 mg/kg (5 mL/kg in distilled water)","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted overnight","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"median (range) in min","value":"30","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 3","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Median (range) per table footnote; p-value for Tmax not given (text: Tmax values comparable among groups)"},{"pmid":"28988478","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Mixture: Ala-Hyp, Pro-Hyp, Hyp-Gly, cyclo(Ala-Hyp), cyclo(Leu-Hyp), cyclo(Gly-Pro)","forms":[],"dose":"100 µg each","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet AIN-93M from the day before; fasting NR","n":"5","analyte":"Ala-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"0.070","variance":"± 0.008 (SD)","units":"µg mL−1 h−1","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Printed unit 'μg mL−1 h−1' (µg·h/mL); statistic 'mean' per table footnote"},{"pmid":"28988478","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Mixture: Ala-Hyp, Pro-Hyp, Hyp-Gly, cyclo(Ala-Hyp), cyclo(Leu-Hyp), cyclo(Gly-Pro)","forms":[],"dose":"100 µg each","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet AIN-93M from the day before; fasting NR","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"0.431","variance":"± 0.089 (SD)","units":"µg mL−1 h−1","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Printed unit 'μg mL−1 h−1' (µg·h/mL); statistic 'mean' per table footnote"},{"pmid":"28988478","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Mixture: Ala-Hyp, Pro-Hyp, Hyp-Gly, cyclo(Ala-Hyp), cyclo(Leu-Hyp), cyclo(Gly-Pro)","forms":[],"dose":"100 µg each","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet AIN-93M from the day before; fasting NR","n":"5","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"0.069","variance":"± 0.021 (SD)","units":"µg mL−1 h−1","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Printed unit 'μg mL−1 h−1' (µg·h/mL); statistic 'mean' per table footnote"},{"pmid":"28988478","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Mixture: Ala-Hyp, Pro-Hyp, Hyp-Gly, cyclo(Ala-Hyp), cyclo(Leu-Hyp), cyclo(Gly-Pro)","forms":[],"dose":"100 µg each","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet AIN-93M from the day before; fasting NR","n":"5","analyte":"cyclo(Ala-Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"2.350","variance":"± 0.524 (SD)","units":"µg mL−1 h−1","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Printed unit 'μg mL−1 h−1' (µg·h/mL); statistic 'mean' per table footnote"},{"pmid":"28988478","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Mixture: Ala-Hyp, Pro-Hyp, Hyp-Gly, cyclo(Ala-Hyp), cyclo(Leu-Hyp), cyclo(Gly-Pro)","forms":[],"dose":"100 µg each","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet AIN-93M from the day before; fasting NR","n":"5","analyte":"cyclo(Leu-Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"3.206","variance":"± 1.128 (SD)","units":"µg mL−1 h−1","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Printed unit 'μg mL−1 h−1' (µg·h/mL); statistic 'mean' per table footnote"},{"pmid":"28988478","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Mixture: Ala-Hyp, Pro-Hyp, Hyp-Gly, cyclo(Ala-Hyp), cyclo(Leu-Hyp), cyclo(Gly-Pro)","forms":[],"dose":"100 µg each","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet AIN-93M from the day before; fasting NR","n":"5","analyte":"cyclo(Gly-Pro)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"2.672","variance":"± 0.870 (SD)","units":"µg mL−1 h−1","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Printed unit 'μg mL−1 h−1' (µg·h/mL); statistic 'mean' per table footnote"},{"pmid":"28988478","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Mixture: Gly-Ala-Hyp, Gly-Pro-Ala, Gly-Pro-Hyp, Ala-Hyp-Gly, Pro-Hyp-Gly, cyclo(Ala-Hyp)","forms":[],"dose":"100 µg each","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet AIN-93M from the day before; fasting NR","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"0.196","variance":"± 0.036 (SD)","units":"µg mL−1 h−1","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Printed unit 'μg mL−1 h−1' (µg·h/mL); statistic 'mean' per table footnote"},{"pmid":"28988478","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Mixture: Gly-Ala-Hyp, Gly-Pro-Ala, Gly-Pro-Hyp, Ala-Hyp-Gly, Pro-Hyp-Gly, cyclo(Ala-Hyp)","forms":[],"dose":"100 µg each","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet AIN-93M from the day before; fasting NR","n":"5","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"0.065","variance":"± 0.015 (SD)","units":"µg mL−1 h−1","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Printed unit 'μg mL−1 h−1' (µg·h/mL); statistic 'mean' per table footnote"},{"pmid":"28988478","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Mixture: Gly-Ala-Hyp, Gly-Pro-Ala, Gly-Pro-Hyp, Ala-Hyp-Gly, Pro-Hyp-Gly, cyclo(Ala-Hyp)","forms":[],"dose":"100 µg each","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet AIN-93M from the day before; fasting NR","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"0.184","variance":"± 0.032 (SD)","units":"µg mL−1 h−1","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Printed unit 'μg mL−1 h−1' (µg·h/mL); statistic 'mean' per table footnote"},{"pmid":"28988478","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Mixture: Gly-Ala-Hyp, Gly-Pro-Ala, Gly-Pro-Hyp, Ala-Hyp-Gly, Pro-Hyp-Gly, cyclo(Ala-Hyp)","forms":[],"dose":"100 µg each","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet AIN-93M from the day before; fasting NR","n":"5","analyte":"cyclo(Ala-Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-6h","value":"2.036","variance":"± 0.157 (SD)","units":"µg mL−1 h−1","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Printed unit 'μg mL−1 h−1' (µg·h/mL); statistic 'mean' per table footnote"},{"pmid":"28988478","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Mixture: Ala-Hyp, Pro-Hyp, Hyp-Gly, cyclo(Ala-Hyp), cyclo(Leu-Hyp), cyclo(Gly-Pro)","forms":[],"dose":"100 µg each","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet AIN-93M from the day before; fasting NR","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.118","variance":"","units":"µg/mL","location":"Results p.6","quote":"Pro-Hyp showed the highest maximum plasma concentration (Cmax, 0.118 μg/mL)","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Highest Cmax among the oligopeptides; Cmax for other oligopeptides not given; group not stated explicitly (Pro-Hyp is in group 1)"},{"pmid":"28988478","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Mixture: Ala-Hyp, Pro-Hyp, Hyp-Gly, cyclo(Ala-Hyp), cyclo(Leu-Hyp), cyclo(Gly-Pro)","forms":[],"dose":"100 µg each","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet AIN-93M from the day before; fasting NR","n":"5","analyte":"cyclo(Ala-Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.748","variance":"","units":"µg/mL","location":"Results p.6","quote":"cyclic dipeptides showed higher values of Cmax [0.748 and 0.626 μg/mL for cyclo(Ala-Hyp) and 1.495 μg/mL for cyclo(Leu-Hyp)]","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Text gives two cyclo(Ala-Hyp) Cmax values (0.748 and 0.626 µg/mL) without stating which group; assigned in printed order to group 1 then group 2 is an assumption -- verify"},{"pmid":"28988478","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Mixture: Gly-Ala-Hyp, Gly-Pro-Ala, Gly-Pro-Hyp, Ala-Hyp-Gly, Pro-Hyp-Gly, cyclo(Ala-Hyp)","forms":[],"dose":"100 µg each","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet AIN-93M from the day before; fasting NR","n":"5","analyte":"cyclo(Ala-Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.626","variance":"","units":"µg/mL","location":"Results p.6","quote":"cyclic dipeptides showed higher values of Cmax [0.748 and 0.626 μg/mL for cyclo(Ala-Hyp) and 1.495 μg/mL for cyclo(Leu-Hyp)]","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"See note on 0.748; group assignment not stated in text"},{"pmid":"28988478","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Mixture: Ala-Hyp, Pro-Hyp, Hyp-Gly, cyclo(Ala-Hyp), cyclo(Leu-Hyp), cyclo(Gly-Pro)","forms":[],"dose":"100 µg each","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"collagen-free diet AIN-93M from the day before; fasting NR","n":"5","analyte":"cyclo(Leu-Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"1.495","variance":"","units":"µg/mL","location":"Results p.6","quote":"1.495 μg/mL for cyclo(Leu-Hyp)","quoteCheck":"supported","note":""},{"pmid":"30739561","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Collagen peptide NS (fish scale, fungal protease hydrolysate) (CPNS (Nong Shim))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"1000 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR (ad libitum access to food and water)","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"16.3","variance":"± 2.14 (SD)","units":"nmol/mL","location":"Results p.6","quote":"The Cmax of Pro-Hyp exceeded 16.3 ± 2.14 nmol/mL.","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Printed as 'exceeded 16.3 ± 2.14 nmol/mL'; Tmax stated qualitatively as within 30 min"},{"pmid":"30739561","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Collagen peptide NS (fish scale, fungal protease hydrolysate) (CPNS (Nong Shim))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"1000 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR (ad libitum access to food and water)","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC0-180min (range inferred from sampling; not stated)","value":"1,619.18","variance":"± 271.62 (SD)","units":"min∙nmol/mL","location":"Results p.6","quote":"AUC for Pro-Hyp (1,619.18 ± 271.62 min∙nmol/mL) was the highest compared to the other peptides","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"AUC interval not stated explicitly in the text"},{"pmid":"30739561","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Collagen peptide NS (fish scale, fungal protease hydrolysate) (CPNS (Nong Shim))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"1000 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR (ad libitum access to food and water)","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (interval not stated)","value":"240.28","variance":"± 24.46 (SD)","units":"min-nmol/mL","location":"Results p.6","quote":"Gly-Pro and Gly-Pro-Hyp (240.28 ± 24.46 and 98.41 ± 13.58 min-nmol/mL, respectively)","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Printed unit 'min-nmol/mL'"},{"pmid":"30739561","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Collagen peptide NS (fish scale, fungal protease hydrolysate) (CPNS (Nong Shim))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"1000 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR (ad libitum access to food and water)","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC (interval not stated)","value":"98.41","variance":"± 13.58 (SD)","units":"min-nmol/mL","location":"Results p.6","quote":"Gly-Pro and Gly-Pro-Hyp (240.28 ± 24.46 and 98.41 ± 13.58 min-nmol/mL, respectively)","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Text also says Gly-Pro-Hyp concentration 'did not significantly increase' through 180 min"},{"pmid":"30739561","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Collagen peptide NS (fish scale, fungal protease hydrolysate) (CPNS (Nong Shim))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"1000 mg/kg","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR (ad libitum access to food and water)","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"30","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Discussion p.7","quote":"the time to reach maximal concentration (Tmax) of Gly-Pro was rapid (30 min)","quoteCheck":"supported","note":""},{"pmid":"34448624","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Zinc sulfate (Zhejiang Deyer Pharmaceutical)","forms":[],"dose":"20 mg Zn/kg bw","doseBasis":"elemental","fed":"NR","n":"10","analyte":"Zn","matrix":"feces/intake","parameter":"apparent_absorption","detail":"Zn apparent absorption rate [(intake - fecal)/intake x 100]","value":"57.96","variance":"± 1.43 (SD)","units":"%","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"34448624","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Zinc gluconate (Harbin Pharmaceutical Group)","forms":[],"dose":"70 mg Zn/kg bw","doseBasis":"elemental","fed":"NR","n":"10","analyte":"Zn","matrix":"feces/intake","parameter":"apparent_absorption","detail":"Zn apparent absorption rate [(intake - fecal)/intake x 100]","value":"81.29","variance":"± 1.5 (SD)","units":"%","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"34448624","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"CP-Zn nanoparticles","forms":[],"dose":"70 mg Zn/kg bw","doseBasis":"elemental","fed":"NR","n":"10","analyte":"Zn","matrix":"feces/intake","parameter":"apparent_absorption","detail":"Zn apparent absorption rate [(intake - fecal)/intake x 100]","value":"84.71","variance":"± 1.3 (SD)","units":"%","location":"Table 4","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38051020","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gly-Pro-Hyp (99.2%), 100 mg/mL in tap water (Gly-Pro-Hyp and Pro-Hyp: AnyGen; Gly-Pro: Sigma-Aldrich)","forms":[],"dose":"100 mg/kg","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"overnight fasting (intragastric)","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"2.16","variance":"± 0.94 (SD)","units":"mg/L","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38051020","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gly-Pro-Hyp (99.2%), 100 mg/mL in tap water (Gly-Pro-Hyp and Pro-Hyp: AnyGen; Gly-Pro: Sigma-Aldrich)","forms":[],"dose":"100 mg/kg","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"overnight fasting (intragastric)","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"0.53","variance":"± 0.27 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38051020","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gly-Pro-Hyp (99.2%), 100 mg/mL in tap water (Gly-Pro-Hyp and Pro-Hyp: AnyGen; Gly-Pro: Sigma-Aldrich)","forms":[],"dose":"100 mg/kg","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"overnight fasting (intragastric)","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"","value":"2.40","variance":"± 0.61 (SD)","units":"mg h/L","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38051020","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gly-Pro-Hyp, 5 mg/mL in saline, 1 mL/kg (Gly-Pro-Hyp and Pro-Hyp: AnyGen; Gly-Pro: Sigma-Aldrich)","forms":[],"dose":"5 mg/kg","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"","value":"2.28","variance":"± 0.32 (SD)","units":"mg h/L","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38051020","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Pro-Hyp (99.1%) (Gly-Pro-Hyp and Pro-Hyp: AnyGen; Gly-Pro: Sigma-Aldrich)","forms":[],"dose":"100 mg/kg","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"overnight fasting (intragastric)","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"16.98","variance":"± 7.75 (SD)","units":"mg/L","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38051020","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Pro-Hyp (99.1%) (Gly-Pro-Hyp and Pro-Hyp: AnyGen; Gly-Pro: Sigma-Aldrich)","forms":[],"dose":"100 mg/kg","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"overnight fasting (intragastric)","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"0.55","variance":"± 0.12 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38051020","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Pro-Hyp (99.1%) (Gly-Pro-Hyp and Pro-Hyp: AnyGen; Gly-Pro: Sigma-Aldrich)","forms":[],"dose":"100 mg/kg","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"overnight fasting (intragastric)","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"","value":"17.32","variance":"± 5.53 (SD)","units":"mg h/L","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 footnote c: p < 0.001 compared to Gly-Pro-Hyp (as printed on this value)"},{"pmid":"38051020","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Pro-Hyp (Gly-Pro-Hyp and Pro-Hyp: AnyGen; Gly-Pro: Sigma-Aldrich)","forms":[],"dose":"5 mg/kg","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"","value":"4.22","variance":"± 0.52 (SD)","units":"mg h/L","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Footnote c"},{"pmid":"38051020","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gly-Pro (>95%) (Gly-Pro-Hyp and Pro-Hyp: AnyGen; Gly-Pro: Sigma-Aldrich)","forms":[],"dose":"100 mg/kg","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"overnight fasting (intragastric)","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.17","variance":"± 0.10 (SD)","units":"mg/L","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38051020","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gly-Pro (>95%) (Gly-Pro-Hyp and Pro-Hyp: AnyGen; Gly-Pro: Sigma-Aldrich)","forms":[],"dose":"100 mg/kg","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"overnight fasting (intragastric)","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"0.53","variance":"± 0.17 (SD)","units":"h","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38051020","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gly-Pro (Gly-Pro-Hyp and Pro-Hyp: AnyGen; Gly-Pro: Sigma-Aldrich)","forms":[],"dose":"5 mg/kg","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Gly-Pro","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"","value":"0.10","variance":"± 0.05 (SD)","units":"mg h/L","location":"Table 1","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38051020","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gly-Pro-Hyp (99.2%), 100 mg/mL in tap water (Gly-Pro-Hyp and Pro-Hyp: AnyGen; Gly-Pro: Sigma-Aldrich)","forms":[],"dose":"100 mg/kg","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"overnight fasting (intragastric)","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Hyp (biotransformed from Gly-Pro-Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"Pro-Hyp AUC after intragastric Gly-Pro-Hyp","value":"14.09","variance":"± 4.13 (SD)","units":"mg h/L","location":"Results p.705 (Sec. 3.2)","quote":"the extent of systemic exposure (AUC, 14.09 ± 4.13 mg h/L) was slightly lower than when Pro–Hyp was administered alone (17.32 ± 5.53 mg h/L)","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Text: no statistical significance"},{"pmid":"38051020","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"Gly-Pro-Hyp, 5 mg/mL in saline, 1 mL/kg (Gly-Pro-Hyp and Pro-Hyp: AnyGen; Gly-Pro: Sigma-Aldrich)","forms":[],"dose":"5 mg/kg","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"NR","n":"5","analyte":"Pro-Hyp (biotransformed from Gly-Pro-Hyp)","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"Pro-Hyp AUC after intravenous Gly-Pro-Hyp","value":"1.09","variance":"± 0.69 (SD)","units":"mg h/L","location":"Results p.705 (Sec. 3.2)","quote":"AUC of Pro–Hyp biotransformed from Gly–Pro–Hyp was 1.09 ± 0.69 mg h/L","quoteCheck":"supported","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC(0-300 min)","value":"5219.46","variance":"± 330.07 (SD)","units":"min nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC(0-300 min)","value":"10 305.68","variance":"± 524.54 (SD)","units":"min nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 asterisk: significant difference in AUC(0-300 min) between LCH and HCH"},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"28.47","variance":"± 5.80 (SD)","units":"nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"52.75","variance":"± 5.74 (SD)","units":"nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"30","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"30","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC(0-300 min)","value":"119.34","variance":"± 14.41 (SD)","units":"min nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC(0-300 min)","value":"66.08","variance":"± 5.68 (SD)","units":"min nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 asterisk: significant difference in AUC(0-300 min) between LCH and HCH"},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.54","variance":"± 0.09 (SD)","units":"nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.27","variance":"± 0.03 (SD)","units":"nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"10","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Leu-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"0","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Phe-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC(0-300 min)","value":"47.83","variance":"± 6.36 (SD)","units":"min nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Phe-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC(0-300 min)","value":"41.91","variance":"± 3.44 (SD)","units":"min nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"No asterisk in Table 2 (AUC LCH vs HCH not flagged significant)"},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Phe-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.29","variance":"± 0.07 (SD)","units":"nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Phe-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.21","variance":"± 0.09 (SD)","units":"nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Phe-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"10","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Phe-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"10","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC(0-300 min)","value":"802.97","variance":"± 76.57 (SD)","units":"min nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC(0-300 min)","value":"1420.32","variance":"± 270.97 (SD)","units":"min nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 asterisk: significant difference in AUC(0-300 min) between LCH and HCH"},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"4.13","variance":"± 0.89 (SD)","units":"nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"10.42","variance":"± 1.55 (SD)","units":"nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"30","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"30","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC(0-300 min)","value":"52.85","variance":"± 9.09 (SD)","units":"min nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC(0-300 min)","value":"115.31","variance":"± 8.38 (SD)","units":"min nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 asterisk: significant difference in AUC(0-300 min) between LCH and HCH"},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"1.43","variance":"± 0.68 (SD)","units":"nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.80","variance":"± 0.11 (SD)","units":"nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"10","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"30","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC(0-300 min)","value":"1.10","variance":"± 1.27 (SD)","units":"min nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC(0-300 min)","value":"71.58","variance":"± 9.02 (SD)","units":"min nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 asterisk: significant difference in AUC(0-300 min) between LCH and HCH"},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.01","variance":"± 0.02 (SD)","units":"nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.70","variance":"± 0.14 (SD)","units":"nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"0","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Gly-Pro-Hyp","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"30","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC(0-300 min)","value":"157.92","variance":"± 22.00 (SD)","units":"min nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC(0-300 min)","value":"220.04","variance":"± 15.50 (SD)","units":"min nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 asterisk: significant difference in AUC(0-300 min) between LCH and HCH"},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.71","variance":"± 0.13 (SD)","units":"nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.87","variance":"± 0.13 (SD)","units":"nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"10","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Ala-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"300","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Leu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC(0-300 min)","value":"55.81","variance":"± 6.26 (SD)","units":"min nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Leu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC(0-300 min)","value":"27.80","variance":"± 1.74 (SD)","units":"min nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 asterisk: significant difference in AUC(0-300 min) between LCH and HCH"},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Leu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.22","variance":"± 0.03 (SD)","units":"nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Leu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.10","variance":"± 0.02 (SD)","units":"nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Leu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"300","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Leu-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"300","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC(0-300 min)","value":"323.27","variance":"± 32.18 (SD)","units":"min nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"AUC","detail":"AUC(0-300 min)","value":"238.95","variance":"± 17.49 (SD)","units":"min nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":"Table 2 asterisk: significant difference in AUC(0-300 min) between LCH and HCH"},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"1.55","variance":"± 0.33 (SD)","units":"nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Cmax","detail":"","value":"0.93","variance":"± 0.15 (SD)","units":"nmol mL-1","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate (protease NP + collagenase); Gly-Pro-Xaa 3.79 ± 0.72%, Gly-Pro-Hyp not detected (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"10","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"38411396","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"tilapia skin collagen hydrolysate; Gly-Pro-Xaa 11.41 ± 0.95%, Gly-Pro-Hyp 3.35 ± 0.34% (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology (enzymes))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg per kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted at least 12 h","n":"6","analyte":"Ser-Hyp-Gly","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"","value":"300","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Table 2","quote":"","quoteCheck":"no quote","note":""},{"pmid":"41298488","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"hemoglobin hydrolysate (Hubei Rui Biological Technology)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"200 mg HH/kg BW/day (+2 mg Fe)","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"9","analyte":"iron","matrix":"whole animal (hemoglobin iron pool)","parameter":"relative_bioavailability","detail":"relative biological value (RBV), FeSO4 = 100%","value":"132.93%","variance":"","units":"%","location":"Results p.4 (Fig. 3H)","quote":"RBV, expressed relative to the FeSO4 group (set as 100%), was significantly elevated to 132.93%, 169.65%, and 158.99% in the HH, DH, and HDH groups","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Calculated by authors from HGB iron pool; FeSO4 = 100% by definition"},{"pmid":"41298488","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"donkey-hide gelatin hydrolysate (Dong-E-E-Jiao Co., Ltd.)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"200 mg DH/kg BW/day (+2 mg Fe)","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"9","analyte":"iron","matrix":"whole animal (hemoglobin iron pool)","parameter":"relative_bioavailability","detail":"relative biological value (RBV), FeSO4 = 100%","value":"169.65%","variance":"","units":"%","location":"Results p.4 (Fig. 3H)","quote":"RBV, expressed relative to the FeSO4 group (set as 100%), was significantly elevated to 132.93%, 169.65%, and 158.99% in the HH, DH, and HDH groups","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Calculated by authors from HGB iron pool; FeSO4 = 100% by definition"},{"pmid":"41298488","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"HH + DH mix","forms":[],"dose":"100 + 100 mg/kg BW/day (+2 mg Fe)","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"9","analyte":"iron","matrix":"whole animal (hemoglobin iron pool)","parameter":"relative_bioavailability","detail":"relative biological value (RBV), FeSO4 = 100%","value":"158.99%","variance":"","units":"%","location":"Results p.4 (Fig. 3H)","quote":"RBV, expressed relative to the FeSO4 group (set as 100%), was significantly elevated to 132.93%, 169.65%, and 158.99% in the HH, DH, and HDH groups","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Calculated by authors from HGB iron pool; FeSO4 = 100% by definition"},{"pmid":"41298488","species":"rodent","arm":"","form":"ferrous sulfate (Henan Gaobao Industrial)","forms":[],"dose":"2 mg Fe/kg BW/day","doseBasis":"elemental","fed":"NR","n":"9","analyte":"iron","matrix":"whole animal (hemoglobin iron pool)","parameter":"relative_bioavailability","detail":"relative biological value (RBV)","value":"100%","variance":"","units":"%","location":"Results p.4","quote":"RBV, expressed relative to the FeSO4 group (set as 100%)","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Reference by definition"},{"pmid":"35990359","species":"other_animal","arm":"","form":"chicken skin collagen peptide-chelated zinc","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"1.28 g/L","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"NR","n":"10","analyte":"fat body zinc (Zinpyr-1 signal)","matrix":"Drosophila larval fat body","parameter":"relative_bioavailability","detail":"Zinpyr-1 fluorescence, CCP-Zn increase vs ZnSO4","value":"22.9%","variance":"","units":"% (increase)","location":"Results, bioavailability section p.7; Fig. 4B","quote":"the zinc levels in the fat body cells of larvae fed with CCP–Zn are increased by about 22.9%","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Printed as 'about 22.9%'; no p-value printed in text"},{"pmid":"41227525","species":"other_animal","arm":"","form":"hydrolysed collagen in pellets (SONAC Hydro-P Premium)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"100 g/d","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"pellets only on sampling day","n":"6","analyte":"15 of 19 amino acids","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of peak","value":"two hours (t2)","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Results p.6","quote":"Peak plasma concentrations were reached for 15/19 AA two hours (t2) after feeding dose CH","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Counts of amino acids peaking at t2"},{"pmid":"41227525","species":"other_animal","arm":"","form":"hydrolysed collagen in pellets (SONAC Hydro-P Premium)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 g/d","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"pellets only on sampling day","n":"6","analyte":"13 of 19 amino acids","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of peak","value":"two hours (t2)","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Results p.6","quote":"13/19 AA also peaked two hours (t2) after feeding dose CL","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Counts of amino acids peaking at t2"},{"pmid":"41227525","species":"other_animal","arm":"","form":"hydrolysed collagen in pellets (SONAC Hydro-P Premium)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"50 g/d","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"pellets only on sampling day","n":"6","analyte":"glycine","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of peak","value":"t4","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Discussion p.8","quote":"The only exception was Glycine with peak concentrations at t4 for CL and t3 for CH","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Qualitative peak timing"},{"pmid":"41227525","species":"other_animal","arm":"","form":"hydrolysed collagen in pellets (SONAC Hydro-P Premium)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"100 g/d","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"pellets only on sampling day","n":"6","analyte":"glycine","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of peak","value":"t3","variance":"","units":"h","location":"Discussion p.8","quote":"glycine with peak concentrations at t4 for CL and t3 for CH","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Qualitative peak timing"},{"pmid":"31927882","species":"in_vitro","arm":"","form":"Synthetic peptide (Synpeptide)","forms":[],"dose":"150 μg/mL peptide with 150 μg/mL calcium (apical)","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"NR","n":"3","analyte":"calcium","matrix":"Caco-2 basolateral","parameter":"relative_bioavailability","detail":"% increase in calcium transport vs calcium-only control at 30 min","value":"89","variance":"± 9 (SD)","units":"%","location":"Abstract; Results p.6","quote":"increased by 89 ± 9, 202 ± 12, and 130 ± 7% with the addition of GPAGPHGPVG, FDHIVY, and YQEPVIAPKL","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Percent increase in calcium transport (in vitro)."},{"pmid":"31927882","species":"in_vitro","arm":"","form":"Synthetic peptide (Synpeptide)","forms":[],"dose":"150 μg/mL peptide with 150 μg/mL calcium (apical)","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"NR","n":"3","analyte":"calcium","matrix":"Caco-2 basolateral","parameter":"relative_bioavailability","detail":"% increase in calcium transport vs calcium-only control at 30 min","value":"202","variance":"± 12 (SD)","units":"%","location":"Abstract; Results p.6","quote":"increased by 89 ± 9, 202 ± 12, and 130 ± 7% with the addition of GPAGPHGPVG, FDHIVY, and YQEPVIAPKL","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Percent increase in calcium transport (in vitro)."},{"pmid":"31927882","species":"in_vitro","arm":"","form":"Synthetic peptide (Synpeptide)","forms":[],"dose":"150 μg/mL peptide with 150 μg/mL calcium (apical)","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"NR","n":"3","analyte":"calcium","matrix":"Caco-2 basolateral","parameter":"relative_bioavailability","detail":"% increase in calcium transport vs calcium-only control at 30 min","value":"130","variance":"± 7 (SD)","units":"%","location":"Abstract; Results p.6","quote":"increased by 89 ± 9, 202 ± 12, and 130 ± 7% with the addition of GPAGPHGPVG, FDHIVY, and YQEPVIAPKL","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Percent increase in calcium transport (in vitro)."},{"pmid":"32520033","species":"in_vitro","arm":"","form":"Synthetic peptide (purity >98%) after simulated GI digestion, applied to Caco-2 (GL Biochem)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"15 mg/mL digest (apical, 1.5 mL); plasma stability at 500 μM","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"NR","n":"NR","analyte":"OG","matrix":"Caco-2 basolateral","parameter":"apparent_absorption","detail":"transport percentage (BL/AP initial amount x 100)","value":"22.63","variance":"± 5.19 (SD)","units":"%","location":"Results 3.2 p.8","quote":"The transport percentages of OG, OGE, PGEOG and VGPOGPA were 22.63% ± 5.19, 11.15% ± 0.52, 18.34% ± 1.20 and 13.14% ± 2.44, respectively.","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Reported as mean ± SD; n not stated (all data at least in triplicate)."},{"pmid":"32520033","species":"in_vitro","arm":"","form":"Synthetic peptide (purity >98%) after simulated GI digestion, applied to Caco-2 (GL Biochem)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"15 mg/mL digest (apical, 1.5 mL); plasma stability at 500 μM","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"NR","n":"NR","analyte":"OGE","matrix":"Caco-2 basolateral","parameter":"apparent_absorption","detail":"transport percentage (BL/AP initial amount x 100)","value":"11.15","variance":"± 0.52 (SD)","units":"%","location":"Results 3.2 p.8","quote":"The transport percentages of OG, OGE, PGEOG and VGPOGPA were 22.63% ± 5.19, 11.15% ± 0.52, 18.34% ± 1.20 and 13.14% ± 2.44, respectively.","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Reported as mean ± SD; n not stated (all data at least in triplicate)."},{"pmid":"32520033","species":"in_vitro","arm":"","form":"Synthetic peptide (purity >98%) after simulated GI digestion, applied to Caco-2 (GL Biochem)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"15 mg/mL digest (apical, 1.5 mL); plasma stability at 500 μM","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"NR","n":"NR","analyte":"PGEOG","matrix":"Caco-2 basolateral","parameter":"apparent_absorption","detail":"transport percentage (BL/AP initial amount x 100)","value":"18.34","variance":"± 1.20 (SD)","units":"%","location":"Results 3.2 p.8","quote":"The transport percentages of OG, OGE, PGEOG and VGPOGPA were 22.63% ± 5.19, 11.15% ± 0.52, 18.34% ± 1.20 and 13.14% ± 2.44, respectively.","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Reported as mean ± SD; n not stated (all data at least in triplicate)."},{"pmid":"32520033","species":"in_vitro","arm":"","form":"Synthetic peptide (purity >98%) after simulated GI digestion, applied to Caco-2 (GL Biochem)","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"15 mg/mL digest (apical, 1.5 mL); plasma stability at 500 μM","doseBasis":"active compound","fed":"NR","n":"NR","analyte":"VGPOGPA","matrix":"Caco-2 basolateral","parameter":"apparent_absorption","detail":"transport percentage (BL/AP initial amount x 100)","value":"13.14","variance":"± 2.44 (SD)","units":"%","location":"Results 3.2 p.8","quote":"The transport percentages of OG, OGE, PGEOG and VGPOGPA were 22.63% ± 5.19, 11.15% ± 0.52, 18.34% ± 1.20 and 13.14% ± 2.44, respectively.","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Reported as mean ± SD; n not stated (all data at least in triplicate)."},{"pmid":"32806694","species":"in_vitro","arm":"","form":"Hydrolysed collagen in fermented whey beverage","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"0.3 % w/v","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"NR","n":"3","analyte":"collagen (hydroxyproline)","matrix":"dialysate (in vitro)","parameter":"fractional_absorption","detail":"in vitro bioavailability (collagen in dialysate / collagen in sample x 100)","value":"1.22","variance":"± 0.15 (SD)","units":"%","location":"Results 3.8 p.9","quote":"Beverages with a 0.3% addition of HC showed the lowest rate of absorption at 1.22 ± 0.15%.","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Authors call this 'rate of absorption'; Fig. 4."},{"pmid":"32806694","species":"in_vitro","arm":"","form":"Hydrolysed collagen in fermented whey beverage","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"1 % w/v","doseBasis":"NR","fed":"NR","n":"3","analyte":"collagen (hydroxyproline)","matrix":"dialysate (in vitro)","parameter":"fractional_absorption","detail":"in vitro bioavailability (collagen in dialysate / collagen in sample x 100)","value":"58.95","variance":"± 2.72 (SD)","units":"%","location":"Results 3.8 p.9","quote":"the rate of absorption showed the same behavior up to 58.95 ± 2.72% for the 1.0% treatment","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"Fig. 4."},{"pmid":"40597548","species":"in_vitro","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate CTH (collagenase-hydrolysed fish skin, low MW) (Guangdong HuaPeptides (raw materials))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp-containing di- and tripeptides","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of peak plasma concentration","value":"10 or 30 min","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Results 3.1 p.4","quote":"peak plasma concentrations in the micromolar range of these Hyp-containing di- and tripeptides were generally observed at 10 or 30 min","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"General statement covering CTH and CH; no per-peptide Tmax given in text"},{"pmid":"40597548","species":"in_vitro","arm":"","form":"collagen hydrolysate CH (Alcalase-hydrolysed fish skin, high MW) (Guangdong HuaPeptides (raw materials))","forms":["hydrolyzed"],"dose":"600 mg/kg body weight","doseBasis":"salt/compound","fed":"fasted","n":"6","analyte":"Hyp-containing di- and tripeptides","matrix":"plasma","parameter":"Tmax","detail":"time of peak plasma concentration","value":"10 or 30 min","variance":"","units":"min","location":"Results 3.1 p.4","quote":"peak plasma concentrations in the micromolar range of these Hyp-containing di- and tripeptides were generally observed at 10 or 30 min","quoteCheck":"supported","note":"General statement covering CTH and CH; no per-peptide Tmax given in text"}],"studies":{"1576745":{"pmid":"1576745","title":"Increased serum concentration of type IV collagen peptide and type III collagen peptide in hyperthyroidism.","authors":"Inui T, Ochi Y, Chen W, Nakajima Y, Kajita Y","journal":"Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry","year":"1992","volume":"205","issue":"3","pages":"181-6","doi":"10.1016/0009-8981(92)90058-x","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1576745/","species":"unclear","speciesRaw":"NR","design":"NR","n":"NR","status":"not absorption-related","statusNote":"Clinical biomarker study: serum type IV collagen peptide, type IV collagen 7s and type III procollagen peptide in patients with thyroid disease. No collagen supplement administered; no absorption/PK.","conclusion":"These facts show that serum type IV collagen peptide may be influenced by not only liver disease but also serum thyroid hormone levels. Type IV collagen peptide may provide a useful biochemical marker of hyperthyroid state.","limitations":""},"1695588":{"pmid":"1695588","title":"Serum type IV collagen concentrations in diabetic patients with microangiopathy as determined by enzyme immunoassay with monoclonal antibodies.","authors":"Matsumoto E, Matsumoto G, Ooshima A, Kikuoka H, Bessho H, Miyamura K, Nanjo K","journal":"Diabetes","year":"1990","volume":"39","issue":"8","pages":"885-90","doi":"10.2337/diab.39.8.885","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1695588/","species":"unclear","speciesRaw":"NR","design":"NR","n":"NR","status":"not absorption-related","statusNote":"Clinical biomarker study: serum type IV collagen (EIA) in 137 NIDDM patients vs 110 healthy subjects. No collagen supplement administered; no absorption/PK.","conclusion":"The concentration of serum type IV collagen peptide seems to be a useful, noninvasive, reproducible marker for assessment of the activity or progression of diabetic microangiopathy and for evaluation of therapeutic effects.","limitations":""},"15744079":{"pmid":"15744079","title":"Effect of aminated gelatin on the nasal absorption of insulin in rats.","authors":"Seki T, Kanbayashi H, Nagao T, Chono S, Tomita M, Hayashi M, Tabata Y, Morimoto K","journal":"Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin","year":"2005","volume":"28","issue":"3","pages":"510-4","doi":"10.1248/bpb.28.510","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15744079/","species":"unclear","speciesRaw":"NR","design":"NR","n":"NR","status":"off-target analyte","statusNote":"Rat nasal absorption of insulin and 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (CF) with aminated gelatin as absorption enhancer. Gelatin/collagen is an excipient, not the absorbed analyte; no absorption/PK of gelatin or collagen peptides is reported. Data sections skipped.","conclusion":"The enhancing effect on insulin and CF depends on the MW and number of amino groups. A high correlation between the enhancing effects on insulin and CF was observed and this suggests that an increase in the paracellular permeability is the mechanism governing the nasal absorption-enhancement of aminated gelatins, at least as far as insulin and CF are concerned.","limitations":""},"18707117":{"pmid":"18707117","title":"Consumption of a functional fermented milk containing collagen hydrolysate improves the concentration of collagen-specific amino acids in plasma.","authors":"Walrand S, Chiotelli E, Noirt F, Mwewa S, Lassel T","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","year":"2008","volume":"56","issue":"17","pages":"7790-5","doi":"10.1021/jf800691f","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18707117/","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"randomized crossover (open; plasma analysis blinded)","n":"15","status":"complete","statusNote":"","conclusion":"In conclusion, because of their physicochemical characteristics, the fermentation process, and the great homogeneity of the preparation, this milk product improves the plasma concentration of amino acids from CH, that is, proline.","limitations":"small n (15 men); open-label; industry funded/Danone authors; units misprinted in Table 3; essential/nonessential/total AA results figure-only; urinary hydroxyproline statistics not printed; amino acids measured as plasma concentrations, not baseline-corrected"},"18784933":{"pmid":"18784933","title":"A new view concerning the effects of collagen hydrolysate intake on skin properties.","authors":"Zague V","journal":"Archives of dermatological research","year":"2008","volume":"300","issue":"9","pages":"479-83","doi":"10.1007/s00403-008-0888-4","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18784933/","species":"other_animal","speciesRaw":"other animal (specify)","design":"other (specify)","n":"NR","status":"review/non-primary","statusNote":"News and Views commentary (Zague, Arch Dermatol Res 2008) summarizing previously published collagen hydrolysate bioavailability and skin studies; no original absorption/PK data. Pages 1-4 are the article, page 5 is references.","conclusion":"At least fair scientific evidence suggests that clinical effects on skin may be achieved by collagen hydrolysate ingestion, but the preclinical results are too precipitated for making general clinical recommendations.","limitations":"commentary/review, no original data"},"19661700":{"pmid":"19661700","title":"Absorption of hydroxyproline-containing peptides in vascularly perfused rat small intestine in situ.","authors":"Liu C, Sugita K, Nihei K, Yoneyama K, Tanaka H","journal":"Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry","year":"2009","volume":"73","issue":"8","pages":"1741-7","doi":"10.1271/bbb.90050","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19661700/","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"other (specify): in situ vascularly perfused rat small intestine; single injection into jejunum","n":"NR","status":"complete","statusNote":"Rat in situ perfusion study of synthetic Hyp-containing peptides (collagen/gelatin hydrolysate constituents), not a supplement product.","conclusion":"These results suggest that Hyp-peptides were resistant to intracellular hydrolysis and that a significant amount of these peptides was transported across the intestinal wall and may enter the portal circulation in an intact form.","limitations":"animal in situ model (anesthetized rat, perfused intestine); n=3 per group; synthetic peptides, not a commercial collagen hydrolysate; LC-MS/MS quantification semi-quantitative, from pooled perfusate; Fig. 2 and time-course data figure-only"},"19957932":{"pmid":"19957932","title":"Absorption and effectiveness of orally administered low molecular weight collagen hydrolysate in rats.","authors":"Watanabe-Kamiyama M, Shimizu M, Kamiyama S, Taguchi Y, Sone H, Morimatsu F, Shirakawa H, Furukawa Y, Komai M","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","year":"2010","volume":"58","issue":"2","pages":"835-41","doi":"10.1021/jf9031487","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19957932/","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"parallel","n":"48 (Wistar, Experiment 1)","status":"partial","statusNote":"Rat radiotracer absorption/distribution study; absorption data (plasma and tissue radioactivity, TLC of plasma peptides) are shown only in figures (Figs 2-4); only one numeric value in text. Bone composition/organ weight tables (Tables 2-4, OVX-SHRSP effectiveness experiment) are not absorption outcomes and were not extracted.","conclusion":"Our findings show that LMW-CH exerts a beneficial effect on osteoporosis by increasing the organic substance content of bone.","limitations":"animal study; absorption values figure-only; single dose with radiotracers, no PK parameters; no numeric plasma or tissue values printed; tracer groups not matched on tracer dose (60 vs 570 kBq)"},"22790956":{"pmid":"22790956","title":"Increasing effect of an oral intake of L-hydroxyproline on the soluble collagen content of skin and collagen fragments in rat serum.","authors":"Aoki M, Suto K, Komatsu M, Kamimura A, Morishita K, Yamasaki M, Takao T","journal":"Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry","year":"2012","volume":"76","issue":"6","pages":"1242-4","doi":"10.1271/bbb.120058","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22790956/","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"parallel","n":"NR","status":"not absorption-related","statusNote":"Short Note on a 2-week oral L-hydroxyproline dosing study in rats measuring skin soluble collagen and serum collagen peptides (collagen turnover effect). No Hyp absorption/PK parameters; all outcome values are shown only in Figs 1-3 (skin soluble collagen, serum collagen-peptide Hyp, Spearman r = 0.456 stated in Fig. 3 legend); free Hyp in skin 'data not shown'.","conclusion":"we have demonstrated for the first time that ingesting Hyp by rats increased both the soluble collagen content of the skin and the serum collagen peptide content, suggesting that Hyp had the ability to up-regulate collagen biosynthesis and degradation.","limitations":"not an absorption/PK study; values figure-only; serum collagen peptide increase not significant between groups"},"24767063":{"pmid":"24767063","title":"Dose-dependent changes in the levels of free and peptide forms of hydroxyproline in human plasma after collagen hydrolysate ingestion.","authors":"Shigemura Y, Kubomura D, Sato Y, Sato K","journal":"Food chemistry","year":"2014","volume":"159","issue":"","pages":"328-32","doi":"10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.02.091","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24767063/","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"randomized crossover","n":"4","status":"complete","statusNote":"Plasma Hyp and Hyp-peptide time courses and AUC are figure-only; per-subject Cmax/Tmax are in Table 3.","conclusion":"The Hyp absorption limit was not reached with ingestion of as much as 384.6 mg of collagen hydrolysate. These finding suggest that ingestion of less than 30.8 mg of collagen hydrolysate is not effective for health benefits.","limitations":"n=4; single collagen hydrolysate source (cod skin); no placebo/baseline-only control arm described; time courses and AUC figure-only; units mg vs mg/kg inconsistent in text"},"25410396":{"pmid":"25410396","title":"Determination of bioavailability and identification of collagen peptide in blood after oral ingestion of gelatin.","authors":"Wang L, Wang Q, Liang Q, He Y, Wang Z, He S, Xu J, Ma H","journal":"Journal of the science of food and agriculture","year":"2015","volume":"95","issue":"13","pages":"2712-7","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.7008","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25410396/","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"parallel","n":"30 (PK experiment) + 20 (peptide identification experiment)","status":"complete","statusNote":"Rat study; bioavailability of gelatin evaluated indirectly via total Hyp PK.","conclusion":"The oral bioavailability of gelatin and the structure of collagen peptide in blood were investigated in this study. The bioavailability of gelatin was as high as animal protein. Nearly half of the digested gelatin was absorbed in the form of peptide, and the absorbed amount of an amino acid depended on its content in gelatin.","limitations":"rat study, female only; indirect bioavailability via total Hyp; gelatin not hydrolysate; Table 2 group/time not stated, n=3; Fr lower than Fs (authors attribute to high metabolic rate of i.v. Hyp); sampling schedule not fully stated; time-course data figure-only"},"25417748":{"pmid":"25417748","title":"Highly accurate quantification of hydroxyproline-containing peptides in blood using a protease digest of stable isotope-labeled collagen.","authors":"Taga Y, Kusubata M, Ogawa-Goto K, Hattori S","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","year":"2014","volume":"62","issue":"50","pages":"12096-102","doi":"10.1021/jf5039597","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25417748/","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"single-arm","n":"1","status":"complete","statusNote":"Analytical method paper (stable-isotope-labelled collagen digest as LC-MS internal standard) with PK data from a single healthy volunteer after fish gelatin hydrolysate; n=1.","conclusion":"Our method is useful for absorption/metabolism studies of the Hyp-containing peptides and development of functionally characterized gelatin hydrolysate.","limitations":"single subject; analytical method paper, not a PK study design; time courses figure-only; SD is analytical (3 measurements), not between-subject"},"25826015":{"pmid":"25826015","title":"Bioavailability and bioavailable forms of collagen after oral administration to rats.","authors":"Wang L, Wang Q, Qian J, Liang Q, Wang Z, Xu J, He S, Ma H","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","year":"2015","volume":"63","issue":"14","pages":"3752-6","doi":"10.1021/jf5057502","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25826015/","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"parallel","n":"30 (PK experiment) + 20 (peptide identification experiment)","status":"complete","statusNote":"Rat study; bioavailability of collagen evaluated indirectly via total Hyp PK.","conclusion":"The bioavailability of collagen was lower than animal protein, but was comparable to cereal protein. Most of the digested collagen was absorbed in the form of a peptide rather than a free amino acid, and the absorbed amount of an amino acid depended on its content in collagen.","limitations":"rat study, female only; indirect bioavailability via total Hyp; Table 2 group not stated; n=3; sampling schedule not fully stated; time-course data figure-only; 63.4% peptide fraction reported as 'more than'"},"26155906":{"pmid":"26155906","title":"Absorption and plasma kinetics of collagen tripeptide after peroral or intraperitoneal administration in rats.","authors":"Yamamoto S, Hayasaka F, Deguchi K, Okudera T, Furusawa T, Sakai Y","journal":"Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry","year":"2015","volume":"79","issue":"12","pages":"2026-33","doi":"10.1080/09168451.2015.1062711","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26155906/","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"parallel","n":"13 (PK: 5 + 5 + 3)","status":"complete","statusNote":"Rat PK study of collagen tripeptide (peroral vs intraperitoneal) with isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS; autoradiography qualitative.","conclusion":"administering collagen as tripeptides enables efficient absorption of tripeptides and dipeptides.","limitations":"rat study, small n; variance type of Table 1 unclear (SEM per Fig. 1 legend; Tmax SD values consistent with small n); sampling ended at 120 min but AUC headed 0-240 min; dose given as mg/kg of CTP mixture (not per active tripeptide); fed/fasted state of PK groups not stated; autoradiography qualitative, group size not stated"},"26934933":{"pmid":"26934933","title":"Absorption and Urinary Excretion of Peptides after Collagen Tripeptide Ingestion in Humans.","authors":"Yamamoto S, Deguchi K, Onuma M, Numata N, Sakai Y","journal":"Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin","year":"2016","volume":"39","issue":"3","pages":"428-34","doi":"10.1248/bpb.b15-00624","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26934933/","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"randomized crossover","n":"4","status":"complete","statusNote":"Plasma time courses and Cmax/AUC are figure-only (Fig. 2); urinary excretion numeric (Table 2).","conclusion":"Overall, our results suggest that tripeptides derived from collagen are absorbed efficiently by the body.","limitations":"n=4 healthy males; plasma Cmax and AUC figure-only; conflict of interest: Jellice employees and supplier of CTP; same dose per kg of different preparations (different Gly-Pro-Hyp intake); non-ingestion urine estimated from creatinine-corrected spot samples with SD larger than mean"},"26978646":{"pmid":"26978646","title":"Efficient Absorption of X-Hydroxyproline (Hyp)-Gly after Oral Administration of a Novel Gelatin Hydrolysate Prepared Using Ginger Protease.","authors":"Taga Y, Kusubata M, Ogawa-Goto K, Hattori S","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","year":"2016","volume":"64","issue":"14","pages":"2962-70","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00609","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26978646/","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"parallel (three groups, single oral gavage; comparison vs control hydrolysate PTC-GH)","n":"NR","status":"complete","statusNote":"Mouse PK study (single oral dose of three gelatin hydrolysates); Cmax values are only in Supporting Information Table S5 (not in PDF); time-course data figure-only.","conclusion":"This study demonstrated that orally administered X-Hyp-Gly was effectively absorbed into the blood, probably due to the high protease resistance of this type of tripeptide.","limitations":"mouse study; not human; n=6 per group (from figure legend); Cmax/Table S5 in Supporting Information, not in PDF; time-course values figure-only; manufacturer-affiliated authors; fasting state before dosing not reported; dose given as 20 mg hydrolysate (not per body weight)"},"27573716":{"pmid":"27573716","title":"Orally Available Collagen Tripeptide: Enzymatic Stability, Intestinal Permeability, and Absorption of Gly-Pro-Hyp and Pro-Hyp.","authors":"Sontakke SB, Jung JH, Piao Z, Chung HJ","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","year":"2016","volume":"64","issue":"38","pages":"7127-33","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02955","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27573716/","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"parallel (three oral groups); plus in vitro stability and Caco-2 assays","n":"NR","status":"complete","statusNote":"Rat PK of collagen peptides plus in vitro stability and Caco-2 permeability; time-course figure-only.","conclusion":"These results suggest that the ingestion of CTP is an efficient method for taking bioactive peptides orally due to the enzymatic stability and intestinal permeability of GPH and PH.","limitations":"rat study; peptidases may differ from humans; small n (5-6/group); single dose level (500 mg/kg); in vitro Caco-2 n=3; industry-affiliated authors; time-course figure-only; unequal GPH/PH doses across arms (content differs)"},"28244315":{"pmid":"28244315","title":"Oral Ingestion of Collagen Hydrolysate Leads to the Transportation of Highly Concentrated Gly-Pro-Hyp and Its Hydrolyzed Form of Pro-Hyp into the Bloodstream and Skin.","authors":"Yazaki M, Ito Y, Yamada M, Goulas S, Teramoto S, Nakaya MA, Ohno S, Yamaguchi K","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","year":"2017","volume":"65","issue":"11","pages":"2315-2322","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05679","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28244315/","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"Human: single-blinded randomized(not stated) crossover with ≥7 days washout; mouse: parallel dose groups, 5 mice per time point","n":"12 (human); mouse 5 per time point","status":"complete","statusNote":"Human crossover PK (n=12) plus mouse plasma/skin PK; plasma time-courses figure-only.","conclusion":"Therefore, we propose that functional peptides can be transferred to the skin by dietary supplements of collagen.","limitations":"small human n (12); mouse sacrificial sampling (n=5 per time point); no statistics reported for mouse data; AUC variance not reported for mouse; AUC time window not stated in Table 1; company-affiliated authors; skin units given as nmol/mL; human time-courses figure-only"},"28445649":{"pmid":"28445649","title":"High Serum Stability of Collagen Hybridizing Peptides and Their Fluorophore Conjugates.","authors":"Bennink LL, Smith DJ, Foss CA, Pomper MG, Li Y, Yu SM","journal":"Molecular pharmaceutics","year":"2017","volume":"14","issue":"6","pages":"1906-1915","doi":"10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00009","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28445649/","species":"in_vitro","speciesRaw":"in vitro","design":"other (in vitro serum stability; IV imaging)","n":"NR","status":"not absorption-related","statusNote":"In vitro mouse-serum stability (and IV-injection imaging) of synthetic collagen hybridizing peptides (GPO repeats) and dye conjugates; no oral administration or absorption/PK data. Data sections skipped.","conclusion":"We demonstrated that, similar to triple-helical CMPs, monomeric CHPs comprised of repeating Gly-Pro-Hyp triplets are highly resistant to enzymatic degradation by many serum proteases and maintain elevated levels of stability despite their small size.","limitations":"not oral absorption; in vitro serum stability only"},"28915036":{"pmid":"28915036","title":"Collagen Peptides from Crucian Skin Improve Calcium Bioavailability and Structural Characterization by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS.","authors":"Hou T, Liu Y, Guo D, Li B, He H","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","year":"2017","volume":"65","issue":"40","pages":"8847-8854","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03059","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28915036/","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"parallel (model, alendronate, CPs 600 and 1200 mg/kg, healthy control)","n":"50","status":"not absorption-related","statusNote":"Efficacy study of crucian skin collagen peptides in retinoic-acid-induced bone-loss rats (serum Ca/phosphate/BALP, bone Ca content, BMD, histology) plus in vitro calcium-binding capacity and peptide sequencing. No calcium absorption, balance, or PK measurement; 'calcium bioavailability' is inferred from bone/serum outcomes. Data sections skipped.","conclusion":"In conclusion, alendronate and collagen peptides could improve calcium bioavailability and bone status in the retinoic acid-induced bone loss model through the promotion of calcium uptake, stimulation of bone formation, and inhibition of bone resorption.","limitations":"no direct absorption or balance measurement; efficacy outcomes only"},"28988478":{"pmid":"28988478","title":"Identification of Collagen-Derived Hydroxyproline (Hyp)-Containing Cyclic Dipeptides with High Oral Bioavailability: Efficient Formation of Cyclo(X-Hyp) from X-Hyp-Gly-Type Tripeptides by Heating.","authors":"Taga Y, Kusubata M, Ogawa-Goto K, Hattori S","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","year":"2017","volume":"65","issue":"43","pages":"9514-9521","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03714","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28988478/","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"parallel (hydrolysate: control vs heat-treated; synthetic: two peptide-mixture groups)","n":"NR","status":"complete","statusNote":"Mouse oral absorption of cyclic Hyp-containing dipeptides vs linear collagen oligopeptides; also in vitro heating experiments (not extracted).","conclusion":"The high productivity and oral bioavailability of the collagen-specific cyclic dipeptides suggest significant health benefits of the heat-treated ginger-degraded collagen hydrolysate.","limitations":"mouse study; small n (3-5); no statistical tests reported; single time point (1 h) for hydrolysate experiment; no absolute bioavailability measurement; manufacturer-affiliated authors; time-course figure-only"},"29467346":{"pmid":"29467346","title":"Absorption and metabolism of orally administered collagen hydrolysates evaluated by the vascularly perfused rat intestine and liver in situ.","authors":"Osawa Y, Mizushige T, Jinno S, Sugihara F, Inoue N, Tanaka H, Kabuyama Y","journal":"Biomedical research (Tokyo, Japan)","year":"2018","volume":"39","issue":"1","pages":"1-11","doi":"10.2220/biomedres.39.1","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29467346/","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"parallel (collagen hydrolysate vs water control) with in situ vascular perfusion","n":"NR","status":"complete","statusNote":"Rat in situ vascularly perfused intestine and liver after intragastric collagen hydrolysate; also portal/carotid blood and in vitro plasma stability.","conclusion":"Taken all together, this study showed that peptides which are larger than tripeptide could reach to the circulation system after administration of CH, revealing previously unknown dynamics of absorption of CH.","limitations":"rat in situ perfusion (anaesthetised, artificial perfusate); n=3; statistical comparison to control not possible for many peptides (near/below detection limit); larger-peptide blood samples pooled from five rats; unit of intestinal perfusate concentration is nmol/mL of perfusate; water control dose amount NR; distributor-affiliated authors"},"29608116":{"pmid":"29608116","title":"Modified mixed nanomicelles with collagen peptides enhanced oral absorption of Cucurbitacin B: preparation and evaluation.","authors":"Tang L, Fu L, Zhu Z, Yang Y, Sun B, Shan W, Zhang Z","journal":"Drug delivery","year":"2018","volume":"25","issue":"1","pages":"862-871","doi":"10.1080/10717544.2018.1425773","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29608116/","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"parallel (3 groups: CuB, CuB-MMs, CuB-MMs-CPs); in vitro Caco-2","n":"18 rats (6 per group as printed)","status":"off-target analyte","statusNote":"Absorption/PK study of Cucurbitacin B (measured as cucurbitacin D) in rats and Caco-2 cells; collagen peptides (cationic, ion-exchange isolated bovine CPs) are used only as a surface carrier/coating on mixed nanomicelles, not as the absorbed supplement. Data sections skipped.","conclusion":"Hence, we believe that the use of CPs as carriers may provide an effective method for the oral delivery of drugs, which could potentially overcome the barriers against the drug diffusion and penetration in the intestine.","limitations":"off-target analyte (cucurbitacin B, not a collagen supplement)"},"30739561":{"pmid":"30739561","title":"Orally administered collagen peptide protects against UVB-induced skin aging through the absorption of dipeptide forms, Gly-Pro and Pro-Hyp.","authors":"Lee HJ, Jang HL, Ahn DK, Kim HJ, Jeon HY, Seo DB, Lee JH, Choi JK, Kang SS","journal":"Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry","year":"2019","volume":"83","issue":"6","pages":"1146-1156","doi":"10.1080/09168451.2019.1580559","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30739561/","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"single-arm","n":"5","status":"complete","statusNote":"Efficacy paper with a small rat PK experiment (Gly-Pro, Pro-Hyp, Gly-Pro-Hyp after oral CPNS); time-course figure-only; text gives Cmax/AUC for some analytes only. Mouse photoaging, HDF cell data skipped.","conclusion":"Gly-Pro derived from CPNS may play a crucial role in the prevention of skin aging, together with Pro-Hyp and Gly-Pro-Hyp.","limitations":"rat study, single dose, n=5; industry funded; no statistical tests for PK; Cmax for Gly-Pro and Gly-Pro-Hyp not reported; AUC interval not stated; time-course figure-only; dose 1000 mg/kg of unpurified hydrolysate"},"30784272":{"pmid":"30784272","title":"Amount of Collagen in the Meat Contained in Japanese Daily Dishes and the Collagen Peptide Content in Human Blood after Ingestion of Cooked Fish Meat.","authors":"Asai T, Takahashi A, Ito K, Uetake T, Matsumura Y, Ikeda K, Inagaki N, Nakata M, Imanishi Y, Sato K","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","year":"2019","volume":"67","issue":"10","pages":"2831-2838","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06896","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30784272/","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"randomized crossover (randomization not stated; same volunteers received both)","n":"6","status":"complete","statusNote":"Human crossover PK of collagen peptides after cooked shark tail meat vs collagen hydrolysate (n=6); first part (collagen content of meat, Table 1) is food composition, not absorption, and was not extracted.","conclusion":"Thus, ingestion of collagen-rich meat increases the collagen peptides in blood, which depends on not only the collagen content in the meat but also the susceptibility of the collagen/gelatin to digestive endoproteinases.","limitations":"small n (6 males); single shark meat type; dose of meat and hydrolysate matched by collagen only; time-courses figure-only; no Cmax/Tmax table; randomization/order not stated"},"31159319":{"pmid":"31159319","title":"Human Enriched Serum Following Hydrolysed Collagen Absorption Modulates Bone Cell Activity: from Bedside to Bench and Vice Versa.","authors":"Wauquier F, Daneault A, Granel H, Prawitt J, Fabien Soulé V, Berger J, Pereira B, Guicheux J, Rochefort GY, Meunier N, Blot A, Wittrant Y","journal":"Nutrients","year":"2019","volume":"11","issue":"6","pages":"","doi":"10.3390/nu11061249","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31159319/","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"other (single-dose kinetic step then enriched-serum collection; mouse gavage kinetics)","n":"NR","status":"partial","statusNote":"Primary focus is bone-cell bioactivity of HC-enriched serum; absorption kinetics (serum HYP in mice, total serum protein in humans) are figure-only, with only peak timing stated in text.","conclusion":"Overall, our results correlate with literature data on the positive role of HC for bone health.","limitations":"values figure-only; absorption measured as total serum protein / hydroxyproline, not collagen peptides; small n; industry-supplied product, Rousselot-employed authors; dose basis NR"},"31480676":{"pmid":"31480676","title":"Whey Protein Supplementation Compared to Collagen Increases Blood Nesfatin Concentrations and Decreases Android Fat in Overweight Women: A Randomized Double-Blind Study.","authors":"Giglio BM, Schincaglia RM, da Silva AS, Fazani ICS, Monteiro PA, Mota JF, Cunha JP, Pichard C, Pimentel GD","journal":"Nutrients","year":"2019","volume":"11","issue":"9","pages":"","doi":"10.3390/nu11092051","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31480676/","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"RCT","n":"NR","status":"not absorption-related","statusNote":"8-week randomized efficacy trial of whey vs hydrolysed collagen on body composition, dietary intake and nesfatin/adipokines in overweight women. No absorption or pharmacokinetic outcomes (text search for absorb/bioavail/PK/Cmax/AUC finds none).","conclusion":"()","limitations":""},"31872275":{"pmid":"31872275","title":"Non-targeted and targeted analysis of collagen hydrolysates during the course of digestion and absorption.","authors":"Kleinnijenhuis AJ, van Holthoon FL, Maathuis AJH, Vanhoecke B, Prawitt J, Wauquier F, Wittrant Y","journal":"Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry","year":"2020","volume":"412","issue":"4","pages":"973-982","doi":"10.1007/s00216-019-02323-x","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31872275/","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"other (single-dose serum sampling; plus in vitro TIM digestion model)","n":"12","status":"partial","statusNote":"Primarily an LC-MS analytical-workflow paper (start product, in vitro TIM dialysate, human serum). Quantitative in vivo absorption data are limited to mean total Hyp, Hyp-Gly (pG) and Pro-Hyp (Pp) at 0 and 60 min; reported once, apparently across all 12 volunteers (not stated per product). Non-targeted signal-ratio tables (Tables 3, 4) are in vitro/semi-quantitative and not extracted.","conclusion":"After having defined and performed a limited targeted analysis, it was found that, in our experimental setup, Hyp-Gly and especially Pro-Hyp contributed significantly as carrier to the total Hyp increase in blood after ingestion of collagen hydrolysate.","limitations":"small n (3 per product); values reported as single pooled means without variance; industry funded; fed/fasted state NR; only 0 and 60 min sampling"},"31927882":{"pmid":"31927882","title":"Three Newly Isolated Calcium-Chelating Peptides from Tilapia Bone Collagen Hydrolysate Enhance Calcium Absorption Activity in Intestinal Caco-2 Cells.","authors":"Liao W, Chen H, Jin W, Yang Z, Cao Y, Miao J","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","year":"2020","volume":"68","issue":"7","pages":"2091-2098","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07602","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31927882/","species":"in_vitro","speciesRaw":"in vitro","design":"other (in vitro Caco-2 transport)","n":"NR","status":"partial","statusNote":"In vitro Caco-2 study; calcium transport time-course values are figure-only (Fig. 8). Only 30-min percent increase over control is printed in text/abstract.","conclusion":"These three peptides could potentially be used as a nutritional supplement for improving calcium absorption and preventing calcium deficiency.","limitations":"in vitro Caco-2 model only; values figure-only for transport time-course; two of three peptides unstable in simulated digestion"},"32266991":{"pmid":"32266991","title":"The in vitro bioavailability of anti-platelet peptides in collagen hydrolysate from silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) skin.","authors":"Li Y, Wang B, Li B","journal":"Journal of food biochemistry","year":"2020","volume":"44","issue":"6","pages":"e13226","doi":"10.1111/jfbc.13226","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32266991/","species":"in_vitro","speciesRaw":"in vitro","design":"other (in vitro digestion and Caco-2)","n":"NR","status":"partial","statusNote":"In vitro digestion and Caco-2 study of GPR, GPRG, GPRGP; most of the paper (platelet aggregation, coagulation, mouse bleeding) is not absorption data. Only peptide retention/production ratios extracted; Fig. 3 plotted values not read.","conclusion":"Furthermore, this study investigated the bioavailability of these three bioactive peptides by the Caco-2 cells model in vitro.","limitations":"in vitro only; external-standard HPLC quantification described by authors as not accurate; Caco-2 model qualitative for absorption; values partly figure-only"},"32520033":{"pmid":"32520033","title":"Novel Hyp-Gly-containing antiplatelet peptides from collagen hydrolysate after simulated gastrointestinal digestion and intestinal absorption.","authors":"Song H, Tian Q, Li B","journal":"Food & function","year":"2020","volume":"11","issue":"6","pages":"5553-5564","doi":"10.1039/d0fo00219d","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32520033/","species":"in_vitro","speciesRaw":"in vitro","design":"other (in vitro digestion/Caco-2; rat single-dose absorption)","n":"NR","status":"partial","statusNote":"In vitro digestion/Caco-2 transport, in vitro plasma stability, and rat plasma detection of Hyp-Gly peptides from collagen hydrolysate. Rat plasma results are qualitative/figure-only. Antiplatelet IC50 and thrombus results not absorption data and not extracted.","conclusion":"OG and OGE were found to be present in blood after CH ingestion.","limitations":"in vitro and rat model; rat plasma data figure-only; n not stated; peptides measured after ultrafiltration only qualitatively in vivo"},"32806694":{"pmid":"32806694","title":"Characterization of Whey-Based Fermented Beverages Supplemented with Hydrolyzed Collagen: Antioxidant Activity and Bioavailability.","authors":"León-López A, Pérez-Marroquín XA, Campos-Lozada G, Campos-Montiel RG, Aguirre-Álvarez G","journal":"Foods (Basel, Switzerland)","year":"2020","volume":"9","issue":"8","pages":"","doi":"10.3390/foods9081106","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32806694/","species":"in_vitro","speciesRaw":"in vitro","design":"other (in vitro digestion/dialysis)","n":"NR","status":"partial","statusNote":"Food-science paper on a fermented whey beverage with hydrolysed collagen; the only absorption-related data is an in vitro gastric/dialysis 'bioavailability' (2 kDa dialysis, hydroxyproline-based) with two percentages printed in text; other treatments figure-only (Fig. 4).","conclusion":"Additionally, the in vitro bioavailability of ...","limitations":"in vitro dialysis model only; bioavailability defined by hydroxyproline dialysed through 2 kDa membrane; most treatments figure-only; units/definition of bioavailability unclear (called 'rate of absorption')"},"33870215":{"pmid":"33870215","title":"Long-term intake of ginger protease-degraded collagen hydrolysate reduces blood lipid levels and adipocyte size in mice.","authors":"Tometsuka C, Funato N, Mizuno K, Taga Y","journal":"Current research in food science","year":"2021","volume":"4","issue":"","pages":"175-181","doi":"10.1016/j.crfs.2021.03.003","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33870215/","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"other (animal feeding study)","n":"NR","status":"not absorption-related","statusNote":"Mouse study of lipid-lowering effects of ginger protease-degraded collagen hydrolysate (10-week feeding; single-dose test of dietary lipid absorption after soybean oil). No absorption/PK of collagen peptides or a supplement analyte; the single-dose test measures blood TG/CHO after soybean oil, not supplement absorption.","conclusion":"()","limitations":""},"34448624":{"pmid":"34448624","title":"Effect of Collagen Peptide-Chelated Zinc Nanoparticles From Pufferfish Skin on Zinc Bioavailability in Rats.","authors":"Guo H, Yu Y, Hong Z, Zhang Y, Xie Q, Chen H","journal":"Journal of medicinal food","year":"2021","volume":"24","issue":"9","pages":"987-996","doi":"10.1089/jmf.2021.K.0038","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34448624/","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"parallel","n":"40","status":"complete","statusNote":"","conclusion":"The study demonstrated that CP-Zn nanoparticles were ideal for zinc supplementation.","limitations":"rat model; zinc sulfate dosed at 20 mg Zn/kg vs 70 mg Zn/kg for other groups; Zn intake and fecal Zn amounts not printed; liver Zn in µmol/L (homogenate basis)"},"34461513":{"pmid":"34461513","title":"Comparison of gelatin and low-molecular weight gelatin hydrolysate ingestion on hydroxyproline (Hyp), Pro-Hyp and Hyp-Gly concentrations in human blood.","authors":"Iwasaki Y, Nakatogawa M, Shimizu A, Sato Y, Shigemura Y","journal":"Food chemistry","year":"2022","volume":"369","issue":"","pages":"130869","doi":"10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130869","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34461513/","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"randomized crossover","n":"9","status":"complete","statusNote":"","conclusion":"The present study revealed that ingestion of gelatin results in the absorption of Pro-Hyp and Hyp-Gly in human plasma at μM levels, similar to GH ingestion, whereas gelatin ingestion suppressed free Hyp absorption.","limitations":"small n (9 women); sampling only to 4 h; order of products / randomization not described; Hyp-Gly Cmax values appear inconsistent with stated no-difference; different fish species across products"},"34677483":{"pmid":"34677483","title":"Study on the Mechanism of the Blood-Glucose-Lowering Effect of Collagen Peptides from Sturgeon By-Products.","authors":"Sasaoka Y, Takagi T, Michiba S, Yamamoto Y, Kumagai Y, Kishimura H","journal":"Marine drugs","year":"2021","volume":"19","issue":"10","pages":"","doi":"10.3390/md19100584","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34677483/","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"other (animal mechanism experiments)","n":"NR","status":"not absorption-related","statusNote":"Mouse mechanism study of sturgeon collagen peptides (SCPs) on glucose handling (gastric glucose retention, fecal glucose, DPP-IV inhibition, insulin/GLP-1). No pharmacokinetic or absorption measurement of collagen peptides, hydroxyproline or any collagen-derived analyte. Glucose absorption is the only absorption-related topic and it is measured as a pharmacodynamic effect (fecal glucose), not supplement absorption.","conclusion":"SCPs slow the rate of transportation of glucose from the stomach into the small intestine, resulting in delayed glucose absorption; SCPs suppress the absorption of glucose in the small intestine and excrete it from the body; SCPs inhibit DPP-IV in the blood and maintain a high GLP-1 level in blood, which in turn stimulates insulin secretion.","limitations":"no PK/absorption data for collagen peptides; small animal n"},"35662250":{"pmid":"35662250","title":"Identification of a highly stable bioactive 3-hydroxyproline-containing tripeptide in human blood after collagen hydrolysate ingestion.","authors":"Taga Y, Iwasaki Y, Tometsuka C, Funato N, Shigemura Y, Kusubata M, Mizuno K","journal":"NPJ science of food","year":"2022","volume":"6","issue":"1","pages":"29","doi":"10.1038/s41538-022-00144-4","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35662250/","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human + rodent (mouse)","design":"other (human single-dose time-course; mouse parallel oral administration; in vitro plasma stability and cell assays)","n":"Human 8; mouse 5 per group","status":"complete","statusNote":"","conclusion":"Here, we identified Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp tripeptide in human blood at high concentrations, comparable to other 4Hyp-containing oligopeptides, after ingesting porcine skin collagen hydrolysate. Additionally, Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp uniquely maintained the maximum concentration until 4 h after the ingestion due to its exceptionally high resistance to peptidase/protease demonstrated by incubation with mouse plasma.","limitations":"small n (8 human, 5 mouse per group); no control/comparator hydrolysate in humans; mouse hydrolysates differ from human product; dose basis of mouse dose NR; Fig 1, 3, 5 concentration-time values figure-only; company-affiliated authors"},"35990359":{"pmid":"35990359","title":"Chicken skin-derived collagen peptides chelated zinc promotes zinc absorption and represses tumor growth and invasion in vivo by suppressing autophagy.","authors":"Liu T, Zou L, Ji X, Xiao G","journal":"Frontiers in nutrition","year":"2022","volume":"9","issue":"","pages":"960926","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2022.960926","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35990359/","species":"other_animal","speciesRaw":"other animal (Drosophila melanogaster)","design":"other (animal feeding experiment)","n":"NR","status":"partial","statusNote":"Drosophila zinc-bioavailability and tumor study. Zinc uptake is shown by Zinpyr-1 fluorescence and MtnB mRNA (figure-only); only two relative percentages are printed in the text. Tumor/autophagy/antioxidant sections not extracted (not absorption).","conclusion":"CCP–Zn showed the highest bioavailability, antioxidant activity, and anti-tumor activity among CCP, ZnSO4, and CCP–Zn.","limitations":"Drosophila model, indirect zinc readouts (fluorescence, MtnB mRNA); key values figure-only; no p-values for bioavailability comparison in text; equal-zinc dosing basis unclear for CCP arm; no direct zinc concentration measurement"},"36475394":{"pmid":"36475394","title":"Collagen Peptides as a Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-2α-Stabilizing Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor to Stimulate Intestinal Iron Absorption by Upregulating Iron Transport Proteins.","authors":"Zhu S, Wu L, Zhang M, Li S, Xing W, Zhao Z, Guo H, Ma L, Wu H","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","year":"2022","volume":"70","issue":"48","pages":"15095-15103","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05411","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36475394/","species":"in_vitro","speciesRaw":"in vitro + rodent","design":"other (in vitro cell experiments and acute rat dosing)","n":"30 rats","status":"partial","statusNote":"Mechanistic Caco-2 and rat study of collagen hydrolysate (CH) / Pro-Hyp effects on iron uptake and transport and iron transporter expression. No collagen-peptide PK. Iron absorption outcomes are shown in figures only; text gives statistical significance only. PHD3 enzyme kinetics and docking not extracted (not absorption).","conclusion":"Overall, collagen peptides act as a hypoxia-inducible factor-2α-stabilizing prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor to stimulate intestinal iron absorption.","limitations":"Caco-2 and rat, no human data; all iron absorption outcomes figure-only; iron absorption not measured in vivo (only duodenal gene/protein expression); single time point (2 h) in rats"},"37074675":{"pmid":"37074675","title":"Oral Ingestion of AP Collagen Peptide Leads to Systemic Absorption of Gly-Pro-Hyp, Alleviating H(2)O(2)-Induced Dermal Fibroblast Aging.","authors":"Chae M, Moon CY, Lim SH, Yamashita Y, Yamada H, Ide M, Park CW, Roh J, Kim W","journal":"Journal of medicinal food","year":"2023","volume":"26","issue":"5","pages":"299-306","doi":"10.1089/jmf.2022.K.0149","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37074675/","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"randomized crossover","n":"8","status":"complete","statusNote":"","conclusion":"APCP significantly enhances the absorption of Gly-Pro-Hyp, which might act as an ECM-associated signaling factor in dermal fibroblasts, and the APCP and GABA combination promotes Gly-Pro-Ala absorption.","limitations":"n = 8; single dose; single-blinded only; Gly-Pro-Hyp and Gly-Pro-Ala content of test foods not stated as amount per dose; Tmax and t1/2 not reported in table; concentration-time values figure-only"},"38007183":{"pmid":"38007183","title":"The Collagen Synthesis Response to an Acute Bout of Resistance Exercise Is Greater when Ingesting 30 g Hydrolyzed Collagen Compared with 15 g and 0 g in Resistance-Trained Young Men.","authors":"Lee J, Tang JCY, Dutton J, Dunn R, Fraser WD, Enright K, Clark DR, Stewart CE, Erskine RM","journal":"The Journal of nutrition","year":"2024","volume":"154","issue":"7","pages":"2076-2086","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.10.030","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38007183/","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"randomized crossover","n":"10 (13 volunteered, 3 excluded before participation)","status":"complete","statusNote":"","conclusion":"we have demonstrated for the first time that a single bout of high-intensity, lower-limb RE with 30 g HC ingestion increased whole body collagen synthesis more than RE with 15 g or 0 g HC in resistance-trained young men. This higher response was likely related to the greater availability of key amino acids following the ingestion of 30 g HC compared to 15 g and 0 g.","limitations":"n = 10 men; indirect measure of collagen synthesis (serum PINP); 7-h window; amino acid concentration values figure-only; exercise confounds absorption; manufacturer not independent of dose composition (maltodextrin used to match calories)"},"38051020":{"pmid":"38051020","title":"Pharmacokinetics of collagen dipeptides (Gly-Pro and Pro-Hyp) and tripeptides (Gly-Pro-Hyp) in rats.","authors":"Won J, Kang J, Noh K, Chung HC, Kang W","journal":"Journal of food science","year":"2024","volume":"89","issue":"1","pages":"701-709","doi":"10.1111/1750-3841.16871","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38051020/","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"other (parallel groups, IV and intragastric, 5 rats per subgroup)","n":"30 (PK); 15 (urinary excretion)","status":"complete","statusNote":"","conclusion":"this work is the first to present the individual pharmacokinetics of Gly–Pro–Hyp, Pro–Hyp, and Gly–Pro in vivo. Although the absolute bioavailability of Pro–Hyp was 19.3% with GI absorption as the main route for systemic exposure, Gly–Pro–Hyp bioavailability was limited to 4.4%, presumably due to predominant metabolic instability.","limitations":"rat only, individual peptides rather than collagen hydrolysate; n = 5 per group; Gly-Pro intragastric parameters not estimable; Pro-Hyp endogenous baseline (~280 ng/mL) with LOQ 500 ng/mL; flip-flop kinetics complicate terminal-phase parameters; double peak after oral dosing"},"38347764":{"pmid":"38347764","title":"Gum Arabic-Derived Hydroxyproline-Rich Peptides Stimulate Intestinal Nonheme Iron Absorption via HIF2α-Dependent Upregulation of Iron Transport Proteins.","authors":"Li S, Xing W, Gang Y, Zhang M, Zhao Z, Wu H, Zhu S","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","year":"2024","volume":"72","issue":"7","pages":"3622-3632","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09588","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38347764/","species":"in_vitro","speciesRaw":"in vitro + rodent","design":"other (in vitro cell experiments and acute rat dosing)","n":"24 rats","status":"off-target analyte","statusNote":"Study is of gum arabic (GA) and GA-derived hydroxyproline-rich peptides, not collagen. Caco-2 and rat (n = 8 per group) study of stimulated nonheme iron absorption and duodenal iron transporter expression; all absorption outcomes are figure-only. Data sections not extracted.","conclusion":"GA-derived hydroxyproline-rich peptides can stimulate intestinal iron absorption via a HCP-dependent mechanism involving PHD inhibition, HIF2α stabilization, and subsequent upregulation of both apical and basolateral iron transport proteins.","limitations":"not collagen; Caco-2 and rat only; absorption outcomes figure-only"},"38411396":{"pmid":"38411396","title":"Effects of collagen hydrolysates on UV-induced photoaging mice: Gly-Pro-Hyp as a potent anti-photoaging peptide.","authors":"Yang D, Liu Q, Xu Q, Zheng L, Zhang S, Lu S, Xiao G, Zhao M","journal":"Food & function","year":"2024","volume":"15","issue":"6","pages":"3008-3022","doi":"10.1039/d3fo04949c","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38411396/","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"other (parallel oral PK in rats; separate mouse efficacy study)","n":"12 rats (6 per hydrolysate)","status":"complete","statusNote":"","conclusion":"The pharmacokinetic study showed a similar pattern of peptide absorption except for Gly-Pro-Hyp after oral ingestion of LCH and HCH. To be specific, when HCH was orally ingested, the AUC(0–300 min) value of Gly-Pro-Hyp was 65.07-fold higher than when LCH was orally ingested, whereas differences in the other peptides were only 1–2-fold.","limitations":"rat PK, n = 6; no human data; single dose, AUC to 300 min only; Tmax values printed without variance (sampling grid coarse: 10, 30, 60, 120, 300 min); plasma Gly-Pro-Xaa (non-Hyp) tripeptides not detected"},"38590831":{"pmid":"38590831","title":"Reduction in systemic muscle stress markers after exercise-induced muscle damage following concurrent training and supplementation with specific collagen peptides - a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Bischof K, Stafilidis S, Bundschuh L, Oesser S, Baca A, König D","journal":"Frontiers in nutrition","year":"2024","volume":"11","issue":"","pages":"1384112","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1384112","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38590831/","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"RCT","n":"55","status":"not absorption-related","statusNote":"12-week RCT of specific collagen peptides (15 g/day, GELITA PeptENDURE + Tendoforte) vs placebo with concurrent training in 55 males; outcomes are muscle damage markers (CK, LDH, myoglobin, hsCRP) after drop jumps. No absorption or pharmacokinetic measurement of collagen peptides or amino acids.","conclusion":"In conclusion, 12 weeks of 15 g SCP supplementation combined with CT intervention reduced acute markers of exercise-induced muscle damage and improved post-exercise regenerative capacity, as evidenced by the altered post-exercise time course.","limitations":"no absorption or PK data"},"38984642":{"pmid":"38984642","title":"Effects of resistance exercise, collagen ingestion and circulating oestrogen concentration on collagen synthesis in a female athlete: A case report.","authors":"Lee J, Tang JCY, Dutton J, Dunn R, Fraser WD, Enright K, Clark DR, Stewart CE, Erskine RM","journal":"Experimental physiology","year":"2025","volume":"110","issue":"11","pages":"1569-1575","doi":"10.1113/EP091897","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38984642/","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"randomized crossover (double-blind case study)","n":"1","status":"complete","statusNote":"Single-participant case report (n=1); PK-type data are serum PINP AUC (collagen synthesis biomarker) and collagen amino acid AUCs after 30 g hydrolysed collagen with resistance exercise.","conclusion":"To conclude, high circulating oestrogen concentration was associated with lower whole body collagen synthesis following RE in a female CrossFit athlete. Ingesting 30 g HC prior to performing RE, however, augmented the collagen synthesis response at both LF and OM, with an overall superior collagen synthesis response at OM.","limitations":"n=1 case report; no statistical testing; fasted state only; values for amino acids figure-only; variance type for oestradiol not stated; dose basis NR (HC product, not elemental)"},"39203724":{"pmid":"39203724","title":"Deer Skin Collagen Peptides Bound to Calcium: In Vitro Gastrointestinal Simulation of Digestion, Cellular Uptake and Analysis of Antioxidant Activity.","authors":"Du R, Sun L, Liu J, Gao F, Guo X, Shi M, Guo P, Chen W, Zong Y, Geng J, Zhao Y, He Z","journal":"Nutrients","year":"2024","volume":"16","issue":"16","pages":"","doi":"10.3390/nu16162585","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39203724/","species":"in_vitro","speciesRaw":"in vitro","design":"other (in vitro)","n":"NR","status":"complete","statusNote":"In vitro study (simulated GI digestion and Caco-2 monolayer) of deer skin collagen peptide-calcium chelate; also covers preparation optimisation and antioxidant activity (not extracted).","conclusion":"In vitro experiments revealed that DSCP can act as a calcium carrier to increase calcium transport in Caco-2 cells, but the manner in which it promoted calcium transport was unclear.","limitations":"in vitro only; statistic and variance type not stated; CaCl2 transport values figure-only; n/replicates not specified per value; retention values given only as thresholds in text"},"39259166":{"pmid":"39259166","title":"Hydrolyzed collagen supplementation prior to resistance exercise augments collagen synthesis in a dose-response manner in resistance-trained, middle-aged men.","authors":"Nulty CD, Tang JCY, Dutton J, Dunn R, Fraser WD, Enright K, Stewart CE, Erskine RM","journal":"American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism","year":"2024","volume":"327","issue":"5","pages":"E668-E677","doi":"10.1152/ajpendo.00252.2024","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39259166/","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"randomized crossover","n":"8","status":"complete","statusNote":"RCT crossover; serum PINP (collagen synthesis biomarker) AUC and serum collagen amino acid dose-response after 0/15/30 g hydrolysed collagen with resistance exercise.","conclusion":"Our data show that the combination of high-intensity, lower-limb resistance exercise and hydrolyzed collagen supplementation increases collagen synthesis in middle-aged, resistance-trained men in a dose-response manner, i.e., 30 g > 15 g > 0 g.","limitations":"n=8 analysed; men only; PINP is a whole-body biomarker, not direct tendon synthesis; fasted state only; amino acid AUC values not printed (figure only); two participants excluded due to COVID-19 lockdown"},"39889494":{"pmid":"39889494","title":"Effects of four-weeks porcine-collagen hydrolysate consumption on glucose concentrations, glycemic variability, and fasting/postprandial cardiometabolic risk markers in men and women with overweight or obesity: A randomized, controlled trial.","authors":"Chavez-Alfaro MA, Mensink RP, Plat J","journal":"Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)","year":"2025","volume":"46","issue":"","pages":"60-71","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2025.01.018","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39889494/","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"parallel","n":"56","status":"not absorption-related","statusNote":"4-week RCT of 10 g/day porcine collagen hydrolysate on interstitial glucose, glycemic variability, and fasting/postprandial glucose, insulin and TAG (mixed meal test). No absorption/PK of the supplement measured; authors note absence of Gly-Pro-Hyp plasma analysis as a limitation.","conclusion":"In conclusion, we show that 4 weeks of 10 g of porcine-derived collagen hydrolysates consumption in overweight or obese adults unexpectedly significantly increased glycemic variability, postprandial glucose concentrations, fasting insulin concentrations, and measures of insulin resistance such as HOMA-IR and HOMA-b.","limitations":"no absorption/PK outcome; no Gly-Pro-Hyp plasma analysis"},"40517554":{"pmid":"40517554","title":"Comparative study of the therapeutic effects of sturgeon collagen peptide chelate-zinc on osteoarthritis induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection and medial meniscectomy in obese male rats.","authors":"Felim J, Wang PY, Pan MH, Delvina, Kuo HP, Kong ZL","journal":"Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie","year":"2025","volume":"189","issue":"","pages":"118236","doi":"10.1016/j.biopha.2025.118236","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40517554/","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"parallel","n":"NR (text states 49 rats; groups n = 7 per figure/table captions)","status":"partial","statusNote":"Efficacy study (osteoarthritis in obese rats). Only absorption-related outcome is plasma zinc, shown in a figure only (Fig. 6, leftmost panel); no numeric zinc values printed in text or tables.","conclusion":"SPZ, particularly at 150 mg/kg (SPZ2), demonstrated significantly superior protective effects compared to SP or zinc gluconate alone. This enhanced efficacy is attributed to the improved bioavailability of chelated zinc.","limitations":"plasma zinc figure-only; indirect bioavailability measure (single terminal plasma zinc); authors note these are indirect measures; zinc content/elemental dose of SPZ not stated; text/figure panel label inconsistencies"},"40597548":{"pmid":"40597548","title":"Production of collagen-derived hydroxyproline (Hyp)-containing di- and tripeptides by brush border membrane enzymes and their absorption characteristics.","authors":"Yang D, Zhang S, Xu Q, Lu S, Xiao G, Zheng L, Zhao M","journal":"Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)","year":"2025","volume":"217","issue":"","pages":"116847","doi":"10.1016/j.foodres.2025.116847","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40597548/","species":"in_vitro","speciesRaw":"other animal (rat, Sprague-Dawley) + in vitro","design":"other (in vivo rat PK + in vitro)","n":"12 rats (6 per hydrolysate)","status":"complete","statusNote":"Mostly in vitro (INFOGEST digestion with brush border membrane enzymes, Caco-2 transport, docking) plus rat plasma concentration-time data (Fig. 1). Numeric PK parameters are in a supplement (Table S3) not in PDF; most values figure-only.","conclusion":"Hyp-containing di- and tripeptides could be transported intact across the cell monolayer, with the highest apparent permeability coefficient (Papp, (23.91 ± 3.18) × 10− 8 cm/s) observed for Gly-Pro-Hyp.","limitations":"rat PK values figure-only; PK parameters in supplement; Caco-2 Papp values figure-only except GPO; Caco-2 n not stated; rat dose 600 mg/kg; CTH data for 8 peptides from a previous study"},"41227525":{"pmid":"41227525","title":"Free Plasma Amino Acid Concentrations in Horses Fed Different Dosing Regimens of Hydrolysed Collagen.","authors":"Kranenburg LC, Reinke KS, van den Broek J, Zaal EA, van den Boom R, van Doorn DA","journal":"Animals : an open access journal from MDPI","year":"2025","volume":"15","issue":"21","pages":"","doi":"10.3390/ani15213195","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41227525/","species":"other_animal","speciesRaw":"other animal (horse)","design":"randomized crossover","n":"6","status":"complete","statusNote":"Equine dose-response of free plasma amino acids after hydrolysed collagen; values via Table 4 (difference of means vs control) and Fig. 1 (figure only).","conclusion":"There was a correlation between supplement dose and plasma AA concentration. Although clinical efficacy was not evaluated in this study, a dose of 100 g HC once daily resulted in higher plasma concentrations, which could be detected for at least 24 h, suggesting greater potential clinical relevance.","limitations":"n=6; product-specific; only free amino acids measured; Hyp measured only at t0 and t2; time-course values figure-only; industry funded (supplier)"},"41288414":{"pmid":"41288414","title":"Effects of porcine-derived collagen hydrolysates on 24 h blood pressure profiles, markers for endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation and the retinal vasculature in adults with overweight/obesity: a randomized, controlled trial.","authors":"Chavez-Alfaro MA, Mensink RP, Joris PJ, Plat J","journal":"Food & function","year":"2025","volume":"16","issue":"24","pages":"9562-9571","doi":"10.1039/d5fo01261a","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41288414/","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"parallel","n":"56","status":"not absorption-related","statusNote":"4-week RCT of 10 g/day porcine collagen hydrolysate on blood pressure, retinal vasculature, lipids, endothelial/inflammatory markers and cognition. No absorption/PK of the supplement measured.","conclusion":"In conclusion, four-week porcine-derived collagen hydrolysate supplementation did not improve cardiometabolic risk markers and cognitive performance in middle-aged and older adults with overweight or obesity.","limitations":"no absorption/PK outcome"},"41298488":{"pmid":"41298488","title":"Stability and iron affinity of Donkey-hide gelatin hydrolysates: Implications for improving iron bioavailability and gut microbiota modulation.","authors":"Lin HB, Peng CY, Wang H, Sun YE, Duan XB, Liu HB, Lin XY, Yang LY, Tu ZC, Sha XM","journal":"NPJ science of food","year":"2025","volume":"9","issue":"1","pages":"254","doi":"10.1038/s41538-025-00617-2","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41298488/","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"parallel","n":"54 (CON 9 + MOD 45)","status":"complete","statusNote":"Rat iron-deficiency anaemia study of donkey-hide gelatin hydrolysates (DH) with FeSO4; iron bioavailability measured indirectly (RBV, hemoglobin regeneration efficiency, serum iron indices) plus in vitro soluble iron stability. Hydrolysate is the iron carrier; the supplement analyte is iron.","conclusion":"Compared with FeSO4, DH exhibited superior efficacy in promoting iron bioavailability, as evidenced by improvements in hematological indicators, serum biochemical indicators, and gut microbiota composition.","limitations":"rat model; iron absorption inferred indirectly (no isotope or balance data); most values figure-only; SD not printed in text; max and min values excluded per group in analysis; group n 9 vs 7 inconsistency; in vitro soluble iron is not absorption; dose basis of hydrolysate is mass of product"},"41788055":{"pmid":"41788055","title":"Low-Molecular-Weight Collagen Peptide Supplementation Improves Cellulite Severity, Skin Elasticity, and Hair Shaft Diameter: A Clinical Study with Pharmacokinetic Evaluation.","authors":"Hwang S, Won J, Kim S, Kang W, Park M","journal":"Journal of medicinal food","year":"2026","volume":"29","issue":"4","pages":"187-195","doi":"10.1177/1096620X261428336","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41788055/","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"randomized crossover","n":"8 (Study 1); 114 randomised (Study 2)","status":"complete","statusNote":"Two studies: Study 1 human crossover PK of plasma Gly-Pro-Hyp after LMWCP vs general collagen (extracted); Study 2 24-week RCT on cellulite/skin/hair efficacy (not extracted, no PK).","conclusion":"These findings indicate that LMWCP, characterized by high GPH content and enhanced systemic exposure resulting from targeted enzymatic hydrolysis, exerts beneficial effects on both skin and hair parameters.","limitations":"Study 1 n=8 men only; industry affiliations (NEWTREE employees); comparator is non-hydrolysed collagen, not another hydrolysate; dose of GPH not stated; concentration-time data figure-only"},"41817944":{"pmid":"41817944","title":"Collagen Peptide Infused Biphasic Gel Formulation for Burn Wound Management: Biophysical, Pharmacokinetic, and In Vivo Evaluation.","authors":"Kupendra M, Lokesh V, Murdi N, Furtado J, Dotherabandi M, Dey A, Fasim A","journal":"Applied biochemistry and biotechnology","year":"2026","volume":"198","issue":"5","pages":"4059-4081","doi":"10.1007/s12010-026-05626-9","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41817944/","species":"rodent","speciesRaw":"rodent","design":"other (formulation development, in vitro and in vivo wound healing)","n":"NR","status":"not absorption-related","statusNote":"Topical fish-collagen-peptide/Aloe vera/coconut oil bigel for burn wounds. 'Pharmacokinetic' in title refers to in vitro Franz-cell release kinetics (97.7% release at 18 h) and rat wound healing; no oral or systemic absorption/PK data (no plasma/serum measurements).","conclusion":"()","limitations":"topical formulation, not oral absorption"},"42233495":{"pmid":"42233495","title":"Comparative assessment on osteoprotective effects of bone collagen peptides from diverse animal sources: Insights from the characteristics of gastrointestinal digestion and absorption.","authors":"Liu H, Jaja IF, Zhang C, Wang Z, Guo Y","journal":"Journal of the science of food and agriculture","year":"2026","volume":"106","issue":"12","pages":"7171-7183","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70759","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42233495/","species":"in_vitro","speciesRaw":"in vitro","design":"other (in vitro digestion and Caco-2 transport; rat OVX efficacy study)","n":"NR","status":"partial","statusNote":"Primarily an osteoprotective-efficacy study (MC3T3-E1 cells, ovariectomized rats). Absorption-relevant data are only simulated GI digestion retention and Caco-2 transport of four synthetic peptides; no in vivo PK/absorption measured.","conclusion":"The divergent osteoprotective effects of YBP/BBPs/PBPs/CBPs are likely attributable to their structural determinants including gastrointestinal digestion/absorption/transportation, and affinity/binding modes to epidermal growth factor receptor, as well as possible RGD (arginine, glycine and aspartic acid) sequence similarity.","limitations":"in vitro Caco-2 and simulated digestion only; no in vivo absorption or PK; Papp very low (0.15-0.55 x 10-7 cm/s), authors state limited transport capacity; n for Caco-2 / digestion not explicitly stated (triplicate determinations); authors state intestinal transport mechanisms require further investigation"},"42609988":{"pmid":"42609988","title":"Enhanced digestion and absorption kinetics of ultra-low molecular weight collagen containing di- and tripeptides: evidence from human and cell models.","authors":"Nergiz-Unal R, Dierckx S, Roye C, Wu Y, Maertens F, Pajuelo Gamez D, Merino M, Mullor JL, Depboylu B, Mandolesi CD","journal":"PeerJ","year":"2026","volume":"14","issue":"","pages":"e21398","doi":"10.7717/peerj.21398","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42609988/","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"parallel (randomized, single-blind exploratory pilot, 3 groups) plus in vitro Caco-2","n":"15","status":"partial","statusNote":"Caco-2 amino-acid transport tables extracted in full; human plasma amino acid kinetics (n=5/group, pilot) are figure-only (Fig. 5), so no human numeric values were printed.","conclusion":"An ultra-low molecular weight (500Da) collagen high in di- and tripeptides (>45%) demonstrated enhanced and earlier transport across the intestinal epithelium in vitro and an earlier peak plasma concentration of collagen-derived AAs in vivo compared with a standard collagen hydrolysate.","limitations":"very small n (5 per group, exploratory pilot, males only); human data figure-only; very high dose 400 mg/kg; industry funded, authors employed by manufacturer; Caco-2 basolateral values include basal amino acids from medium; free amino acids only, not peptide transport; only 2 replicates per condition in vitro"},"42655746":{"pmid":"42655746","title":"Bioactive Collagen Peptides in Veterinary and Biomedical Science-Part I: Molecular Identity, Gastrointestinal Bioavailability, and Receptor-Mediated Signaling, with Relevance to the Bile Acid Axis.","authors":"Németh K, Kis M, Mózes B, Schilling-Tóth BM, Jócsák G, Tóth I, Kiss DS, Lányi K, Csorba S, Bartha T","journal":"Veterinary sciences","year":"2026","volume":"13","issue":"8","pages":"","doi":"10.3390/vetsci13080726","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42655746/","species":"other_animal","speciesRaw":"other animal (review across rodent, porcine, human, veterinary)","design":"other (narrative review)","n":"NR","status":"review/non-primary","statusNote":"Narrative review (Vet. Sci. 2026, 13, 726) of collagen peptide identity, GI bioavailability and receptor signaling; secondary synthesis of other studies, no primary absorption data.","conclusion":"()","limitations":"review, secondary data only"},"42687500":{"pmid":"42687500","title":"Glycine Bioavailability and Sleep-Related Outcomes Following Oral Glycine and Collagen Supplementation-A Scoping Review.","authors":"Fan Z, Nelson JM, Wallace TC","journal":"Journal of dietary supplements","year":"2026","volume":"23","issue":"5","pages":"602-622","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2026.2726197","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42687500/","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"other (scoping review)","n":"NR","status":"review/non-primary","statusNote":"Scoping review (J Diet Suppl 2026, 23:5, 602-622) of 22 trials on glycine bioavailability and sleep outcomes; secondary synthesis, no primary absorption data.","conclusion":"()","limitations":"review, secondary data only"},"42715523":{"pmid":"42715523","title":"Oral Ingestion of Jellyfish Collagen Hydrolysate Effectively Delivers a Bioactive Tripeptide, Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp, into the Blood and Skin.","authors":"Taga Y, Iwasaki Y, Kusubata M, Mizuno K","journal":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","year":"2026","volume":"74","issue":"37","pages":"29328-29337","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.6c08326","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42715523/","species":"human","speciesRaw":"human","design":"parallel (two groups, human) plus mouse PK study","n":"17 humans","status":"complete","statusNote":"","conclusion":"the present study demonstrates the highly efficient transport of the collagen-derived unique tripeptide Gly-3Hyp-4Hyp into the blood and skin after oral ingestion of jellyfish collagen hydrolysate.","limitations":"small human n (8 and 9); industry authors (manufacturer research institute); no randomization or blinding described; mouse Cmax/Tmax derived from mean curves; human baseline not subtracted in Table 3 (baseline peptide levels stated as low); mouse dose very high (1244 mg/kg)"}},"rejected":[{"pmid":"15744079","status":"off-target analyte","note":"Rat nasal absorption of insulin and 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (CF) with aminated gelatin as absorption enhancer. Gelatin/collagen is an excipient, not the absorbed analyte; no absorption/PK of gelatin or collagen peptides is reported. Data sections skipped."},{"pmid":"1576745","status":"not absorption-related","note":"Clinical biomarker study: serum type IV collagen peptide, type IV collagen 7s and type III procollagen peptide in patients with thyroid disease. No collagen supplement administered; no absorption/PK."},{"pmid":"1695588","status":"not absorption-related","note":"Clinical biomarker study: serum type IV collagen (EIA) in 137 NIDDM patients vs 110 healthy subjects. No collagen supplement administered; no absorption/PK."},{"pmid":"18784933","status":"review/non-primary","note":"News and Views commentary (Zague, Arch Dermatol Res 2008) summarizing previously published collagen hydrolysate bioavailability and skin studies; no original absorption/PK data. Pages 1-4 are the article, page 5 is references."},{"pmid":"22790956","status":"not absorption-related","note":"Short Note on a 2-week oral L-hydroxyproline dosing study in rats measuring skin soluble collagen and serum collagen peptides (collagen turnover effect). No Hyp absorption/PK parameters; all outcome values are shown only in Figs 1-3 (skin soluble collagen, serum collagen-peptide Hyp, Spearman r = 0.456 stated in Fig. 3 legend); free Hyp in skin 'data not shown'."},{"pmid":"28445649","status":"not absorption-related","note":"In vitro mouse-serum stability (and IV-injection imaging) of synthetic collagen hybridizing peptides (GPO repeats) and dye conjugates; no oral administration or absorption/PK data. Data sections skipped."},{"pmid":"28915036","status":"not absorption-related","note":"Efficacy study of crucian skin collagen peptides in retinoic-acid-induced bone-loss rats (serum Ca/phosphate/BALP, bone Ca content, BMD, histology) plus in vitro calcium-binding capacity and peptide sequencing. No calcium absorption, balance, or PK measurement; 'calcium bioavailability' is inferred from bone/serum outcomes. Data sections skipped."},{"pmid":"29608116","status":"off-target analyte","note":"Absorption/PK study of Cucurbitacin B (measured as cucurbitacin D) in rats and Caco-2 cells; collagen peptides (cationic, ion-exchange isolated bovine CPs) are used only as a surface carrier/coating on mixed nanomicelles, not as the absorbed supplement. Data sections skipped."},{"pmid":"31480676","status":"not absorption-related","note":"8-week randomized efficacy trial of whey vs hydrolysed collagen on body composition, dietary intake and nesfatin/adipokines in overweight women. No absorption or pharmacokinetic outcomes (text search for absorb/bioavail/PK/Cmax/AUC finds none)."},{"pmid":"33870215","status":"not absorption-related","note":"Mouse study of lipid-lowering effects of ginger protease-degraded collagen hydrolysate (10-week feeding; single-dose test of dietary lipid absorption after soybean oil). No absorption/PK of collagen peptides or a supplement analyte; the single-dose test measures blood TG/CHO after soybean oil, not supplement absorption."},{"pmid":"34677483","status":"not absorption-related","note":"Mouse mechanism study of sturgeon collagen peptides (SCPs) on glucose handling (gastric glucose retention, fecal glucose, DPP-IV inhibition, insulin/GLP-1). No pharmacokinetic or absorption measurement of collagen peptides, hydroxyproline or any collagen-derived analyte. Glucose absorption is the only absorption-related topic and it is measured as a pharmacodynamic effect (fecal glucose), not supplement absorption."},{"pmid":"38347764","status":"off-target analyte","note":"Study is of gum arabic (GA) and GA-derived hydroxyproline-rich peptides, not collagen. Caco-2 and rat (n = 8 per group) study of stimulated nonheme iron absorption and duodenal iron transporter expression; all absorption outcomes are figure-only. Data sections not extracted."},{"pmid":"38590831","status":"not absorption-related","note":"12-week RCT of specific collagen peptides (15 g/day, GELITA PeptENDURE + Tendoforte) vs placebo with concurrent training in 55 males; outcomes are muscle damage markers (CK, LDH, myoglobin, hsCRP) after drop jumps. No absorption or pharmacokinetic measurement of collagen peptides or amino acids."},{"pmid":"39889494","status":"not absorption-related","note":"4-week RCT of 10 g/day porcine collagen hydrolysate on interstitial glucose, glycemic variability, and fasting/postprandial glucose, insulin and TAG (mixed meal test). No absorption/PK of the supplement measured; authors note absence of Gly-Pro-Hyp plasma analysis as a limitation."},{"pmid":"41288414","status":"not absorption-related","note":"4-week RCT of 10 g/day porcine collagen hydrolysate on blood pressure, retinal vasculature, lipids, endothelial/inflammatory markers and cognition. No absorption/PK of the supplement measured."},{"pmid":"41817944","status":"not absorption-related","note":"Topical fish-collagen-peptide/Aloe vera/coconut oil bigel for burn wounds. 'Pharmacokinetic' in title refers to in vitro Franz-cell release kinetics (97.7% release at 18 h) and rat wound healing; no oral or systemic absorption/PK data (no plasma/serum measurements)."},{"pmid":"42655746","status":"review/non-primary","note":"Narrative review (Vet. Sci. 2026, 13, 726) of collagen peptide identity, GI bioavailability and receptor signaling; secondary synthesis of other studies, no primary absorption data."},{"pmid":"42687500","status":"review/non-primary","note":"Scoping review (J Diet Suppl 2026, 23:5, 602-622) of 22 trials on glycine bioavailability and sleep outcomes; secondary synthesis, no primary absorption data."}],"indirect":[{"anchor":"indirect-hydrolyzed-vs-tripeptide","a":"hydrolyzed","b":"tripeptide","aLabel":"Hydrolyzed collagen / collagen peptides","bLabel":"Collagen tripeptide (high-tripeptide)","label":"Indirect comparison","baseline_nr":true,"grade":"D","grade_basis":"non-overlapping ranges but <2 studies per form (single-study ranges); uses value(s) with baseline correction not reported (capped at C under rubric v2)","head_to_head_grade":null,"note":"No head-to-head grade; indirect only.","status":"draft — pending reviewer (Dr. Colin Reily)","comparisons":[{"parameter":"Cmax","analyte":"hyp-gly","matrix":"serum/plasma","fed":"fasted","dosing":"single","auc_interval":"","baseline_corrected":"not reported","units":"nmol/ml","baseline_nr":true,"label":"baseline correction not reported","basis":"values as printed (doses not normalized)","a":{"n_studies":1,"n_values":2,"total_n":9,"range":[8.7,10],"per_mg_range":null,"values":[{"pmid":"34461513","value":"8.7","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"10 g","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"9","arm":"","location":"Results 3.3 p.4-5","per_mg":null},{"pmid":"34461513","value":"10.0","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"10 g","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"9","arm":"","location":"Results 3.3 p.4-5","per_mg":null}]},"b":{"n_studies":1,"n_values":4,"total_n":12,"range":[0.7,1.58],"per_mg_range":null,"values":[{"pmid":"28244315","value":"1.38","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"12","arm":"","location":"Table 1","per_mg":null},{"pmid":"28244315","value":"1.32","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"12","arm":"","location":"Table 1","per_mg":null},{"pmid":"28244315","value":"0.70","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"900 mg/kg","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"5 per time point","arm":"","location":"Table 2","per_mg":null},{"pmid":"28244315","value":"1.58","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"1800 mg/kg","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"5 per time point","arm":"","location":"Table 2","per_mg":null}]},"higher":"hydrolyzed","separated":true,"pmids":["28244315","34461513"]},{"parameter":"Cmax","analyte":"pro-hyp","matrix":"serum/plasma","fed":"fasted","dosing":"single","auc_interval":"","baseline_corrected":"not reported","units":"nmol/ml","baseline_nr":true,"label":"baseline correction not reported","basis":"values as printed (doses not normalized)","a":{"n_studies":1,"n_values":2,"total_n":9,"range":[21.1,22.9],"per_mg_range":null,"values":[{"pmid":"34461513","value":"21.1","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"10 g","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"9","arm":"","location":"Results 3.3 p.4","per_mg":null},{"pmid":"34461513","value":"22.9","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"10 g","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"9","arm":"","location":"Results 3.3 p.4","per_mg":null}]},"b":{"n_studies":1,"n_values":6,"total_n":12,"range":[14.42,72.73],"per_mg_range":null,"values":[{"pmid":"28244315","value":"16.84","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"12","arm":"","location":"Table 1","per_mg":null},{"pmid":"28244315","value":"14.42","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"12","arm":"","location":"Table 1","per_mg":null},{"pmid":"28244315","value":"57.84","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"900 mg/kg","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"5 per time point","arm":"","location":"Table 2","per_mg":null},{"pmid":"28244315","value":"72.73","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"1800 mg/kg","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"5 per time point","arm":"","location":"Table 2","per_mg":null},{"pmid":"28244315","value":"18.35","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"0.2 mmol/kg","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"5 per time point","arm":"","location":"Table 3","per_mg":null},{"pmid":"28244315","value":"32.75","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"0.2 mmol/kg","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"5 per time point","arm":"","location":"Table 3","per_mg":null}]},"higher":null,"separated":false,"pmids":["28244315","34461513"]}],"pmids":["28244315","34461513"]}],"indirectUnavailable":[{"a":"hydrolyzed","b":"undenatured","aLabel":"Hydrolyzed collagen / collagen peptides","bLabel":"Undenatured / non-hydrolyzed collagen","reason":"matched only within the same study"},{"a":"tripeptide","b":"undenatured","aLabel":"Collagen tripeptide (high-tripeptide)","bLabel":"Undenatured / non-hydrolyzed collagen","reason":"matched only within the same study"}],"indirectMethod":"Indirect (cross-study) PK comparisons from bundle_v2 single-form human arms.\nValues are copied as printed. Matching key: parameter, analyte, matrix, fed/fasted, single vs repeated,\nAUC interval (from parameter_detail), baseline correction, units (exact). No pooling/averaging: per-form\nranges are min–max of printed values. Analyte for minerals/B12 is classed as total element vs isotope/radiotracer; units compared after removing spaces/separators only; IV arms excluded; serum and plasma treated as the same matrix; curated magnesium v1 rows (mapped from stated conditions only, NR otherwise, deduped against the bundle) are included; baseline correction NR is treated as unknown (may match corrected or uncorrected sets; labeled and capped at C); for % absorption endpoints an unreported baseline correction is treated as not applicable. Normalization: value / elemental dose (mg) ONLY when dose_basis is\n'elemental', dose unit is mg, single dose, baseline-corrected=yes, parameter Cmax/AUC. Grade capped at C.\nRun after merge_bundle.py.","formGrades":{"hydrolyzed":{"label":"Hydrolyzed collagen / collagen peptides","grade":"B","basis":"8 human studies, total n=50, 5 randomized/crossover; median CV 67.3% across 3 matched set(s) (consistent)","studies":8,"total_n":50,"randomized":5,"median_cv":67.3,"cv_sets":[{"set":"Cmax / free hyp / serum/plasma / fasted / single /  / nmol/ml","studies":["24767063","34461513"],"cv":67.3},{"set":"Cmax / gly-3hyp-4hyp / mouse plasma / fed / single /  / nmol/ml","studies":["35662250","42715523"],"cv":133.7},{"set":"Tmax / gly-3hyp-4hyp / mouse plasma / fed / single /  / h","studies":["35662250","42715523"],"cv":32.6}],"pmids":["24767063","25417748","30784272","34461513","35662250","41788055","42609988","42715523"]},"tripeptide":{"label":"Collagen tripeptide (high-tripeptide)","grade":"B","basis":"3 human studies, total n=24, 3 randomized/crossover; median CV 32.6% across 3 matched set(s) (consistent)","studies":3,"total_n":24,"randomized":3,"median_cv":32.6,"cv_sets":[{"set":"Tmax / gly-pro / serum/plasma / fasted / single /  / min","studies":["26934933","28244315"],"cv":117.2},{"set":"Tmax / gly-pro-hyp / serum/plasma / fasted / single /  / min","studies":["26934933","28244315"],"cv":32.6},{"set":"Tmax / pro-hyp / serum/plasma / fasted / single /  / min","studies":["26934933","28244315"],"cv":32.6}],"pmids":["26934933","28244315","37074675"]},"undenatured":{"label":"Undenatured / non-hydrolyzed collagen","grade":"C","basis":"2 human studies, total n=16, 2 randomized/crossover; consistency not evaluable (no matched set with ≥2 studies)","studies":2,"total_n":16,"randomized":2,"median_cv":null,"cv_sets":[],"pmids":["37074675","41788055"]}},"headlineGrade":"B","rubric":"Rubric v2 (draft, pending reviewer): single-form human studies count.\n(1) Per-form 'absorption evidence' grade from human PK/absorption values of single-form arms:\n    studies, total n, design (randomized/crossover share), consistency = CV of per-study medians within\n    matched condition sets (same parameter, analyte, matrix [serum=plasma], fed, dosing, AUC interval, units; >=2 studies).\n    A: >=5 studies, total n >=100, >=2 randomized/crossover, and no evidence of inconsistency\n       (median CV <=100% across matched sets, or not evaluable because no matched set has >=2 studies; this is reported).\n    B: >=3 studies (or 2 studies with consistent matched values). C: 1-2 studies. D: animal/in vitro only.\n    Median CV <=50% = consistent; 50-100% = heterogeneous (reported, not penalized: dose, iron status and\n    population differ between studies); >100% = inconsistent, grade lowered one step.\n(2) Per pair: combine head-to-head (H2H) grade with matched single-form (indirect) evidence.\n    Indirect direction = form favored in matched sets whose ranges do not overlap (Tmax excluded).\n    Strong indirect: separated set(s) with >=3 studies per form (A-capable) or >=2 (B-capable), no contradicting set.\n    A: strong indirect (>=3/form) agreeing with H2H or no H2H, or H2H A not contradicted.\n    Conflict between H2H and indirect direction: one step below the better of the two (min D).\n    Comparisons using values with baseline correction not reported are capped at C.\nValues are never computed into new estimates: CV is used only as a consistency check and is shown with its inputs.","headlineBasis":"best grade across this page's form absorption grades and form-comparison grades (rubric v2, draft)"},"indirect_comparisons":[{"anchor":"indirect-hydrolyzed-vs-tripeptide","a":"hydrolyzed","b":"tripeptide","aLabel":"Hydrolyzed collagen / collagen peptides","bLabel":"Collagen tripeptide (high-tripeptide)","label":"Indirect comparison","baseline_nr":true,"grade":"D","grade_basis":"non-overlapping ranges but <2 studies per form (single-study ranges); uses value(s) with baseline correction not reported (capped at C under rubric v2)","head_to_head_grade":null,"note":"No head-to-head grade; indirect only.","status":"draft — pending reviewer (Dr. Colin Reily)","comparisons":[{"parameter":"Cmax","analyte":"hyp-gly","matrix":"serum/plasma","fed":"fasted","dosing":"single","auc_interval":"","baseline_corrected":"not reported","units":"nmol/ml","baseline_nr":true,"label":"baseline correction not reported","basis":"values as printed (doses not normalized)","a":{"n_studies":1,"n_values":2,"total_n":9,"range":[8.7,10],"per_mg_range":null,"values":[{"pmid":"34461513","value":"8.7","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"10 g","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"9","arm":"","location":"Results 3.3 p.4-5","per_mg":null},{"pmid":"34461513","value":"10.0","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"10 g","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"9","arm":"","location":"Results 3.3 p.4-5","per_mg":null}]},"b":{"n_studies":1,"n_values":4,"total_n":12,"range":[0.7,1.58],"per_mg_range":null,"values":[{"pmid":"28244315","value":"1.38","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"12","arm":"","location":"Table 1","per_mg":null},{"pmid":"28244315","value":"1.32","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"12","arm":"","location":"Table 1","per_mg":null},{"pmid":"28244315","value":"0.70","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"900 mg/kg","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"5 per time point","arm":"","location":"Table 2","per_mg":null},{"pmid":"28244315","value":"1.58","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"1800 mg/kg","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"5 per time point","arm":"","location":"Table 2","per_mg":null}]},"higher":"hydrolyzed","separated":true,"pmids":["28244315","34461513"]},{"parameter":"Cmax","analyte":"pro-hyp","matrix":"serum/plasma","fed":"fasted","dosing":"single","auc_interval":"","baseline_corrected":"not reported","units":"nmol/ml","baseline_nr":true,"label":"baseline correction not reported","basis":"values as printed (doses not normalized)","a":{"n_studies":1,"n_values":2,"total_n":9,"range":[21.1,22.9],"per_mg_range":null,"values":[{"pmid":"34461513","value":"21.1","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"10 g","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"9","arm":"","location":"Results 3.3 p.4","per_mg":null},{"pmid":"34461513","value":"22.9","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"10 g","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"9","arm":"","location":"Results 3.3 p.4","per_mg":null}]},"b":{"n_studies":1,"n_values":6,"total_n":12,"range":[14.42,72.73],"per_mg_range":null,"values":[{"pmid":"28244315","value":"16.84","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"12","arm":"","location":"Table 1","per_mg":null},{"pmid":"28244315","value":"14.42","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"300 mg/kg body weight in 20 w/v % water","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"12","arm":"","location":"Table 1","per_mg":null},{"pmid":"28244315","value":"57.84","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"900 mg/kg","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"5 per time point","arm":"","location":"Table 2","per_mg":null},{"pmid":"28244315","value":"72.73","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"1800 mg/kg","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"5 per time point","arm":"","location":"Table 2","per_mg":null},{"pmid":"28244315","value":"18.35","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"0.2 mmol/kg","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"5 per time point","arm":"","location":"Table 3","per_mg":null},{"pmid":"28244315","value":"32.75","units":"nmol/ml","dose":"0.2 mmol/kg","dose_basis":"salt/compound","n":"5 per time point","arm":"","location":"Table 3","per_mg":null}]},"higher":null,"separated":false,"pmids":["28244315","34461513"]}],"pmids":["28244315","34461513"]}],"citations":[{"id":"pmid-41788055","pmid":"41788055","doi":"10.1177/1096620X261428336","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41788055/","species":"human"},{"id":"pmid-42609988","pmid":"42609988","doi":"10.7717/peerj.21398","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42609988/","species":"human"},{"id":"pmid-42715523","pmid":"42715523","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.6c08326","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42715523/","species":"human"},{"id":"pmid-38984642","pmid":"38984642","doi":"10.1113/EP091897","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38984642/","species":"human"},{"id":"pmid-38007183","pmid":"38007183","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.10.030","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38007183/","species":"human"},{"id":"pmid-39259166","pmid":"39259166","doi":"10.1152/ajpendo.00252.2024","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39259166/","species":"human"},{"id":"pmid-37074675","pmid":"37074675","doi":"10.1089/jmf.2022.K.0149","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37074675/","species":"human"},{"id":"pmid-34461513","pmid":"34461513","doi":"10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130869","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34461513/","species":"human"},{"id":"pmid-35662250","pmid":"35662250","doi":"10.1038/s41538-022-00144-4","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35662250/","species":"human"},{"id":"pmid-31872275","pmid":"31872275","doi":"10.1007/s00216-019-02323-x","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31872275/","species":"human"},{"id":"pmid-30784272","pmid":"30784272","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06896","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30784272/","species":"human"},{"id":"pmid-31159319","pmid":"31159319","doi":"10.3390/nu11061249","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31159319/","species":"human"},{"id":"pmid-28244315","pmid":"28244315","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05679","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28244315/","species":"human"},{"id":"pmid-26934933","pmid":"26934933","doi":"10.1248/bpb.b15-00624","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26934933/","species":"human"},{"id":"pmid-24767063","pmid":"24767063","doi":"10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.02.091","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24767063/","species":"human"},{"id":"pmid-25417748","pmid":"25417748","doi":"10.1021/jf5039597","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25417748/","species":"human"},{"id":"pmid-18707117","pmid":"18707117","doi":"10.1021/jf800691f","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18707117/","species":"human"},{"id":"pmid-40517554","pmid":"40517554","doi":"10.1016/j.biopha.2025.118236","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40517554/","species":"rodent"},{"id":"pmid-41298488","pmid":"41298488","doi":"10.1038/s41538-025-00617-2","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41298488/","species":"rodent"},{"id":"pmid-38051020","pmid":"38051020","doi":"10.1111/1750-3841.16871","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38051020/","species":"rodent"},{"id":"pmid-38411396","pmid":"38411396","doi":"10.1039/d3fo04949c","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38411396/","species":"rodent"},{"id":"pmid-34448624","pmid":"34448624","doi":"10.1089/jmf.2021.K.0038","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34448624/","species":"rodent"},{"id":"pmid-30739561","pmid":"30739561","doi":"10.1080/09168451.2019.1580559","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30739561/","species":"rodent"},{"id":"pmid-29467346","pmid":"29467346","doi":"10.2220/biomedres.39.1","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29467346/","species":"rodent"},{"id":"pmid-28988478","pmid":"28988478","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03714","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28988478/","species":"rodent"},{"id":"pmid-26978646","pmid":"26978646","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00609","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26978646/","species":"rodent"},{"id":"pmid-27573716","pmid":"27573716","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02955","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27573716/","species":"rodent"},{"id":"pmid-25410396","pmid":"25410396","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.7008","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25410396/","species":"rodent"},{"id":"pmid-25826015","pmid":"25826015","doi":"10.1021/jf5057502","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25826015/","species":"rodent"},{"id":"pmid-26155906","pmid":"26155906","doi":"10.1080/09168451.2015.1062711","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26155906/","species":"rodent"},{"id":"pmid-19957932","pmid":"19957932","doi":"10.1021/jf9031487","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19957932/","species":"rodent"},{"id":"pmid-19661700","pmid":"19661700","doi":"10.1271/bbb.90050","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19661700/","species":"rodent"},{"id":"pmid-41227525","pmid":"41227525","doi":"10.3390/ani15213195","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41227525/","species":"other_animal"},{"id":"pmid-35990359","pmid":"35990359","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2022.960926","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35990359/","species":"other_animal"},{"id":"pmid-42233495","pmid":"42233495","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70759","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42233495/","species":"in_vitro"},{"id":"pmid-40597548","pmid":"40597548","doi":"10.1016/j.foodres.2025.116847","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40597548/","species":"in_vitro"},{"id":"pmid-39203724","pmid":"39203724","doi":"10.3390/nu16162585","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39203724/","species":"in_vitro"},{"id":"pmid-36475394","pmid":"36475394","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05411","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36475394/","species":"in_vitro"},{"id":"pmid-31927882","pmid":"31927882","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07602","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31927882/","species":"in_vitro"},{"id":"pmid-32266991","pmid":"32266991","doi":"10.1111/jfbc.13226","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32266991/","species":"in_vitro"},{"id":"pmid-32520033","pmid":"32520033","doi":"10.1039/d0fo00219d","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32520033/","species":"in_vitro"},{"id":"pmid-32806694","pmid":"32806694","doi":"10.3390/foods9081106","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32806694/","species":"in_vitro"}],"disclaimer":"Educational information about published research; not medical advice. Not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. Talk to a clinician before changing supplements, especially if pregnant, nursing or on medication.","last_reviewed":null,"page_url":"https://supplementabsorption.com/collagen?utm_source=chatgpt"}